Glucose metabolism and gray-matter concentration in apolipoprotein E ε4 positive normal subjects.

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 is known as a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study investigated the prevalence of imaging abnormalities suggestive of AD in cognitively normal ApoE ε4 carriers using (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Forty-five cognitive normal ApoE ε4 allele carriers and 45 noncarriers underwent both FDG positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Effect of an age-mismatched and sex-mismatched normal database on the diagnostic performance of ¹⁸F-FDG PET for Alzheimer's disease: the Ishikawa Brain Imaging Study.

Objectives: ¹⁸F-FDG PET with voxel-based statistical image analysis plays an important role in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the effect of an age-matched and sex-matched or mismatched normal database (NDB) on the diagnostic performance of ¹⁸F-FDG PET has not yet been investigated systematically. The aim of this study was to determine whether an age-matched and sex-matched NDB is necessary for the detection of AD using ¹⁸F-FDG PET.

Posterior cingulate atrophy and metabolic decline in early stage Alzheimer's disease.

To test the hypothesis that Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with posterior cingulate/precuneus (PCP) atrophy would be a distinct disease form in view of metabolic decline. Eighty-one AD patients underwent (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Positron emission tomography and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) Z-score maps were generated for the individual patients using age-specific normal databases.

Iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine imaging and carbon-11 hydroxyephedrine positron emission tomography compared in patients with left ventricular dysfunction.

Background: Although both (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine ((123)I-MIBG) imaging and (11)C-hydroxyephedrine ((11)C-HED) positron emission tomography (PET) are used for assessing cardiac sympathetic innervation, their relationship remains unknown. The aims were to determine whether (123)I-MIBG parameters such as heart-to-mediastinum ratio (H/M) are associated with quantitative measures by (11)C-HED PET and to compare image quality, defect size, and location between (123)I-MIBG single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and (11)C-HED PET.

Methods And Results: Twenty-one patients (mean left ventricular ejection fraction, 39 ± 15%) underwent (123)I-MIBG imaging and (11)C-HED PET.

Effect of sample size for normal database on diagnostic performance of brain FDG PET for the detection of Alzheimer's disease using automated image analysis.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the sample size for a normal database (NDB) and diagnostic performance of FDG PET using three-dimensional stereotactic surface projection for the detection of Alzheimer's disease.

Methods: We generated nine NDB sets consisting of 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 normal subjects. In order to assess the diagnostic performance using these NDBs to distinguish Alzheimer's disease patients from normal subjects, we recruited 52 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (25 males, 27 females; mean age, 66.

Comparison of 18F-FDG PET and optimized voxel-based morphometry for detection of Alzheimer's disease: aging effect on diagnostic performance.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to compare optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and (18)F-FDG PET for discrimination between patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy subjects in relation to age.

Methods: The study population consisted of 2 groups; the first group (27 AD patients and 40 control subjects) was used to determine the locations of significant abnormalities for both PET and VBM using statistical parametric mapping, and the second group (34 AD patients and 50 control subjects) was used to compare the diagnostic performance of PET and VBM. In the second group, a z-score map for PET or VBM of each subject was obtained by comparison with the mean and SD of PET or gray-matter MR images of the control subjects.

Partial volume effect-corrected FDG PET and grey matter volume loss in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease.

Purpose: Although( 18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET is an established imaging technique to assess brain glucose utilisation, accurate measurement of tracer concentration is confounded by the presence of partial volume effect (PVE) due to the limited spatial resolution of PET, which is particularly true in atrophic brains such as those encountered in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our aim was to investigate the effects of PVE correction on FDG PET in conjunction with voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in patients with mild AD.

Methods: Thirty-nine AD patients and 73 controls underwent FDG PET and MRI.

Rapid scanning protocol for brain (18)F-FDG PET: a validation study.

Unlabelled: Although (18)F-FDG PET is an established technique to assess brain glucose use, a shorter imaging time is preferable for patient convenience and increased throughput. The aim of this study was to validate a brain (18)F-FDG PET protocol more rapid than the conventional protocol.

Methods: For comparison of normalized metabolic activities, brain (18)F-FDG PET was performed on 60 healthy subjects and 25 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD), and an additional 20 healthy subjects served as a control group to assess diagnostic performance between the conventional and rapid scanning protocols.