Immunohistochemical relationships of huntingtin-associated protein 1 with enteroendocrine cells in the pyloric mucosa of the rat stomach.

Huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) is a neuronal cytoplasmic protein that is predominantly expressed in the brain and spinal cord. In addition to the central nervous system, HAP1 is also expressed in the peripheral organs including endocrine system. Different types of enteroendocrine cells (EEC) are present in the digestive organs.

Relationship Between Step Counts and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Japanese Men.

Background And Purpose: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common subclinical feature of the aging brain. Steps per day may contribute to its prevention. We herein investigated the association between step counts and CSVD in a healthy Japanese male population.

Umpolung of B-H Bonds by Metal-Ligand Cooperation with Cyclopentadienone Iridium Complexes.

In contrast to conventional metal-ligand cooperative cleavage of a B-H bond, which provides a B cation on the ligand and an H anion on the metal, we report herein the umpolung of B-H bonds by novel cyclopentadienone iridium complexes. The B-H bonds of 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (HBpin) and 1,8-naphthalenediaminatoborane (HBdan) were cleaved to give a B anion on the metal and an H cation on the phenolic oxygen atom of the ligand. Mechanistic investigation by DFT calculations revealed that the alkoxycarbonyl-substituted cyclopentadienone ligand facilitated deprotonation from Ir-H after oxidative addition of the B-H bond to give the umpolung product.

Dabigatran vs. Aspirin for Secondary Prevention After Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source - Japanese Subanalysis of the RE-SPECT ESUS Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The international Randomized, Double-Blind, Evaluation in Secondary Stroke Prevention Comparing the EfficaCy and Safety of the Oral Thrombin Inhibitor Dabigatran Etexilate versus Acetylsalicylic Acid in Patients with Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (RE-SPECT ESUS) trial did not demonstrate superiority of dabigatran over aspirin for reduction of recurrent strokes in patients with embolic strokes of undetermined source (ESUS). Based on pre-defined subanalyses, the safety and efficacy of dabigatran vs. aspirin in Japanese patients was assessed.

The role of local radiotherapy following rituximab-containing chemotherapy in patients with transformed indolent B-cell lymphoma.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of local radiotherapy (LRT) in patients with histologic transformation (HT) following rituximab-containing chemotherapy.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed 92 patients with biopsy-confirmed HT undergoing rituximab-containing chemotherapy at our institution between 2003 and 2015.

Results: Of the 36 patients with limited-stage disease at diagnosis of HT, 29 (78%) received LRT.

Expression of huntingtin-associated protein 1 in adult mouse dorsal root ganglia and its neurochemical characterization in reference to sensory neuron subpopulations.

Huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) is a polyglutamine (polyQ) length-dependent interactor with causal agents in several neurodegenerative diseases and has been regarded as a protective factor against neurodegeneration. In normal rodent brain and spinal cord, HAP1 is abundantly expressed in the areas that are spared from neurodegeneration while those areas with little HAP1 are frequent targets of neurodegeneration. We have recently showed that HAP1 is highly expressed in the spinal dorsal horn and may participate in modification/protection of certain sensory functions.

Long-Term Survival after Stroke in 1.4 Million Japanese Population: Shiga Stroke and Heart Attack Registry.

Background And Purpose: Although numerous measures for stroke exist, stroke remains one of the leading causes of death in Japan. In this study, we aimed to determine the long-term survival rate after first-ever stroke using data from a large-scale population-based stroke registry study in Japan.

Methods: Part of the Shiga Stroke and Heart Attack Registry, the Shiga Stroke Registry is an ongoing population-based registry study of stroke, which covers approximately 1.

Coherent Vibration and Femtosecond Dynamics of the Platinum Complex Oligomers upon Intermolecular Bond Formation in the Excited State.

Femtosecond time-resolved absorption and picosecond time-resolved emission measurements were carried out for highly concentrated aqueous solutions of K [Pt(CN) ] to investigate excited-state dynamics of the [Pt(CN) ] oligomers formed with metallophilic interactions. Time-resolved absorption spectra exhibit complicated dynamics that are represented with five time constants. Among them, the 90-ps and 400-ps dynamics were assigned to the S → T intersystem crossing of the trimer and tetramer coexisting in the solution by comparison with the fluorescence decays.

Rapid analysis of 65 pharmaceuticals and 7 personal care products in plasma and whole-body tissue samples of fish using acidic extraction, zirconia-coated silica cleanup, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

The presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in aquatic systems has raised concern about their potential adverse effects on aquatic organisms. Considering the fact that the physiological/biological effects of PPCPs are triggered when their concentrations in the organism exceeds the respective threshold values, it is important to understand the bioconcentration and toxicokinetics of PPCPs in aquatic organisms. In the present study, we developed a convenient analytical method for the determination of 65 pharmaceuticals and 7 personal care products (log K = 0.

Identification of dental implants using deep learning-pilot study.

Background: In some cases, a dentist cannot solve the difficulties a patient has with an implant because the implant system is unknown. Therefore, there is a need for a system for identifying the implant system of a patient from limited data that does not depend on the dentist's knowledge and experience. The purpose of this study was to identify dental implant systems using a deep learning method.

Activation of proprotein convertase in the mouse habenula causes depressive-like behaviors through remodeling of extracellular matrix.

The lateral habenula (LHb) attracts a growing interest as a regulator of monoaminergic activity which were frequently reported to be defective in depression. Here we found that chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LHb associated with mobilization of monocytes and remodeling of extracellular matrix by increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. RNA-seq analysis identified proprotein convertase Pcsk5 as an upstream regulator of MMP activation, with upregulation in LHb neurons of mice with susceptibility to CSDS.

