Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Mild, Young and Early COPD: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 5468 Patients.

Early, mild and young COPD concepts are not clearly defined and are often used interchangeably to refer to the onset of the disease. : To describe and compare the characteristics of mild, young and early COPD in a large sample of COPD from primary and secondary care. : Pooled analysis of individual data from four multicenter observational studies of patients with stable COPD (≥40 years, FEV/FVC < 0.

Colocalization of hedgehog arterivirus 1 (HhAV-1) and histologic lesions in the European hedgehog () with neurological disease.

The European hedgehog () is a protected species of conservation concern in the UK. In recent years, there have been multiple incidents of fatal encephalitis in captive hedgehogs in wildlife rescue centers associated with the molecular detection of a hedgehog arterivirus (HhAV-1). However, it remains unclear whether the virus is the causative agent of the central nervous system (CNS) lesions.

The Presence of Type Va Double Common Bile Duct in a Male Patient: A Case Report.

Double common bile duct (DCBD) is a rare congenital anomaly of the biliary system, characterized by the presence of two common bile ducts. The condition can be classified into five distinct types. Type Va DCBD is one of the rare congenital variations where both bile ducts open separately into the duodenum: one opens normally at the major duodenal papilla, and the second opens independently into the duodenum at a different site, usually proximal to the major duodenal papilla.

Treatment persistence, adherence and healthcare resource utilisation for iGlarLixi versus basal-bolus insulin or premixed insulin in older adult ethnic minorities with type 2 diabetes: SoliEthnicity study.

Aims: Most type 2 diabetes (T2D) studies have predominantly enrolled White people aged <65 years. This retrospective study evaluated outcomes for iGlarLixi (fixed-ratio combination [FRC] of insulin glargine 100 U/mL and lixisenatide) versus basal-bolus or premixed insulin in African American, Asian and Hispanic adults with T2D aged ≥65 years.

Methods: Medicare claims data were assessed from beneficiaries receiving basal insulin who newly initiated iGlarLixi, basal-bolus insulin, or premixed insulin between 7/1/2019 and 12/30/2021.

Altered value-based decision-making in anorexia nervosa: A systematic review.

Alterations in decision-making are considered core to anorexia nervosa (AN) phenomenology and may maintain illness through maladaptive choice behavior. This systematic review (n = 77) aimed to extend prior reviews beyond standard neuropsychological batteries by incorporating novel value-based choice tasks and computational methods. We organize findings across key factors, including: 1) illness state, 2) developmental stage, and 3) AN subtype, and highlight available neuroimaging findings.

Health-Related Experiences of Transgender and Gender-Diverse Coloradans: A Scoping Review of the Literature.

Background: Extant literature on transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) people living in the United States is centered on bicoastal metropolitan cities. Little is known about the health status and health-related barriers among TGD people living in the middle of the country. Minority Stress Theory (MST) provides a framework for understanding how TGD people experience stressors that shape their health-related experiences.

Revisiting the concept, urban practices, current advances, and future prospects of green infrastructure.

The inevitable increase in the human population's reliance on natural resources necessitates practical, and result-oriented solutions and strategies to enhance human's standard of living while minimizing its impact on essential resources. The global water resource depletion has spurred discourse among key international stakeholder in uniting efforts to achieve sustainability. For decades, the application of a combination of key strategies which relies on designing cities to promote the sustainable use of water and water resources have received global endorsement.

SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission via the skin to oro-nasal route with the production of bioaerosols in the ferret model.

Direct and indirect transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been attributed to virus survival in droplets, bioaerosols and on fomites including skin and surfaces. Survival of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta) on the skin and virus transference following rounds of skin-to-skin contact were assessed on porcine skin as a surrogate for human skin. SARS-CoV-2 variants were detectable on skin by RT-qPCR after 72 h at biologically relevant temperatures (35.

Chiral spin-transfer torque induced by curvature gradient.

