Accelerated Method for Determining the Fatigue Limit of Trabecular Bone.

This paper presents an experimental method for estimating the fatigue limit of trabecular bone using a single trabecular bone sample, the microstructural parameters of which were determined by microCT. Fatigue tests were carried out using the Locati method, with stepwise increasing load amplitude. The fatigue limits of the trabecular structures were determined experimentally in accordance with Miner's law of fatigue damage accumulation, based on the parameters of the reference S-N curve taken from the literature.

Factors associated with treatment response in chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis at a single center: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: NSAIDs are commonly used as first line therapy in chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) but are not effective for all patients. The objective of this study was to identify clinical variables associated with NSAID monotherapy response versus requiring second-line medication in a single-center cohort of patients with CNO.

Methods: The charts of children with CNO who attended a CNO clinic at a quaternary care center between 1/1/05 and 7/31/21 were retrospectively reviewed.

Blockade of the Platelet-Driven CXCL7-CXCR1/2 Inflammatory Axis Prevents Murine Cerebral Aneurysm Formation and Rupture.

Platelet aggregation is intimately associated with vascular inflammation and is commonly seen on routine histology studies of cerebral aneurysms. Platelets, when activated, have been shown to augment neutrophil response and the pro-inflammatory cascade. Platelet-neutrophil complexes have been found to aggravate atherosclerosis through a positive feedback loop.

Development of an Injectable, ECM-Derivative Embolic for the Treatment of Cerebral Saccular Aneurysms.

Cerebral aneurysms are a source of neurological morbidity and mortality, most often as a result of rupture. The most common approach for treating aneurysms involves endovascular embolization using nonbiodegradable medical devices, such as platinum coils. However, the need for retreatment due to the recanalization of coil-treated aneurysms highlights the importance of exploring alternative solutions.

Illegal Use of Testosterone and Other Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids in the Population of Amateur Athletes in Wrocław, Poland-An Unfavorable Lifestyle Trend in the Population of Men of Reproductive Age.

One factor that may negatively impact male reproductive health is the illegal use of testosterone and anabolic-androgenic steroids. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of testosterone use in recreational athletes, as well as factors associated with its use, and to determine the profile of a person using testosterone. A cross-sectional analysis of data from an anonymous, online questionnaire of men recruited from gyms, randomly selected in Wrocław, Poland, has been performed.

Pharmaceutical Modulation of Intracranial Aneurysm Development and Rupture.

Management of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) is determined by patient age, risk of rupture, and comorbid conditions. While endovascular and microsurgical interventions offer solutions to mitigate the risk of rupture, pharmacological management strategies may complement these approaches or serve as alternatives in appropriate cases. The pathophysiology of IAs allows for the targeting of inflammation to prevent the development and rupture of IAs.

Exploiting thiol-functionalized benzosiloxaboroles for achieving diverse substitution patterns - synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of promising antibacterial agents.

Benzosiloxaboroles are an emerging class of medicinal agents possessing promising antimicrobial activity. Herein, the expedient synthesis of two novel thiol-functionalized benzosiloxaboroles 1e and 2e is reported. The presence of the SH group allowed for diverse structural modifications involving the thiol-Michael addition, oxidation, as well as nucleophilic substitution giving rise to a series of 27 new benzosiloxaboroles containing various polar functional groups, , carbonyl, ester, amide, imide, nitrile, sulfonyl and sulfonamide, and pendant heterocyclic rings.

Use of a dedicated open transcarotid access system for neurovascular disease.

Background: Transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR) is an increasingly popular technique for the management of extracranial carotid stenosis. Its off-label use in the treatment of intracranial neurovascular disease is poorly described. Our objective is to describe the use of a dedicated open transcarotid access system for the treatment of neurovascular pathologies other than extracranial carotid stenosis.

Angiographic evidence of an inadvertent cannulation of the marginal sinus following central line migration: illustrative case.

Background: Central venous catheters (CVCs) play an indispensable role in clinical practice. Catheter malposition and tip migration can lead to severe complications. The authors present a case illustrating the endovascular management of inadvertent marginal sinus cannulation after an internal jugular vein (IJV) catheter tip migration.

Advances in biomarkers for vasospasm - Towards a future blood-based diagnostic test.

Objective: Cerebral vasospasm and the resultant delayed cerebral infarction is a significant source of mortality following aneurysmal SAH. Vasospasm is currently detected using invasive or expensive imaging at regular intervals in patients following SAH, thus posing a risk of complications following the procedure and financial burden on these patients. Currently, there is no blood-based test to detect vasospasm.

Long-read sequencing for fast and robust identification of correct genome-edited alleles: PCR-based and Cas9 capture methods.

Background: Recent developments in CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing tools have facilitated the introduction of precise alleles, including genetic intervals spanning several kilobases, directly into the embryo. However, the introduction of donor templates, via homology directed repair, can be erroneous or incomplete and these techniques often produce mosaic founder animals. Thus, newly generated alleles must be verified at the sequence level across the targeted locus.

