The high resolution crystal structure of the DNA decamer d(AGGCATGCCT).

The crystal structure of the DNA decamer d(AGGCATGCCT) has been determined to a resolution of 1.3 A and R factor of 13.9%.

The structure of chain-linked DNA as a possible model for the transcription bubble.

An antiparallel DNA decanucleotide displays an unusual crystal structure in which each molecule is linked to a neighbour by base pairs between intertwined, looped strands. The structure suggests a model for the transcription bubble.

Crystal structure of a DNA decamer showing a novel pseudo four-way helix-helix junction.

The crystal structure of the decanucleotide d(CGCAATTGCG)2 has been solved by a combination of molecular replacement and heavy-atom procedures and has been refined to an R factor of 20.2% at 2.7 A.

A simulation test of Smith's "Degrees of freedom" correction for comparative studies.

Computer simulation was used to test Smith's (1994) correction for phylogenetic nonindependence in comparative studies. Smith's method find effective N, which is computed using nested analysis of variance, and uses this value in place of observed N as the baseline degrees of freedom (df) for calculating statistical significance levels. If Smith's formula finds the correct df, distributions of computer-generated statistics from simulations with observed N nonindependent species should match theoretical distributions (from statistical tables) with the df based on effective N.

Variability in DNA minor groove width recognised by ligand binding: the crystal structure of a bis-benzimidazole compound bound to the DNA duplex d(CGCGAATTCGCG)2.

An analogue of the DNA-binding compound Hoechst 33258, in which the piperazine ring has been replaced by an imidazoline group, has been cocrystallized with the dodecanucleotide sequence d(CGCGAATTCGCG)2. The structure has been solved by X-ray diffraction analysis and has been refined to an R-factor of 19.7% at a resolution of 2.

Sequence-dependent drug binding to the minor groove of DNA: crystal structure of the DNA dodecamer d(CGCAAATTTGCG)2 complexed with propamidine.

The DNA-binding ligand propamidine, an analogue of the drug pentamidine which is used in the treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated Pneumocystis carinii, has been cocrystallized with the DNA sequence d(CGCAAATTTGCG)2, and the crystal structure of the complex has been determined using data from 8 to 2.2 A resolution. The R factor converged to 15.

Crystal structure of gamma-oxapentamidine complexed with d(CGCGAATTCGCG)2. The effects of drug structural change on DNA minor-groove recognition.

The crystal structure of the complex of gamma-oxapentamidine and the DNA dodecamer d(CGCGAATTCGCG)2 has been determined to a resolution of 0.22 nm and an R factor of 18.9%.

Nanoscale imaging of molecular adsorption.

In situ atomic force microscope observations were made of the adsorption of anions (1- or 2-) of the organic diacid 5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid from aqueous solution onto the (0001) surface of hydrotalcite (HT), a layered clay. This adsorption process is believed to mimic the ion-exchange reactions that occur within the layers of HT and other layered clays. Atomic force microscope images of the (0001) surfaces of HT, acquired in aqueous solutions, reveal an ordered structure with respect to magnesium and aluminum atoms.

Lobular carcinoma of the male breast.

Background: A case of lobular carcinoma in a male breast is described. Lobular carcinoma is a very uncommon histopathologic form of male breast cancer because of the absence of lobules in the normal male breast. The cytoarchitecture of the normal male breast can be deranged in conditions such as Klinefelter's syndrome or as a result of estrogen exposure.

Crystal structure of d(CGCGAATTCGCG) complexed with propamidine, a short-chain homologue of the drug pentamidine.

The crystal structure of the complex between propamidine and the self-complementary DNA dodecamer d(CGCGAATTCGCG) duplex has been determined to a resolution of 2.1 A and a R-factor of 17.4%.

The effects of recombinant human erythropoietin on the cell mediated immune response of renal failure patients.

Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) is now widely employed in correction of the anemia of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Recent reports suggest that rHUEpo, in addition to its effect on CFU-E and burst-forming-unit-erythroid (BFU-E), may stimulate granulocyte/macro-phage production and pluripotential progenitors of the myeloid and monocyte lineage. Furthermore, there is now data which demonstrate that ESRD patients who received rHuEpo have enhanced cytokine production.

DNA-drug interactions. The crystal structures of d(TGTACA) and d(TGATCA) complexed with daunomycin.

The anticancer drug daunomycin has been co-crystallized with the hexanucleotide duplex sequences d(TGTACA) and d(TGATCA) and single crystal X-ray diffraction studies of these two complexes have been carried out. Structure solution of the d(TGTACA) and d(TGATCA) complexes to 1.6 and 1.

Striated scallop muscle relaxation: fast force transients produced by photolysis of Diazo-2.

Relaxation of the myosin regulated striated adductor muscles of Pecten maximus was initiated by the photolysis of the caged Ca2+ chelator, Diazo-2. The fibres relaxed to approximately 30% of the maximum tension with a mean half-time of 17.9 +/- 1.

Correlation of carotid bruits and carotid atherosclerosis detected by B-mode real-time ultrasonography.

The extent of carotid atherosclerosis evaluated by B-mode real-time ultrasound and the presence of bruits established by carotid phonoangiography were determined in 1,107 patients. Unilateral bruit was associated with increased atherosclerosis compared with no bruit (p less than or equal to 0.0001).

Three-dimensional transcranial Doppler blood flow mapping in patients with cerebrovascular disorders.

We investigated 60 patients with cerebrovascular disorders using a three-dimensional transcranial Doppler blood flow mapping system. A composite display of the circle of Willis is created with computer assistance, allowing accurate vessel identification and optimal data documentation of blood flow velocity and direction in the basal cerebral arteries. The basilar artery was insonated in every patient; the middle cerebral artery and the most distal internal carotid artery were found in 95% of the patients, the anterior cerebral artery in 85%, and the posterior cerebral artery in 84%.

Carbamazepine vs lithium in the treatment and prophylaxis of mania.

Fifty-four acutely manic patients were allocated to treatment on a double-blind basis with either carbamazepine or lithium carbonate. The short-term effects of treatment were studied over a period of six weeks and the longer term, prophylactic, effects over a period of up to a year. Additional 'rescue' medication was allowed when clinically indicated.