This work analyzes the propagation of a transverse domain wall (DW) under the action of an electric current along a nanowire with a curvature gradient. Our results evidence that the curvature gradient induces a chiral spin-transfer torque (CSTT) whose effect on the DW dynamics depends on the direction along which the DW points, evidencing a curvature-induced non-reciprocity in the current-driven DW motion. The origin of the CSTT is explained in terms of a position-dependent effective field associated with the DW profile and the electric current direction.

The "Cycle" of HIV: Limits of Personal Responsibility in HIV Vulnerability Among Transgender Adolescents and Young Women in Lima, Peru.

Globally, transgender women (TW) face a high burden of the HIV epidemic. In Peru, HIV prevalence among TW rises at age 25, indicating a need to understand HIV vulnerability as adolescents reach adulthood. The life course of TW is often marked by abuse, discrimination and poverty fueled by transphobic stigma.

Influence of different viscosity and chemical composition of flowable composite resins: A 48-month split-mouth double-blind randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical performance of two flowable composites based on methacrylate and one based on ormocer in treating non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) after 48-month evaluation in a split-mouth double-blind clinical study design.

Methods: A total of 183 restorations were performed on NCCLs using a universal adhesive system (Futurabond U, Voco GmbH) with selective enamel etching on 27 participants: two participants received twelve restorations each, three received nine restorations each, and 22 participants received six restorations each. Three different flowable composites were employed (n = 61): a low-viscosity methacrylate-based composite (GrandioSO Flow, LVM), a high-viscosity methacrylate-based composite (GrandioSO Heavy Flow, HVM), and an ormocer-based flowable composite (Admira Fusion Flow, ORM).

Incidence and characterization of polyglucosan bodies in the cerebella of montserrat orioles ().

Polyglucosan bodies are accumulations of insoluble glucose polymers and proteins that form intracytoplasmic inclusions in the brain, large numbers of which can be indicative of neurodegenerative diseases such as Lafora disease. Montserrat orioles () are an icterid passerine endemic to Montserrat with conservation populations maintained in captivity abroad. We demonstrate that polyglucosan bodies are unusually abundant in the cerebellar molecular and Purkinje cell layers and cerebellar peduncles of captive-bred and wild-caught Montserrat orioles.

Impairment of synaptic plasticity in the primary somatosensory cortex in a model of diabetic mice.

Type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients experience alterations in the Central Nervous System, leading to cognitive deficits. Cognitive deficits have been also observed in animal models of diabetes such as impaired sensory perception, as well as deficits in working and spatial memory functions. It has been suggested that a reduction of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and/or insulin levels may induce these neurological disorders.

Anterior dislocation of elbow in an adult female: A rare case report.

Elbow dislocations are among one of the most frequently dislocated joints, with an incidence of five to six cases annually per 100,000 persons in the United States. The vast majority of elbow dislocations occur posteriorly, secondary to a disruption in the anterior elbow- and posterior elbow-stabilizing structures. Anterior elbow dislocations are rare injuries in both children and adults, occurring as the proximal ulna is forced anterior to the distal humerus with or without the proximal radius.

Practical quality improvement changes for a low-resourced pediatric unit.

Background: This work describes a sustainable and replicable initiative to optimize multi-disciplinary care and uptake of clinical best practices for patients in a pediatric intensive care unit in Low/Middle Income Countries and to understand the various factors that may play a role in the reduction in child mortality seen after implementation of the Quality Improvement Initiative.

Methods: This was a longitudinal assessment of a quality improvement program with the primary outcome of intubated pediatric patient mortality. The program was assessed 36 months following implementation of the quality improvement intervention using a -test with linear regression to control for co-variates.

Toward Fully Multiferroic van der Waals SpinFETs: Basic Design and Quantum Calculations.

Manipulating spin transport enhances the functionality of electronic devices, allowing them to surpass physical constraints related to speed and power. For this reason, the use of van der Waals multiferroics at the interface of heterostructures offers promising prospects for developing high-performance devices, enabling the electrical control of spin information. Our work focuses primarily on a mechanism for multiferroicity in two-dimensional van der Waals materials that stems from an interplay between antiferromagnetism and the breaking of inversion symmetry in certain bilayers.