Assessing Pediatric Rheumatology Fellow Competence in the Milestone Era: Past, Present, and Future.

Starting in 2015, pediatric rheumatology fellowship training programs were required by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education to assess fellows' academic performance within 21 subcompetencies falling under six competency domains. Each subcompetency had four or five milestone levels describing developmental progression of knowledge and skill acquisition. Milestones were standardized across all pediatric subspecialties.

Serial Neuroendoscopic Lavage for the Treatment of Elevated Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Levels in Infants with Gram-Negative Rod Ventriculitis.

Introduction: Gram-negative rod (GNR) bacterial ventriculitis is a rare complication of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus, often requiring an extended and invasive treatment course. Accumulation of purulent material, as well as empyema and septation formation, limits circulation of antibiotics and infection clearance. Supplementation of standard care with neuroendoscopic-guided intraventricular lavage with lactated Ringer solution and fenestration of septations may facilitate infection clearance and simplify the eventual shunt construct required.

Clopidogrel Is Associated with Reduced Likelihood of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: a Multi-Center Matched Retrospective Analysis.

Maladaptive inflammation underlies the formation and rupture of human intracranial aneurysms. There is a growing body of evidence that anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals may beneficially modulate this process. Clopidogrel (Plavix) is a commonly used irreversible P2Y12 receptor antagonist with anti-inflammatory activity.

Hydrogen ionic conductors and ammonia conversions.

Electrochemical and catalytic conversion to and from ammonia is strongly enhanced by appropriate choice of hydrogen conducting electrolyte or substrate. Here we explore both protonic and hydride ionic conductors in relation to ammonia conversions. Protonic conductors tend to require too high a temperature to achieve sufficient hydrogen flux for ammonia synthesis as thermal decomposition competes strongly.

Bibliometric Analysis of the Top 100 Cited Articles on Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Trigeminal Neuralgia.

 Stereotactic radiosurgical rhizolysis of the trigeminal nerve is an established modality increasingly employed to alleviate the symptoms of refractory trigeminal neuralgia. This study analyzes the academic impact of the top 100 cited articles on the radiosurgical management of trigeminal neuralgia.  The Scopus database was searched for articles containing "radiosurgery" and one or more of "trigeminal neuralgia," "trigeminus neuralgia," and "tic douloureux.

A Future Blood Test to Detect Cerebral Aneurysms.

Intracranial aneurysms are reported to affect 2-5% of the population. Despite advances in the surgical management of this disease, diagnostic technologies have marginally improved and still rely on expensive or invasive imaging procedures. Currently, there is no blood-based test to detect cerebral aneurysm formation or quantify the risk of rupture.

Arachnoid webs causing rostral syrinx due to ball-valve effect: an illustrative report of two cases.

An arachnoid web is a pathological formation of the arachnoid membrane. It is a rare phenomenon but is known to lead to syrinx formation in the spinal cord along with pain and neurological deficits. On imaging, the 'scalpel sign' is pathognomonic for an arachnoid web.

Bioabsorbable, elastomer-coated magnesium alloy coils for treating saccular cerebrovascular aneurysms.

Cerebral aneurysm embolization is a therapeutic approach to prevent rupture and resultant clinical sequelae. Current, non-biodegradable metallic coils (platinum or tungsten) are the first-line choice to secure cerebral aneurysms. However, clinical studies report that up to 17% of aneurysms recur within 1 year after coiling, leading to retreatment and additional surgery.

Bacteria with potential: Improving outcomes through probiotic use following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Obesity impairs the gastrointestinal microbiome (GM) and may promote micronutrient deficiencies. Bariatric surgery (BS), the most efficacious treatment for severe obesity, produces sustained weight loss and improvements in obesity-related comorbidities, but might not fully restore microbial balance. Moreover, BS may result in deleterious consequences that affect weight loss and further intensify post-operative micronutrient deficiencies.

Oxazoline scaffold in synthesis of benzosiloxaboroles and related ring-expanded heterocycles: diverse reactivity, structural peculiarities and antimicrobial activity.

Two isomeric benzosiloxaborole derivatives 3a and 5a bearing fluorine and 4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolin-2-yl substituents attached to the aromatic rings were obtained. Both compounds were prone to hydrolytic cleavage of the oxazoline ring after initial protonation or methylation of the nitrogen atom. The derivative 3c featuring -methylammoniumalkyl ester functionality was successfully subjected to -sulfonylation and -acylation reactions to give respective derivatives which demonstrates its potential for modular synthesis of structurally extended benzosiloxaboroles.

Intraoperative ultrasound evidence of accidental simultaneous cannulation of the common carotid artery and internal jugular vein: illustrative case.

Background: Establishing central venous access is important to provide fluid resuscitation or medications intravenously to patients.

Observations: Although accidental cannulation of the internal carotid artery has been reported in the literature, to our knowledge this report is the first documented intraoperative ultrasound video demonstrating accidental and simultaneous common carotid artery and internal jugular cannulation during central line placement in the internal jugular vein.

Lessons: Ultrasound use minimizes accidental carotid cannulation during central line placement in the internal jugular vein.