Rewiring metabolism for optimised Taxol® precursors production.

has been conveniently used to produce Taxol® anticancer drug early precursors. However, the harmful impact of oxidative stress by the first cytochrome P450-reductase enzymes (CYP725A4-POR) of Taxol® pathway has hampered sufficient progress in yeast. Here, we evolved an oxidative stress-resistant yeast strain with three-fold higher titre of their substrate, taxadiene.

Exploring optimal Taxol® CYP725A4 activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Background: CYP725A4 catalyses the conversion of the first Taxol® precursor, taxadiene, to taxadiene-5α-ol (T5α-ol) and a range of other mono- and di-hydroxylated side products (oxygenated taxanes). Initially known to undergo a radical rebound mechanism, the recent studies have revealed that an intermediate epoxide mediates the formation of the main characterised products of the enzyme, being T5α-ol, 5(12)-oxa-3(11)-cyclotaxane (OCT) and its isomer, 5(11)-oxa-3(11)-cyclotaxane (iso-OCT) as well as taxadienediols. Besides the high side product: main product ratio and the low main product titre, CYP725A4 is also known for its slow enzymatic activity, massively hindering further progress in heterologous production of Taxol® precursors.

Standardization of Synthetic Biology Tools and Assembly Methods for and Emerging Yeast Species.

As redesigning organisms using engineering principles is one of the purposes of synthetic biology (SynBio), the standardization of experimental methods and DNA parts is becoming increasingly a necessity. The synthetic biology community focusing on the engineering of has been in the foreground in this area, conceiving several well-characterized SynBio toolkits widely adopted by the community. In this review, the molecular methods and toolkits developed for are discussed in terms of their contributions to the required standardization efforts.

Redox metabolism for improving whole-cell P450-catalysed terpenoid biosynthesis.

The growing preference for producing cytochrome P450-mediated natural products in microbial systems stems from the challenging nature of the organic chemistry approaches. The P450 enzymes are redox-dependent proteins, through which they source electrons from reducing cofactors to drive their activities. Widely researched in biochemistry, most of the previous studies have extensively utilised expensive cell-free assays to reveal mechanistic insights into P450 functionalities in presence of commercial redox partners.

Enhanced production of taxadiene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Background: Cost-effective production of the highly effective anti-cancer drug, paclitaxel (Taxol), remains limited despite growing global demands. Low yields of the critical taxadiene precursor remains a key bottleneck in microbial production. In this study, the key challenge of poor taxadiene synthase (TASY) solubility in S.

Optimizing the biosynthesis of oxygenated and acetylated Taxol precursors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using advanced bioprocessing strategies.

Taxadien-5α-hydroxylase and taxadien-5α-ol O-acetyltransferase catalyze the oxidation of taxadiene to taxadien-5α-ol and subsequent acetylation to taxadien-5α-yl-acetate in the biosynthesis of the blockbuster anticancer drug, paclitaxel (Taxol®). Despite decades of research, the promiscuous and multispecific CYP725A4 enzyme remains a major bottleneck in microbial biosynthetic pathway development. In this study, an interdisciplinary approach was applied for the construction and optimization of the early pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, across a range of bioreactor scales.

A qualitative exploration of work-related head injury: vulnerability at the intersection of workers' decision making and organizational values.

Background: Work-related head injury is a critical public health issue due to its rising prevalence; the association with profound disruption of workers' lives; and significant economic burdens in terms of medical costs and lost wages. Efforts to understand and prevent these types of injuries have largely been dominated by epidemiological research and safety science, which has focused on identifying risk at the level of the individual worker, population group, or organizational sector. Limited research has focused on the perspectives of the workers, a key stakeholder group for informing understanding of vulnerability to work-related head injury.

Occupational Stress: A Comprehensive Review of the Top 50 Annual and Lifetime Cited Articles.

This study determined the impact and influence of published articles on the field of occupational stress. A transdisciplinary approach was used to identify the 50 work-related stress articles with the most lifetime citations and the 50 work-related stress articles with the highest annual citation rates. Studies were categorized based on their primary focus: (a) etiology, (b) predictor of outcome for which occupational stress is the outcome or predictor of outcome for which occupational stress is an independent variable, (c) management/intervention, (d) theory/model/framework, or (e) methodologies.

The quality of work life of registered nurses in Canada and the United States: a comprehensive literature review.

Background: Workplace environment is related to the physical and psychological well-being, and quality of work life (QWL) for nurses.

Objective: The aim of this paper was to perform a comprehensive literature review on nurses' quality of work life to identify a comprehensive set of QWL predictors for nurses employed in the United States and Canada.

Methods: Using publications from 2004-2014, contributing factors to American and Canadian nurses' QWL were analyzed.

Lost-time illness, injury and disability and its relationship with obesity in the workplace: A comprehensive literature review.

The objective of this study was to conduct a literature review examining predictors of lost-time injury, illness and disability (IID) in the workplace, with a focus on obesity as a predictor, and to evaluate the relationship between obesity and losttime IID. The study objective was also to analyze workplace disability prevention and interventions aimed at encouraging a healthy lifestyle among employees and reducing obesity and IID, as well as to identify research gaps. The search was conducted in several major online databases.

Spinal cord injury: a review of the most-cited publications.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to identify and review the most-cited articles on spinal cord injury (SCI). Citation analyses showcase the relative influence of individual articles in a given field. In addition to distinguishing publications of particular quality and impact and well-developed areas of the literature, citation analyses allow for an understanding of the direction in which a field of research is headed.

