Erratum: A high-salt diet enhances leukocyte adhesion in association with kidney injury in young Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/hr.2017.

A high-salt diet enhances leukocyte adhesion in association with kidney injury in young Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

Salt-sensitive hypertension is associated with severe organ damage. Generating oxygen radicals is an integral component of salt-induced kidney damage, and activated leukocytes are important in oxygen radical biosynthesis. We hypothesized that a high-salt diet causes the upregulation of immune-related mechanisms, thereby contributing to the susceptibility of Dahl salt-sensitive rats to hypertensive kidney damage.

Long-term antihypertensive effects of aliskiren, a direct renin inhibitor, in chronic hemodialysis patients.

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is not necessarily suppressed in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing dialysis. Of all the inhibitors of this system, the clinical efficacy of the renin inhibitor, aliskiren, has not been well demonstrated in dialysis patients. We evaluated the antihypertensive effect of aliskiren, administered as a single daily dose of 150 mg for 24 weeks, in 23 chronic hemodialysis patients (age 65 ± 12 years, 15 men and eight women) with blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg, and assessed the factors relating to blood pressure reduction.

Sodium alginate oligosaccharides attenuate hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats fed a low-salt diet.

We investigated the effects of sodium alginate oligosaccharides (alginate) on the development of spontaneous hypertension in rats. Spontaneous hypertensive rats were treated with alginate for 7 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and cardiovascular and kidney damage were assessed.

Japanese traditional miso soup attenuates salt-induced hypertension and its organ damage in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

Objective: We investigated the effects of long-term miso soup drinking on salt-induced hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl S) rats.

Methods: Dahl S rats were divided into four groups that consumed 1) water, 2) a 0.9% NaCl solution, 3) a 1.

Sodium alginate oligosaccharides attenuate hypertension and associated kidney damage in Dahl salt-sensitive rats fed a high-salt diet.

Objectives: In this article, the antihypertensive effects of sodium alginate oligosaccharides, enzymatic products of high molecular natural alginate from sea weeds, in Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl S) rats were investigated.

Material And Methods: Dahl S rats fed a high-salt (4% NaCl) diet were treated with sodium alginate oligosaccharides (4% or 8% w/w) for 7 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured by the tail-cuff method, and hypertensive cardiovascular benefits and kidney damage were assessed.

Combination of angiotensin II receptor antagonist with calcium channel blocker or diuretic as antihypertensive therapy for patients with chronic kidney disease.

We compared treatment with an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB) and a calcium channel blocker (CCB) combination and a fixed-dose ARB and thiazide diuretic in 18 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. A randomized crossover study was performed using a fixed-dose combination of losartan-hydrochlorothiazide or losartan combined with controlled-release nifedipine. Both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressures (DBPs) were lower during the nifedipine period than during the diuretic period.

Angiotensin-II receptor antagonist combined with calcium channel blocker or diuretic for essential hypertension.

To achieve the target blood pressure recommended by the latest guidelines, multiple antihypertensive drugs are needed in most patients. In this study, the efficacy of treatment using an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB) combined with a calcium channel blocker (CCB) or a diuretic was compared from multiple perspectives in patients with hypertension. Twenty-nine patients with essential hypertension, who had failed to achieve their target blood pressure (<130/85 mm Hg for patients <65 years old and <140/90 mm Hg for those >/=65 years) when treated with the ARB olmesartan at 20 mg day(-1), were additionally given 8-16 mg day(-1) of the CCB azelnidipine or 1-2 mg day(-1) of trichlormethiazide (a thiazide diuretic) in a randomized crossover manner for 4 months each.

Efonidipine reduces proteinuria and plasma aldosterone in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis.

Efonidipine, a dihydropirydine calcium channel blocker, has been shown to dilate the efferent glomerular arterioles as effectively as the afferent arterioles. The present study compared the chronic effects of efonidipine and amlodipine on proteinuria in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. The study subjects were 21 chronic glomerulonephritis patients presenting with spot proteinuria greater than 30 mg/dL and serum creatinine concentrations of View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Benazepril slows progression of renal dysfunction in patients with non-diabetic renal disease.

Aim: The present study examined the effects of benazepril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, on the progression of renal insufficiency in patients with non-diabetic renal disease.

Methods: Fifteen patients with non-diabetic renal disease whose serum creatinine (Cr) ranged from 1.5 to 3.

Estimation of pesticide runoff from paddy fields to rural rivers.

The runoff characteristics of pesticides from paddy fields to rural rivers were investigated over a period of three years in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. High pesticide concentrations were usually observed in rivers during pesticide application periods. In one year, the growth of rice seedlings slowed down after transplantation owing to low temperatures and lack of sunshine, and many farmers delayed herbicide application.

Urinary liver-type fatty acid binding protein as a useful biomarker in chronic kidney disease.

Background: We reported that urinary L-FABP reflected the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study is aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of urinary liver type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) as a biomarker for monitoring CKD.

Methods: Urinary L-FABP was measured using human L-FABP ELISA kit (CMIC.

Urinary excretions of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase predict the development of proteinuria and renal injury in OLETF rats.

Background: Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats genetically develop diabetes which is associated with hypertension. In preliminary studies, urinary excretions of L-PGDS (lipocaline-type prostaglandin D synthase) increase before diabetic nephropathy obviously develops, and this may predict progression of renal injury following diabetes. In the present study, we attempted to define whether urinary excretions of L-PGDS behave as the predictor of development of diabetic nephropathy in OLETF rats.

