Delta large-channel endoscopy versus unilateral biportal endoscopy decompressive laminectomy for lumbar spinal stenosis: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Background: Delta large-channel endoscopy and unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) are prominent minimally invasive techniques for treating lumbar spinal stenosis, known for minimal tissue damage, clear visualization, and quick recovery. However, rigorous controlled research comparing these procedures is scarce, necessitating further investigation into their respective complications and long-term effectiveness. This randomized controlled trial aims to compare their perioperative outcomes, focusing on postoperative recovery and complications over time.

Association between dietary patterns and chronic kidney disease in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is prevalent among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The association between dietary patterns and CKD in elderly T2DM patients remains understudied. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and CKD in elderly Chinese patients with T2DM.

Association of pan-immune-inflammatory value with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: findings from NHANES 2017-2020.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) has been proposed as a biomarker for assessing immune status and inflammation. There is currently no evidence regarding the effect of PIV on the risk of MASLD.

Refining breast cancer genetic risk and biology through multi-ancestry fine-mapping analyses of 192 risk regions.

Genome-wide association studies have identified approximately 200 genetic risk loci for breast cancer, but the causal variants and target genes are mostly unknown. We sought to fine-map all known breast cancer risk loci using genome-wide association study data from 172,737 female breast cancer cases and 242,009 controls of African, Asian and European ancestry. We identified 332 independent association signals for breast cancer risk, including 131 signals not reported previously, and for 50 of them, we narrowed the credible causal variants down to a single variant.

A molecular toxicological study to explore potential health risks associated with ultrafine particle exposure in cold and humid indoor environments.

Environmental pollutants including ultrafine particulate matter (UFPs) and adverse meteorological conditions pose significant public health impacts, particularly affecting respiratory health. This study aims to elucidate the synergistic effects of cold-humid conditions and UFPs exposure on respiratory health, utilizing Carbon Black Nanoparticles (CB-NPs) as surrogates for UFPs. Through comprehensive lung function tests, histopathological examinations, and biomarker analyses, this research focuses on the modulation of oxidative stress signaling pathways and NF-κB activation.

LTBP2 silence suppresses glioblastoma proliferation and tumor growth of xenograft tumor mice through modulating JAK2/STAT2 signaling pathway.

Glioblastoma is considered the most malignant central nervous system tumor. This study aimed to investigate effects of latent transforming growth factor-β binding protein-2 (LTBP2) on glioblastoma growth and associated mechanisms. LTBP2 gene transcription in glioblastoma was determined using RT-PCR.

A near-infrared multifunctional fluorescent bio-probe with large stokes shift and high quantum yield for effective determination of heavy metal lead and pesticide glyphosate in vitro and vivo.

Heavy metal contamination and pesticide residues pose significant threats to human health and ecosystems. Despite its broad applications, fluorescence imaging technology often struggles in complex ecological and biological environments due to disadvantages of background autofluorescence and low quantum yield. This study introduced a near-infrared (NIR) multifunctional "off-on-off" isophorone-based fluorescent bio-probe, DHB, characterized by a high fluorescence quantum yield (10.

The highly allo-autopolyploid modern sugarcane genome and very recent allopolyploidization in Saccharum.

Modern sugarcane, a highly allo-autopolyploid organism, has a very complex genome. In the present study, the karyotype and genome architecture of modern sugarcane were investigated, resulting in a genome assembly of 97 chromosomes (8.84 Gb).

Ionizable polymeric micelles (IPMs) for efficient siRNA delivery.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are widely used for nucleic acid delivery but face challenges like limited targeting and accelerated blood clearance (ABC) effect. We design three ionizable oligomers (IOs) that, with polylactide-polyethylene glycol (PLA-PEG), form a potential siRNA delivery system, named Ionizable Polymeric Micelles (IPMs). The siRNA encapsulated IPMs escape from lysosomes upon cellular uptake, and silence the target gene.

Accurate assessment of the three-dimensional shrinkage stress evolution for photopolymerized dental filling materials: Mechano-chemo-thermo-coupled finite element modeling and experimental validation.

Objective: Photopolymerized resin composites are widely used as dental filling materials. However, the shrinkage stress generated during photopolymerization can lead to marginal microcracks and eventual restoration failure. Accurate assessment of the stress evolution in dental restorations, particularly in complex cavity geometries, is critical for improving the performance and longevity of the dental filling materials.

Ellagic acid-protein nano-complex inhibits tumor growth by reducing the intratumor bacteria and inhibiting histamine production.

In recent years, there has been growing interest in understanding the role of bacteria within tumors and their potential as targets for cancer therapy. In this work, we developed an ellagic acid (EA) - endogenous protein (eP) nanocomposite (eP-EA) to target tumors by EPR (enhanced permeability and retention), kill bacteria within tumors to regulate anti-tumor immune responses. The potential mechanism of eP-EA treatment is associated with the reduced abundance and diversity of microorganisms within the tumor, culminating with an altered metabolism within the Tumor microenvironment (TME).

OsNCED5 confers cold stress tolerance through regulating ROS homeostasis in rice.