A system for designing removable partial dentures using artificial intelligence. Part 1. Classification of partially edentulous arches using a convolutional neural network.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a method for classifying dental arches using a convolutional neural network (CNN) as the first step in a system for designing removable partial dentures.

Methods: Using 1184 images of dental arches (maxilla: 748 images; mandible: 436 images), arches were classified into four arch types: edentulous, intact dentition, arches with posterior tooth loss, and arches with bounded edentulous space. A CNN method to classify images was developed using Tensorflow and Keras deep learning libraries.

Initial curing characteristics of composite cements under ceramic restorations.

Purpose: To assess the degree of conversion (DC) of dual-curing composite cements when cured through ceramic-veneered zirconia disks.

Methods: Portions of mixed cement, either G-CEM LinkForce (GC), Panavia V5 (Kuraray Noritake) or ResiCEM (Shofu), were placed on the ATR crystal of a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscope (FTIR; iS50, Thermo Scientific) and squeezed to a 100-µm film thickness using a microscopy cover glass. DC (%) of the composite cements applied in self-curing mode was measured in the dark at 37°C.

Expedient Synthetic Identification of a P-Stereogenic Ligand Motif for the Palladium-Catalyzed Preparation of Isotactic Polar Polypropylenes.

The iso-specific statistical copolymerization of unprotected polar monomers with propylene remains a grand challenge in the field of polymer chemistry. Current research is hampered because only a single natural-product-derived dimenthylphosphine-motif is known to allow for the preparation of moderately isotactic polypropylene copolymers. To overcome this structural limitation, we developed time-efficient synthetic methods that facilitate P-donor ligand development.

Aluminum porphyrins with quaternary ammonium halides as catalysts for copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide and CO: metal-ligand cooperative catalysis.

Bifunctional Al porphyrins with quaternary ammonium halides, and , worked as excellent catalysts for the copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide (CHO) and CO at 120 °C. Turnover frequency (TOF) and turnover number (TON) reached 10 000 h and 55 000, respectively, and poly(cyclohexene carbonate) (PCHC) with molecular weight of up to 281 000 was obtained with a catalyst loading of 0.001 mol%.

The effect of different light curing units on Vickers microhardness and degree of conversion of flowable resin composites.

This study aimed to assess the influence of different light curing units (LCUs) on the polymerization of various flowable resin composites. Three LCUs (Optilux 501, Elipar™ DeepCure-L LED and Bluephase20i) and eight flowable resin composites: MI FIL Flow, Estelite Flow Quick, Estelite Universal Flow (medium), Estelite Universal Flow (super low), Beautifil Flow Plus, Clearfil Majesty ES Flow, Filtek Supreme Ultra flowable and TetricEvo Flow were tested. For Vickers microhardness (VHN) test and degree of conversion (DC), specimens were prepared and polymerized for 20 s.

Heavy-Metal-Free Fischer-Tropsch Type Reaction: Sequential Homologation of Alkylborane Using a Combination of CO and Hydrides as Methylene Source.

Carbon homologation reactions occur within the well-known Fischer-Tropsch process, usually mediated by transition metal catalysts at high temperature. Here we report the low-temperature, heavy-metal-free homologation of a carbon chain using CO as a C-source showing for the first time that transition-metal catalysts are not required for Fischer-Tropsch-type reactivity. Reaction of an alkylborane in the presence of either LiHBEt or LiAlH resulted in multiple CO insertion/reduction events to afford elongated chains by more than two methylene (-CH-) units, affording aldehyde products upon oxidative aqueous workup.

Prognostic value of pupil area for all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure.

Aims: The area of the pupil can be used as an indicator of autonomic function. However, the relation between pupil area and prognosis in heart failure (HF) patients remains unclear. This study was performed to examine whether pupil area can be used as a prognostic indicator in patients with HF.

Mineral trioxide aggregate suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine expression via the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells/early growth response 2 pathway in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages.

Aim: To elucidate mechanisms by which mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages.

Methodology: Mineral trioxide aggregate extracts were prepared by immersing set ProRoot MTA in culture medium.

S/N Co-Doped Hollow Carbon Particles for Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts Prepared by Spontaneous Polymerization at Oil-Water Interfaces.

We herein report that sulfur and nitrogen co-doped hollow spherical carbon particles can be applied to oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts prepared by calcination of polydopamine (PDA) hollow particles. The hollow structure of PDA was formed by auto-oxidative interfacial polymerization of dopamine at the oil and water interface of emulsion microdroplets. The PDA was used as the nitrogen source as well as a platform for sulfur-doping.

Optimization of milling condition of composite resin blocks for CAD/CAM to improve surface roughness and flexural strength.

This study aims to elucidate the relationships between the flexural strength and surface topography of composite resin blocks, utilized for the CAD/CAM system, after milling in various step-over amounts. The rectangular specimens were milled from CAD/CAM blocks with step-over amount 0.01, 0.

Quadriceps Strength and Mortality in Older Patients With Heart Failure.

Background: This study was performed to test the hypothesis that low quadriceps isometric strength (QIS) is associated with greater risk of mortality and has the additive prognostic significance to the severity of heart failure (HF) and gait speed in older patients with HF.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed in 1273 patients ≥ 60 years of age with HF (mean age 75 ± 8 years, 59.1% men); all of whom were evaluated during hospitalization for usual gait speed and maximal QIS.

Extraction of urinary cell-free DNA by using triamine-modified silica particles for liquid biopsy.

The presence of approximately 200-bp cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the urine has attracted attention as a biomarker for liquid biopsy. However, it is currently useful only for diagnoses of cancers in which a large amount of cfDNA is excreted in the urine. Therefore, the development of an efficient method for extracting cfDNA existing in small amounts in the urine is essential for diagnosing many other diseases.