In situ detection of , and cytokines among cardiovascular diseased patients from the Amazon region of Brazil.

Background: Chronic coronary artery disease has been associated, as a consequence of the local inflammatory reaction with previous or persistent infection with , which led to the investigation of the association of cardiovascular disease and previous infection with and the role of cytokine profile (in situ) markers in the vascular system tissues.

Methods: Sixty-nine biopsies were collected for immunohistochemical analysis for the presence of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-γ, TGF-β, and IL-10, in 16 fragments from atheromatous plaques, 32 aorta fragments, and 21 valve fragments, using a tissue microarray technique for paraffin embedded tissues.

Results: Most patients undergoing revascularization surgery were men >50 years, while those undergoing valve replacement were mostly women <50 years.