Cold stress is one of the most serious abiotic stresses that affects the growth and yield in rice. However, the molecular mechanism by which abscisic acid (ABA) regulates plant cold stress tolerance is not yet clear. In this study, we identified a member of the OsNCED (9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase) gene family, OsNCED5, which confers cold stress tolerance in rice.

Near-infrared-II-driven Z-scheme heterojunction Polyglycolated MoS/CoFeO amplified edge potential for dual-mode imaging guided tumor synergistic therapy.

Targeting the peculiarities of tumor tissue microenvironment different from normal tissue, such as lower pH and overexpression of hydrogen peroxide is the key to effective treatment. In this study, acid-responsive Z-scheme heterojunctions polyglycolated MoS/CoFeO (MoS = molybdenum disulfide, CoFeO = cobalt ferrite) was synthesized using a two-step hydrothermal method, designated as MSCO-PEG, guided by dual modes of photoacoustic imagine (PAI) and nuclear magnetic imaging (MRI). MSCO-PEG (PEG = polyethylene glycol) responded to the acidic environment of tumor tissues and overexpression of hydrogen peroxide to turn on multimodal synergistic treatment of tumor cells under near-infrared-II (NIR-II) illumination.

ENO1 promotes PDAC progression by inhibiting CD8 T cell infiltration through upregulating PD-L1 expression via HIF-1α signaling.

Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer. The"Warburg effect", also known as aerobic glycolysis, is an essential part of metabolic reprogramming and a central contributor to cancer progression. Moreover, hypoxia is one of the significant features of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Disentangling Sources of Momentum Fluctuations in Xe+Xe and Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.

Improved Patient-Reported Outcomes With Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide: A Quality-of-Life Evaluation and 2-Year Outcomes of BMT CTN 1703.

The BMT CTN 1703 phase III trial confirmed that graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis with post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy), tacrolimus (Tac), and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) results in superior GVHD-free, relapse-free survival (GRFS) compared with Tac/methotrexate (MTX) prophylaxis. This companion study assesses the effect of these regimens on patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Using the Lee Chronic GVHD Symptom Score and PROMIS subscales (physical function, GI symptoms, social role satisfaction) as primary end points and hemorrhagic cystitis symptoms and Lee subscales as secondary end points, responses from English and Spanish speakers were analyzed at baseline and days 100, 180, and 365 after transplant.

Enhancing Carbon Monoxide Tolerance in Low-Temperature PEM Fuel Cells through Carbon Nitride Surface Modification.

Low-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) reuqire highly pure hydrogen gas due to their extreme sensitivity to carbon monoxide (CO) contamination, which poses a challenge for using cost-effective reformed hydrogen sources. To address this issue, we have developed a surface modification strategy by applying a 0.5-0.

Large-scale multicenter study reveals anticitrullinated SR-A peptide antibody as a biomarker and exacerbator for rheumatoid arthritis.

Current diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is still challenging. More than one-third of patients with RA could not be accurately diagnosed because of lacking biomarkers. Our recent study reported that scavenger receptor-A (SR-A) is a biomarker for RA, especially for anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP)-negative RA.

Enhancing cathode composites with conductive alignment synergy for solid-state batteries.

Enhancing transport and chemomechanical properties in cathode composites is crucial for the performance of solid-state batteries. Our study introduces the filler-aligned structured thick (FAST) electrode, which notably improves mechanical strength and ionic/electronic conductivity in solid composite cathodes. The FAST electrode incorporates vertically aligned nanoconducting carbon nanotubes within an ion-conducting polymer electrolyte, creating a low-tortuosity electron/ion transport path while strengthening the electrode's structure.

Klp2-mediated Rsp1-Mto1 colocalization inhibits microtubule-dependent microtubule assembly in fission yeast.

Microtubule assembly takes place at the centrosome and noncentrosomal microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs). However, the mechanisms controlling the activity of noncentrosomal MTOCs are poorly understood. Here, using the fission yeast as a model organism, we demonstrate that the kinesin-14 motor Klp2 interacts with the J-domain Hsp70/Ssa1 cochaperone Rsp1, an inhibitory factor of microtubule assembly, and that Klp2 is required for the proper localization of Rsp1 to microtubules.

The evolution of cooperation in spatial public goods game with tolerant punishment based on reputation threshold.

Reputation and punishment are significant guidelines for regulating individual behavior in human society, and those with a good reputation are more likely to be imitated by others. In addition, society imposes varying degrees of punishment for behaviors that harm the interests of groups with different reputations. However, conventional pairwise interaction rules and the punishment mechanism overlook this aspect.

Prognostic Implications of Cardiac Geometry in Cirrhosis: Findings From a Large Cohort.

Background And Aims: Cirrhosis is characterised by hyperdynamic circulation, which contributes to cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM). However, the expert consensus on CCM did not initially include cardiac structure because of scant evidence. Therefore, this study investigated the associations of cardiac chamber geometry with mortality and CCM.

Prognostic immune markers in esophageal cancer patients managed with trimodal therapy.

Background: Esophageal cancer (ESC) is an aggressive disease which often presents at an advanced stage. Despite trimodal therapy, 40-50% patients can develop metastatic disease by 18 months. Identification of patients at risk for metastatic spread is challenging with need for improved prognostication.