Admixture analysis of age at onset in first episode bipolar disorder.

Background: Many studies have used the admixture analysis to separate age-at-onset (AAO) subgroups in bipolar disorder, but none of them examined first episode patients.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of clinical variables on AAO in first episode bipolar patients.

Methods: The admixture analysis was applied to identify the model best fitting the observed AAO distribution of a sample of 194 patients with DSM-IV diagnosis of bipolar disorder and the finite mixture model was applied to assess the effect of clinical covariates on AAO.

Facilitators and barriers to occupational health and safety in small and medium-sized enterprises: a descriptive exploratory study in Ontario, Canada.

Purpose: The purpose of this particular study was to test a newly created instrument in describing the facilitators and barriers to occupational health and safety in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was used to identify the occupational health and safety culture of SMEs in public and private sectors in Ontario.

Results: A total of 153 questionnaires were completed.

An examination of retention factors among registered nurses in Northeastern Ontario, Canada: Nurses intent to stay in their current position.

Background: The purpose of the study was to examine factors related to the retention of registered nurses in northeastern Ontario, Canada.

Objective/method: A cross-sectional survey of registered nurses working in northeastern Ontario, Canada was conducted. Logistic regression analyses were used to consider intent to stay in current employment in relation to the following: 1) demographic factors, and 2) occupation and career satisfaction factors.

Workplace System Factors of Obstetric Nurses in Northeastern Ontario, Canada: Using a Work Disability Prevention Approach.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship nursing personal and workplace system factors (work disability) and work ability index scores in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: A total of 111 registered nurses were randomly selected from the total number of registered nurses on staff in the labor, delivery, recovery, and postpartum areas of four northeastern Ontario hospitals. Using a stratified random design approach, 51 participants were randomly selected in four northeastern Ontario cities.

The Role of the Catechol-o-Methyltransferase (COMT) GeneVal158Met in Aggressive Behavior, a Review of Genetic Studies.

Aggressive behaviors have become a major public health problem, and early-onset aggression can lead to outcomes such as substance abuse, antisocial personality disorder among other issues. In recent years, there has been an increase in research in the molecular and genetic underpinnings of aggressive behavior, and one of the candidate genes codes for the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). COMT is involved in catabolizing catecholamines such as dopamine.

Possible association between the prolactin receptor gene and callous-unemotional traits among aggressive children.

This study examined the possible association between prolactin (PRL) system genes and callous-unemotional (CU) traits in childhood-onset aggression. Two markers for the PRL peptide gene and three markers for the prolactin receptor (PRLR) gene were genotyped. The participants were assessed on the CU subscale using five items from the Antisocial Process Screening Device.

Translating Anxiety-Focused CBT for Youth in a First Nations Context in Northwestern Ontario.

Objective: We sought to evaluate a translation of anxiety-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to a First Nations children's mental health provider in rural Ontario and to enhance our understanding of CBT challenges and adaptations unique to the First Nations context.

Methods: The study was conceptualized as a mixed methods sequential explanatory approach using a quasi-experimental (before and after) design with quantitative and qualitative components. Data were produced in two ways: questionnaires completed by therapists, parents and clients pre- and post-training, and through a focus group with therapists working with First Nations clients.

Erratum to "Obesity as a Possible Risk Factor For Lost-Time Injury In Registered Nurses: A Literature Review" [Saf Health Work 6 (1) (2015) 1-8].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.

Occupational Stress Management and Burnout Interventions in Nursing and Their Implications for Healthy Work Environments: A Literature Review.

This article reports on a literature review of workplace interventions (i.e., creating healthy work environments and improving nurses' quality of work life [QWL]) aimed at managing occupational stress and burnout for nurses.

An examination of retention factors among registered practical nurses in north-eastern Ontario, Canada.

Introduction: Literature from the past two decades has presented an insufficient amount of research conducted on the nursing practice environments of registered practical nurses (RPNs). The objective of this article was to investigate the barriers and facilitators to sustaining the nursing workforce in north-eastern Ontario (NEO), Canada. In particular, retention factors for RPNs were examined.

Translating Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxious Youth to Rural-Community Settings via Tele-Psychiatry.

This study aimed to determine the feasibility of translating cognitive behavioral therapy for anxious youth to rural-community settings via tele-psychiatry training. A 20-week group-supervision training program was delivered to ten different groups from different agencies within Northern Ontario. Each group consisted of four to nine clinicians with child therapy background not specific to CBT (n = 78, 51% social workers, 49% other mental health disciplines).

Obesity as a Possible Risk Factor for Lost-time Injury in Registered Nurses: A Literature Review.

Time-loss injuries are still a major occurrence in Canada, injuring thousands of Canadian workers each year. With obesity rates on the rise across the country, as well as around the world, it is important that the possible effects of obesity in the workplace be fully understood, especially those effects linked to lost-time injuries. The aim of this paper was to evaluate predictors of workplace lost-time injuries and how they may be related to obesity or high body mass index by examining factors associated with lost-time injuries in the health care sector, a well-studied industry with the highest number of reported time loss injuries in Canada.

Age at onset mixture analysis and systematic comparison in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Is the onset heterogeneity dependent on heterogeneous diagnosis?

A major obstacle to the identification of the neurobiological correlates of schizophrenia is the substantial diagnostic heterogeneity of this disorder. Dividing schizophrenia into "early" and "late" subtypes may reduce heterogeneity and facilitate identification of biomarkers related to this disease. Our objective was to assess the presence of different sub-groups in schizophrenia by age at onset analysis.