Understanding the visual search strategies of expert and novice coaches in futsal set pieces.

Introduction: This study aimed to describe the fixation location and the time of the longer fixation of expert and novice futsal coaches before the ball was in play in futsal set pieces.

Methods: A total of 10 experts (ages 48 ± 5) and 10 novice coaches (ages 40 ± 7) participated in the study. They observed that 38 video clips were created to mimic the attack and defensive set-piece moments of the game.

Inclusion of Game-Based Stimulus During Flywheel Resistance Training Positively Influences Physical Performance in Handball Players.

Handball is a body-contact Olympic ball sport that is characterized by fast-paced defensive and offensive actions. Players must coordinate explosive movements (e.g.

Chronological age-based vs. Bio-banded friendly football tournament: Effects on physical performance and spatial exploration behaviour in 7v7 match play.

Biological age-based competitions have been suggested to mitigate maturation bias among youth football players. This study analysed the physical demands and spatial exploration behaviour when playing football matches against biological or chronological age-based opposition. One-hundred and sixteen U-13 and U-14 male regional-level football players were recruited from five Portuguese football academies.

Biological maturation, contextual factors, and future career in basketball: A possible interrelationship?

This study aimed to analyse the relationship between the maturational state and contextual factors with future basketball career success in Under-16 (U16) Portuguese youth preparing for the U16 European Basketball Championships. Eighty-five Under-15 (U15) and U16 male basketball players (height: 189.7 ± 6.

Differential Repeated Sprinting Training in Youth Basketball Players: An Analysis of Effects According to Maturity Status.

The differential learning approach, which includes fluctuations that occur without movement repetitions and without corrections has received growing interest in the skill acquisition field. This study aimed to determine the effects of a 9-week training intervention involving differential repeated sprint training on a series of physical tests in youth basketball players. A total of 29 participants with different maturity statuses (pre-peak height velocity (PHV), = 7; mid-PHV, = 6; post-PHV, = 16) completed 2 sessions per week of differential repeated sprint training for a period of 9 weeks.

Performance indicators and functional adaptive windows in competitive cyclists: effect of one-year strength and conditioning training programme.

Changes and relationships between cycling performance indicators following a one-year strength and conditioning training have not been totally clarified. The aims of this study are to investigate (i) the effect of a combined one-year strength and conditioning training programme on performance indicators and the possible relationships between these indicators, and (ii) the existence of possible endurance-functional-adaptive windows (EFAWs) linked to changes in muscular strength and body composition markers. Functional and lactate threshold power (FTP and LTP), maximal strength (1RM) and body composition (body mass index [BMI], body cell mass [BCM] and phase angle [PA]) were measured at the beginning and the end of a one-year strength and conditioning training programme of thirty cyclists.

Training Load, Maturity Timing and Future National Team Selection in National Youth Basketball Players.

Despite its importance to the management of training stress, monotony and recovery from exercise, training load has not been quantified during periods of intensity training in youths. This study aimed to (1) examine and quantify the training load (TL) in youth national team basketball players during a 2-week training camp according to maturity timing and (2) determine which parameters were related to under-18 (U18) national team selection. Twenty-nine U-16 national team basketball players underwent an anthropometric assessment to determine maturity timing.

Always Pay Attention to Which Model of Motor Learning You Are Using.

This critical review considers the epistemological and historical background of the theoretical construct of motor learning for a more differentiated understanding. More than simply reflecting critically on the models that are used to solve problems-whether they are applied in therapy, physical education, or training practice-this review seeks to respond constructively to the recent discussion caused by the replication crisis in life sciences. To this end, an in-depth review of contemporary motor learning approaches is provided, with a pragmatism-oriented clarification of the researcher's intentions on fundamentals (what?), subjects (for whom?), time intervals (when?), and purpose (for what?).

The Effect of Differential Repeated Sprint Training on Physical Performance in Female Basketball Players: A Pilot Study.

This pilot study aimed to determine the effects of differential learning in sprint running with and without changes of direction (COD) on physical performance parameters in female basketball players and to determine the feasibility of the training protocol. Nine female basketball players completed 4 weeks of repeated sprint training (RST) with (COD, = 4) or without (NCOD, = 5) changes of direction. A battery of sprints (0-10 and 0-25 m), vertical jumps (counter movement jump (CMJ), drop jump, and single-leg CMJs), and COD tests were conducted before and after intervention.

Transition from Youth categories to Elite cycling: relationships between early career performance and UCI World Tour success.

Background: The present study aimed to describe the possible roles of cyclists' early career performance, on the transition process to elite cycling categories.

Methods: Data from national and international databases, and results achieved during the UCI World Championships, were retrospectively analyzed considering the Italian national Youth-U16, Junior-U18, and U23 categories, and international Junior-U18 and UCI World-Tour categories.

Results: The 15% of Youth-U16, the 38.

The effects of maturity matched and un-matched opposition on physical performance and spatial exploration behavior during youth basketball matches.

The aim of this study was analyze the effect of playing against biological matched and un-matched opposition, on physical performance and spatial exploration behavior of youth basketball players. Thirty under-14 to 16 basketball players were assigned to different teams according to maturity status (Pre-, Mid-, and Post-Peak Height Velocity [PHV]), and participated in basketball matches against matched (same maturity status), and un-matched (different maturity status) opposition. Maturity status was estimated considering the percentage of predicted adult height.

The Influence of Contextual Aspects in Talent Development: Interaction Between Relative Age and Birthplace Effects in NBA-Drafted Players.