Clinical evaluation of urinary excretion of liver-type fatty acid-binding protein as a marker for the monitoring of chronic kidney disease: a multicenter trial.

To confirm the clinical usefulness of the measurement of urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) in chronic kidney disease (CKD), we carried out a multicenter trial. Clinical markers were measured in patients with nondiabetic CKD (n = 48) every 1 to 2 months for a year. We divided patients retrospectively into progression (n = 32) and nonprogression (n = 16) groups on the basis of the rate of disease progression, then assessed several clinical markers.

Comparison of once-daily nifedipine controlled-release with twice-daily nifedipine retard in the treatment of essential hypertension.

Aims: Nifedipine is a short-acting calcium antagonist formulated into several different oral preparations, each of which may have different effects on haemodynamics and autonomic nervous function. We compared the effects of nifedipine controlled-release (CR) and nifedipine retard on 24-h blood pressure, heart rate, rate-pressure product, and power spectral measures of heart rate variability in patients with essential hypertension.

Methods: After 4 weeks of a drug-free period, 25 patients were randomized to receive either once-daily treatment with nifedipine CR (20-40 mg daily; 12 patients) or twice-daily treatment with nifedipine retard (20-40 mg daily; 13 patients) for 12 weeks.

Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase in urine in adriamycin-induced nephropathy of mice.

Background/aims: Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS), an enzyme converting prostaglandin H(2) to prostaglandin D(2), occurs particularly in the cardiovascular system. Urinary L-PGDS excretion is increased in diabetes prior to overt proteinuria, suggesting that it is a predictor of renal injury. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that L-PGDS excretion reflects renal injury in primary glomerular diseases using Adriamycin-induced nephropathy in mice.

Inhibition of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme a reductase reduces Th1 development and promotes Th2 development.

Several prospective clinical studies have indicated that hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, statins, prevent cardiovascular events in part through their antiinflammatory properties. Because inflammation is positively and negatively regulated by T helper (Th) 1 cells and Th2 cells, respectively, we examined the effects of statins on the Th polarization in vitro and in vivo. Here we demonstrated that the statins tested, ie, cerivastatin, simvastatin, lovastatin, and atorvastatin, promoted Th2 polarization through both inhibition of Th1 development and augmentation of Th2 development of CD4+ T cells primed in vitro with anti-CD3 antibody and splenic antigen-presenting cells.

[A case of pseudo-Bartter's syndrome induced by long-term ingestion of furosemide delivered orally through health tea].

A 32-year-old woman with a three-year history of muscle weakness and hypokalemia, was admitted to our hospital because of hypokalemic periodic paralysis. Clinical and laboratory findings were consistent with Bartter's syndrome. Although she denied any ingestion of diuretics substantial quantities of furosemide were detected in her urine.

Effects of the anti-platelet aggregation drug dilazep on cognitive function in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

Among the consequences of the increasing prolongation of lifespan is a worldwide increase in the number of cases of dementia or impaired cognition. In the present study, to test the hypothesis that mechanisms independent of high blood pressure are involved in maintaining cognitive function, we assessed the effects of long-term dilazep treatment on cognitive dysfunction in normotensive Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl S) rats fed a low-salt diet, using the standard passive avoidance test. Normotensive Dahl S rats fed a 0.

Runoff characteristics of particulate pesticides in a river from paddy fields.

Runoff characteristics of particulate pesticides from paddy fields have been intensively observed in the Koise River in Japan. The 8 pesticides that are applied to paddy fields were analyzed in both particulate and dissolved forms. The concentrations and the detection frequencies of particulate pesticides were lower than those of dissolved pesticides.

Left ventricular mass relates to average systolic blood pressure, but not loss of circadian blood pressure in stable hemodialysis patients: an ambulatory 48-hour blood pressure study.

Although left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common complication which contributes substantially to high cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in end-stage renal failure, whether changes in blood pressure and alterations of circadian variation of blood pressure occur between the hemodialysis (HD) day and the interdialytic day, and if so, whether they influence the left ventricular mass (LVM) remain unknown. Thirty-five consecutive stable patients who had had a hematocrit value greater than 25% for the previous 6 months, who had been on the same antihypertensive drugs during this period, and who underwent HD 3 times a week were included. Echocardiograms were recorded after HD and then ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was recorded every hour for 48 h.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition Delays Onset of Glucosuria With Regression of Renal Injuries in Genetic Rat Model of Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus.

BACKGROUND: The Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat is a new genetic model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). We investigated whether angiotensin inhibition influences the onset of NIDDM and brings about a regression of renal injury in diabetes mellitus. METHODS AND RESULTS: Six-week-old OLETF rats were treated with the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors imidapril or enalapril for 16 weeks.

Measurement of serum low density lipoprotein-cholesterol in patients with hypertriglycemia.

Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) concentration measured by a homogeneous enzymatic assay was reported to correlate well with the modified beta-quantification assay, especially in samples with high triglyceride (TG) concentration. In this study, we evaluated a homogeneous enzymatic assay, Cholestest-LDL assay system, in hypertriglycemic patient samples, and found that 56% (9/16) of serum samples with intermediate TG concentrations (2.27-4.

Long-term inhibition of renin-angiotensin system sustains memory function in aged Dahl rats.

The Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) rat, a genetic model of salt-induced hypertension in humans, is more likely to develop severe vascular injuries than a rat with spontaneous hypertension. We designed an experiment to scrutinize the effects of renin-angiotensin inhibition on cognitive dysfunction in the aged, normotensive DS with a passive avoidance test. Eighteen months of treatment with a very low dose of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor cilazapril (2.