Correlation Between the Hepatitis C Virus NS3 Protein and CD30 Expression in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma.

Introduction:  One of the etiologies of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is chronic infection related to lymphoma pathogenesis, with a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection seen. In determining the treatment and prognosis of NHL, cluster of differentiation 30 (CD30) immunohistochemical staining plays an important role. High levels of CD30 are found in patients with HCV infection.

Diverging likelihood of colon and rectal cancer in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A cross sectional study.

Objectives: Colon and rectal cancer are associated with different risk factors and prognostic. However, this discrepancy has not been widely explored in the local population. This study aimed to investigate the site-specific likelihood of colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in the Yogyakarta province, Indonesia.

Breast cancer incidence in Yogyakarta, Indonesia from 2008-2019: A cross-sectional study using trend analysis and geographical information system.

Background: Breast cancer is a significant public health concern worldwide, including in Indonesia. Little is known about the spatial and temporal patterns of breast cancer incidence in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze temporal and spatial variations of breast cancer incidence in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia.

Temporal and spatial analyses of colorectal cancer incidence in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study.

We aimed to explore the district-level temporal dynamics and sub-district level geographical variations of colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province. We performed a cross-sectional study using data from the Yogyakarta population-based cancer registry (PBCR) comprised of 1,593 CRC cases diagnosed in 2008-2019. The age-standardized rates (ASRs) were determined using 2014 population data.

Association between prognostic factors and the outcomes of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 harboring multiple spike protein mutations.

The outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection is determined by multiple factors, including the viral, host genetics, age, and comorbidities. This study investigated the association between prognostic factors and disease outcomes of patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 with multiple S protein mutations. Fifty-one COVID-19 patients were recruited in this study.

Molecular epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 isolated from COVID-19 family clusters.

Background: Transmission within families and multiple spike protein mutations have been associated with the rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2. We aimed to: (1) describe full genome characterization of SARS-CoV-2 and correlate the sequences with epidemiological data within family clusters, and (2) conduct phylogenetic analysis of all samples from Yogyakarta and Central Java, Indonesia and other countries.

Methods: The study involved 17 patients with COVID-19, including two family clusters.

Full-length genome characterization and phylogenetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 virus strains from Yogyakarta and Central Java, Indonesia.

Background: Recently, SARS-CoV-2 virus with the D614G mutation has become a public concern due to rapid dissemination of this variant across many countries. Our study aims were (1) to report full-length genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 collected from four COVID-19 patients in the Special Region of Yogyakarta and Central Java provinces, Indonesia; (2) to compare the clade distribution of full-length genome sequences from Indonesia ( = 60) from March to September 2020 and (3) to perform phylogenetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 complete genomes from different countries, including Indonesia.

Methods: Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) applied in the Illumina MiSeq instrument.

Endothelin converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1) deletion in association with Endothelin-1 downregulation ameliorates kidney fibrosis in mice.

Kidney fibrosis is a common final pathway of chronic kidney diseases, which are characterized by renal architecture damage, inflammation, fibroblast expansion and myofibroblast formation. Endothelin converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1) contributes to activation of Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor and pro-fibrotic substance. This study elucidated the effect of ECE-1 knockout in kidney fibrosis model in mice in association of ET-1 downregulation.

Ethanol Extract of (Gotu Kola) Attenuates Tubular Injury Through Inhibition of Inflammatory Cytokines and Enhancement of Anti-Fibrotic Factor in Mice with 5/6 Subtotal Nephrectomy.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to inflammation, fibrosis and destruction of the renal architecture. (CeA) is an herbaceous plant with anti-inflammatory effects. We aimed to elucidate the effect of CeA on inflammation, fibrosis, vascular remodelling and antifibrotic substances in a 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy (SN) model in mice.

Chlorogenic Acid Attenuates Kidney Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury via Reducing Inflammation, Tubular Injury, and Myofibroblast Formation.

Kidney ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury is the main cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) involving renal function deterioration, renal architecture damage, and inflammation. This condition may lead to kidney fibrosis with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and myofibroblast formation. Inhibition of chronic effects of kidney I/R injury may provide effective strategies for treating AKI and chronic kidney diseases (CKDs).