The aims of this study were two-fold: (1) to inspect separately for the relative age and birthplace effects for players selected in the National Basketball Association (NBA) draft; (2) to explore the interaction among these factors and analyse this interaction in players' career performance. The database was obtained from the official records of the players ( = 1,738), who were selected during the annual editions of the NBA Draft from 1990 to 2019. The participants' date of birth was analyzed according to the month of birth and divided into four quartiles.

Enhancing High-Intensity Actions During a Basketball Game After a Strength Training Program With Random Recovery Times Between Sets.

Arede, J, Leite, N, Tous-Fajardo, J, Bishop, C, and Gonzalo-Skok, O. Enhancing high-intensity actions during a basketball game after a strength training program with random recovery times between sets. J Strength Cond Res 36(7): 1989-1997, 2022-To examine the effects of a strength training program with random recovery times between sets in consideration of several physical parameters, high-intensity actions, and spatial exploration index during a simulated basketball game.

A Multi-Block Multivariate Analysis to Explore the Influence of the Somatic Maturation in Youth Basketball.

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of somatic maturation in anthropometric, physical, and game-related variables in youth basketball age groups under-13 (U-13) and under-15 (U-15). One-hundred and eighty-five basketball players performed anthropometrical and physical tests during a non-official youth basketball tournament. Predicted maturity offset (MO) and game-related variables were also analyzed.

Want to Impact Physical, Technical, and Tactical Performance during Basketball Small-Sided Games in Youth Athletes? Try Differential Learning Beforehand.

This study aimed to analyze the acute effect of small-sided games, based on differential learning, on the physical, technical, and positioning performance of young basketball players. Eight basketball players under 13 (U13) participated in this study. A total of eight sessions involving half-court small-sided games (4 sets × 3 min + 1 min of passive recovery) under randomly different numerical relations were performed.

Effect of Training and Match Loads on Hamstring Passive Stiffness in Professional Soccer Players.

Objective: the purpose of this study was to identify differences in hamstring passive stiffness between the pre-season and in-season periods.

Methods: Hamstring strength and passive stiffness were measured in professional male soccer players before and after the pre-season (4 weeks), and after the in-season (6 weeks) periods using an isokinetic dynamometer. Muscle passive stiffness was determined from the slope of the passive torque-angle relationship.

Mechanical, Physiological, and Perceptual Demands of Repeated Power Ability Lower-Body and Upper-Body Tests in Youth Athletes: Somatic Maturation as a Factor on the Performance.

This study aims (a) to assess and compare the acute mechanical, physiological, and perceptual demands induced by a lower and upper body repeated power ability (RPA) protocols, and (b) to examine how the somatic maturation could predict training response in RPA. Thirteen young male basketball players (chronological age = 15.2 ± 1.

Rotational flywheel training in youth female team sport athletes: could inter-repetition movement variability be beneficial?

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of an inter-repetition variable rotational flywheel training program (variable) over standard rotational flywheel training (Standard).

Methods: Twenty-four youth female team-sports players were randomly assigned to both training groups (variable, N.=12; standard, N.

Repetitions in reserve vs. maximum effort resistance training programs in youth female athletes.

Background: This study aimed to analyze and compare the effects of two different resistance training programs.

Methods: Fourteen under-17 youth female basketball players were randomly assigned to repetitions in reserve (RIR, N.=7) or maximum effort (RM, N.

Train Smarter, Play More: Insights About Preparation and Game Participation in Youth National Team.

: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between physical preparation, training sessions (TS) and friendly matches' (FM) demands, and playing status during European Championship (EC). : Twelve under-16 (U-16) basketball players performed physical (jumping, agility, aerobic fitness, and lower limb asymmetry index [ASI]) tests prior to attending the national team training camp. External training load was assessed using the WIMU PRO System put in place during TS (n = 19) and FM (n = 3), integrating the national team preparation.

Acute effects of differential learning on football kicking performance and in countermovement jump.

The aim of this study was to identify the acute effects of a differential-learning training program on football kicking performance and countermovement jump. Twenty youth Portuguese under-15 football players participated in this study. All players were exposed to two training approaches: i) traditional, in which the players performed a total of 36 kicks in a blocked and repetitive approach; and ii) differential learning, which consisted in the 36 kicks using differential variations in each kick.

Validity and reliability of Gyko Sport for the measurement of barbell velocity on the bench-press exercise.

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the novel inertial measurement unit (named: Gyko Sport) for the measurement of barbell concentric velocity on the bench-press exercise.

Methods: Ten under-16 (U16) basketball players performed 2 repetitions of the bench press exercise with 6 different loads (40, 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90% of one repetition maximum [1-RM]; N.=120 repetitions).

Jump higher, run faster: effects of diversified sport participation on talent identification and selection in youth basketball.

The aims of this study were to examine the medium-term effects of previous experiences during early stages of sport development on physical capacities of under-13 (U-13) talented basketball players and, to identify variables that discriminated under-14 (U-14) national team training camp selection. Anthropometrical and physical measurements were collected during a basketball training camp. Previous sport experiences (6-10 years), maturity offset, power outputs for jumping and sprinting were determined.

Maturational Development as a Key Aspect in Physiological Performance and National-Team Selection in Elite Male Basketball Players.

Purpose: To determine the discriminators as variables to select the under-16 national-team players and to examine the influence of biological age on physical/technical parameters among young basketball players.

Methods: Thirty-four under-15 male basketball players performed several anthropometrical (height, wingspan, body mass, and fingers length) and physical (jumping, sprinting, throwing, flexibility, change-of-direction speed, and aerobic fitness) tests during the under-15 male national-team training camp. Maturity offset, lower-limb asymmetry index, and power outputs for jumping and sprinting were also computed.