Efficacy of the second micro-testicular sperm extraction after failed first micro-testicular sperm extraction in men with nonobstructive azoospermia.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the second micro-testicular sperm extraction (TESE)in men with nonobstructive azoospermia in whom the first micro-TESE failed.

Design: Retrospective.

Setting: Private clinic.

Gonadotrophin therapy in combination with ICSI in men with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of gonadotrophin therapy in combination with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in men with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (HH). Twenty-five azoospermic men were diagnosed with HH due to low FSH, LH and total testosterone concentrations. These patients were treated with human chorionic gonadotrophin for 1 month plus recombinant FSH the following month.

Impact of coasting in patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist cetrorelix.

Coasting is the most popular modality for the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, but this procedure has not been evaluated in patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) with GnRH antagonists. The impact of coasting in a cycle in which GnRH antagonist is used was evaluated in 29 women, and it was found that coasting did not deleteriously affect the outcome in high-responder patients undergoing COH with GnRH antagonists.

Bilateral internal jugular venous thrombosis following successful assisted conception in the absence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

The majority of the venous thromboembolic events seen in patient following gonadotropin administration were associated with the development of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). However, in this case report, a 29-year-old woman that conceived by controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, intracytoplasmic sperm injection and subsequent embryo transfer without conjunction of OHSS was described. Bilateral jugular venous thrombi were detected by duplex Doppler in the 8th week of pregnancy when she was admitted to the emergency room for difficulty in swallowing and bilateral neck pain.