Upregulation of Endothelin-1/Endothelin A Receptor Expression Correlates with Heparanase Expression in Ovarian Carcinoma.

Background: Heparanase and endothelin-1/endothelin A receptor (ET-1/ETR) expressions increase in cancer. This condition enhances tumor progression and correlates with poor survival. Limited data are documented regarding the role of heparanase and ET-1/ETR in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Molecular Subtypes, Apoptosis and Proliferation Status in Indonesian Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Cases.

Objective: The diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has two major molecular subtypes, germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) and non-GCB. These have differing behavior which affects overall patient survival. However, immunohistochemistry based molecular subtyping of Indonesian DLBCLs has been limited.

Disseminated Histoplasmosis in an Indonesian HIV-Positive Patient: A Case Diagnosed by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology.

A 30-year-old Javanese-Indonesian man was admitted with complaints of 3 months persistent fever, weight loss, and fatigue. He had never known his past history of unprotected HIV until the admission. His only risk factor is unsafe sex.

Histochemical and Immunohistochemical Study of α-SMA, Collagen, and PCNA in Epithelial Ovarian Neoplasm.

Background: Alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) is an isoform of actin, positive in myofibroblasts and is an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker. EMT is a process by which tumor cells develop to be more hostile and able to metastasize. Progression of tumor cells is always followed by cell composition and extracellular matrix component alteration.

Vitamin D Attenuates Kidney Fibrosis via Reducing Fibroblast Expansion, Inflammation, and Epithelial Cell Apoptosis.

Kidney fibrosis is the common final pathway of chronic kidney diseases (CKD). It is characterized by myofibroblast formation, inflammation, and epithelial architecture damage. Vitamin D is known as a renoprotective agent, although the precise mechanism is not well understood.

Quantification of pregenomic RNA and covalently closed circular DNA in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

Pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) is generated from covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and plays important roles in viral genome amplification and replication. Hepatic pgRNA and cccDNA expression levels indicate viral persistence and replication activity. This study was aimed to measure hepatic pgRNA and cccDNA expression levels in various states of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Hepatitis B and C virus infection among hemodialysis patients in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Prevalence and molecular evidence for nosocomial transmission.

Hemodialysis patients are at an increased risk of acquiring hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, the prevalence of hepatitis viral infection and its genotype distribution among hemodialysis patients in Indonesia are unclear. In order to investigate these issues and the possibility of nosocomial transmission, 161 hemodialysis patients and 35 staff members at one of the hemodialysis unit in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, were tested for serological and virological markers of both viruses.

Hepatitis E virus infection in two different regions of Indonesia with identification of swine HEV genotype 3.

Hepatitis E is an emerging disease with a high incidence globally. Few data are available on hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in Indonesia. To obtain molecular information on HEV infection in two regions of Indonesia with different customs and swine breeding conditions, serum samples from 137 swine farm workers, 100 blood donors and 100 swine (27 fecal samples also obtained) in Yogyakarta (Central Java) and from 12 and 64 swine farm workers, 42 and 135 local residents and 89 and 119 swine in Tulungagung (East Java) and Mengwi (Bali), respectively, from our previous study, were compared.

GB virus C infection in Indonesian HIV-positive patients.

GB virus C (GBV-C), a human virus of the Flaviviridae family that is structurally and epidemiologically closest to hepatitis C virus (HCV), has been reported to confer beneficial outcomes in HIV-positive patients. However, the prevalence of GBV-C in HIV-positive individuals in Indonesia is unknown. Since GBV-C is more prevalent in anti-HCV positive patients than in anti-HCV negative subjects, transmission of GBV-C and HCV could be by the same method.

Mutations within enhancer II and BCP regions of hepatitis B virus in relation to advanced liver diseases in patients infected with subgenotype B3 in Indonesia.

Studies on the characteristics of mutations within the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome, their roles in the pathogenesis of advanced liver diseases, and the involvement of host properties of HBV-infected individuals have not been conducted in subgenotype B3-infected populations. For addressing this issue, 40 cases with HBV surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive advanced liver diseases, including advanced liver cancer and cirrhosis (male 31, female 9, age 54.4 ± 11.