Colchicine in Cardiac Surgery: The COCS Randomized Clinical Trial.

In patients who underwent cardiac surgery, first-time postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is associated with increased incidence of hospital-acquired complications and mortality. Systemic inflammation is one of confirmed triggers of its development. The anti-inflammatory properties of colchicine can be effective for the POAF prevention.

Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the main pulmonary artery: diagnosis and management.

Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery (ARCA) from the main pulmonary artery (MPA) is a rare congenital anomaly, with only 18 reported cases in the pediatric age group. More than half of these had associated cardiac anomalies that masked the presence of ARCA. Conversely, in many patients with ARCA as an isolated anomaly, the diagnosis has been missed during lifetime.

Pleural drainage after repair of tetralogy of Fallot.

Prolonged pleural effusion after congenital heart surgery results in extended hospitalization. Pleural drainage was evaluated in 39 consecutive patients undergoing repair of tetralogy of Fallot, to identify risk factors for persistent pleural effusion. Duration and amount of drainage was examined by the Kaplan-Meier method and risk factors were evaluated by univariable and multivariable analyses.

Comparative effects of bicarbonate, tris-(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane and dichloroacetate in newborn swine with normoxic lactic acidosis.

A total of 20 newborn piglets age 11.5 +/- 0.3 days and weighing 3.

Effects of acute hypoxemia on responses to dopamine and dobutamine in neonatal swine.

The effects of acute hypoxemia on cardiovascular responses to dopamine (DA) and dobutamine (DB) were studied in 2-4 day (n = 21) and 13-17 day (n = 27) old swine under sodium pentobarbital anesthesia. Sequential 10-min infusions of 2, 5 and 15 mu/kg/min of DA or DB or normal saline were administered under conditions of normoxemia and repeated during hypoxemia. Data are presented as mean percent of baseline value +/- SE.

Comparative effects of bicarbonate and dichloroacetate in newborn swine with hypoxic lactic acidosis.

Unlabelled: Sodium bicarbonate (BC) and dichloroacetate (DCA) were studied in 7- to 14-day-old (n = 25) anesthetized swine with hypoxic acidosis. BC (base deficit X kg X 0.3, n = 10), DCA (300 mg/kg, n = 7) or saline (n = 8) was infused for 1 h.

Young long distance runners. Physiological and psychological characteristics.

This study presents the physiological and psychological characteristics and the running histories of 16 subjects who began long distance running at age 4-12 years. Running duration was 3-15 years (mean 8.4 +/- 3.

Age-related digoxin-verapamil interactions in the adult rat.

We have previously described a method for inducing atrial ectopic tachycardia (AET) in the anesthetized adult rat using digoxin, 30 mg/kg s.c. In this study, we used this model to study digoxin-verapamil interactions in young and older male rats and have found age-related differences in their responses to digoxin alone and to digoxin-verapamil interactions as well.

Dilated cardiomyopathy complicating a case of epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica.

A child with epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica, recessive type (EBDR) developed significant anemia at 9 years of age and was treated with long-term transfusion therapy. At age 17 he had symptoms of congestive heart failure secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy. Treatment with digoxin and vasodilators for the past year has failed to improve his cardiomyopathy significantly.

Acute rheumatic fever in Wisconsin.

Medical records of patients discharged from Children's Hospital of Wisconsin from January 1980 to May 1988 who fulfilled the revised Jones criteria for acute rheumatic fever were reviewed. A total of 13 patients were hospitalized with a first attack of acute rheumatic fever during this period. Migratory polyarthritis was present in 92% of the patients and carditis in 62%.

Bilateral origin of the left anterior descending coronary artery in a young man.

Abnormalities of coronary artery origin from the aorta have been implicated in sudden death in sports among young athletes. We describe an 18-year-old patient who presented with nonspecific chest pain, developed ventricular couplets during recovery from a stress test, and whose coronary angiograms revealed bilateral left anterior descending coronary arteries, an abnormality that has not been previously reported.

Cardiac glycoside toxicity in small laboratory animals.

Cardiac glycosides are frequently administered to laboratory animals for research purposes. The effects achieved depend not only upon the particular glycoside and dose administered, but also upon an entire array of variables from the species of animal to the temperature of the animal housing facility. We review a number of these factors and their influence upon the effects achieved by the administration of cardiac glycosides to laboratory animals.

A model of atrial ectopic tachycardia in the rat.

A model of atrial ectopic tachycardia (AET) in the adult rat is described. Pentobarbital-anesthetized adult male rats given digoxin 30 mg/kg s.c.

Reevaluation of digoxin-encainide interactions using an animal model.

The effects of intravenous encainide on digoxin-induced atrial ectopic tachycardia (AET) were investigated in the rat using 3-channel simultaneous limb-lead electrocardiography. Pentobarbital-anesthetized (35 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) adult male rats were given digoxin subcutaneously, 30 mg/kg. After onset of AET, rats received either saline (0.

Lyme disease presenting as heart block.

Lyme disease is now recognized as an infectious process capable of involving multiple organs including the cardiovascular system. We recently treated a boy whose complaints on admission related only to symptomatic heart block that was severe enough to require transvenous pacing. This boy was subsequently determined to have had Lyme Disease after his medical testing was reevaluated for possible tick exposure.

Mechanisms of digoxin-amiodarone interaction in the rat.

Amiodarone and digoxin are often used in combination and clinical experience suggests that amiodarone may increase serum digoxin levels and toxicity. We have investigated the influence of amiodarone on digoxin pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution in the rat. Forty-nine rats were injected with 10 mg/kg amiodarone sc three times a day for 7 days, while 49 others were injected with saline only.

Chest pain, dyspnea on exertion, and exercise induced asthma in children and adolescents.

Unlabelled: The contribution of maximal exercise tests to the evaluation of 180 patients with chest pain associated with exercise (n = 147) or dyspnea on exertion (DOE, n = 33) was examined. The ages ranged from 5 to 22 (mean 13.2) years, and 68 patients were females.

Age-related responses to stimulation of cardiopulmonary receptors in swine.

Cardiovascular responses to stimulation of cardiopulmonary receptors were evaluated in standard breed developing swine (1-2 days, 1-2 wk, and 2 mo of age) and sexually mature miniswine anesthetized with 0.25-0.50% halothane in O2.

Altered exercise performance and abnormal sympathetic responses to exercise in patients with anorexia nervosa.

We evaluated the cardiovascular and sympathetic responses to exercise in patients with anorexia nervosa to determine whether their bradycardia results from a high level of physical fitness. Twenty adolescent patients with anorexia nervosa underwent maximal exercise tests, and the results were compared with those in 15 age-matched adolescent girls. In the patients with anorexia, maximal values were heart rate 174 +/- 2.

Maturation-related differences in regional circulatory effects of dopamine infusion in swine.

The cardiovascular effects of dopamine (DPA) infusions were evaluated in developing swine, less than or equal to 1 day, 2 weeks, and 2 months of age, anesthetized with halothane in 50% N2O and O2. DPA was given by intravenous infusion in randomized doses of 2, 5, 10 and 20 micrograms/kg/min for 10 min. Depressor responses and bradycardia were observed during 2 micrograms/kg/min in 2-week-olds and during 2, 5 and 10 micrograms/kg/min in 2-month-olds.

Pulmonary sequestration causing congestive heart failure in infancy: a report of two cases and review of the literature.

Congestive heart failure as a presenting symptom in infants with pulmonary sequestration is rare, and the cases of only 3 such patients have been reported. The clinical features, hemodynamics, and management of two additional patients are described. Both were seen in severe congestive heart failure in the absence of any associated cardiac anomalies.