Face-controlled chirality induction in octahedral thiacalixarene-based porous coordination cages.

Nanosized chiral octahedral M coordination cages were prepared self-assembly of sulfonylcalix[4]arene tetranuclear M(II) clusters (M = Co or Ni) with enantiomerically enriched linkers based on tris(dipyrrinato)cobalt(III) complexes, appended with peripheral carboxylic groups. Two pairs of enantiomers of cages were obtained and unambiguously characterized from a structural point of view, using single crystal X-ray diffraction. Chiral-HPLC was used to evidence the enantiomers.

Exploring porosity in a flexible 3D organic-inorganic {ZnII3(4DPNDI)[W(CN)]} coordination network.

A 2D cyanido-bridged architecture Zn-[W(CN)] is smoothly pillared by ,'-di-(4-pyridyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxydiimide (4DPNDI) into 3D hybrid porous coordination polymer (PCP) {ZnII3(DMA)[W(CN)](4DPNDI)·8DMA}. It shows significant uptake of HO, MeOH or CHCl vapours with easy regeneration to the native form, and breathing-type CO adsorption contrasting non-porosity towards N, providing a new example of a highly flexible porous material.

Unravelling the Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Tolerance: Enhancement in Hydrophilic Antioxidants and Major Antioxidant Enzymes Is Not Crucial for Long-Term Adaptation to Copper in .

Understanding of the mechanisms of heavy metal tolerance in algae is important for obtaining strains that can be applied in wastewater treatment. Cu is a redox-active metal directly inducing oxidative stress in exposed cells. The Cu-tolerant strain Cu2, obtained via long-term adaptation, displayed increased guaiacol peroxidase activity and contained more lipophilic antioxidants, i.

Switching of magnetic properties by topotactic reaction in a 1D CN-bridged Ni(II)-Nb(IV) system.

Two 1D CN-bridged assemblies: the nearly straight Li[Ni(cyclam)][Nb(CN)]·7.5HO (1) chains and the zigzag-shaped Li[Ni(cyclam)][Nb(CN)]·2HO (2) chains, are obtained in the reaction between [Ni(cyclam)] and [Nb(CN)] in warm concentrated LiCl water solution. Both compounds are composed of alternating bimetallic Ni(II)-Nb(IV) chains and contain incorporated lithium cations, which compensate the negative charge of the coordination skeleton.

Concentrations of Selected Adipocytokines in the Blood Plasma in Proximal Suspensory Desmopathy of Horses, with a Focus on Their Physical Activity-A Pilot Study.

Chronic tendon and ligament diseases are commonly encountered in both athletic humans and animals, especially horses. Distal limb diseases, including suspensory ligament (SL) pathology due to anatomical, histological, and biomechanical properties, can be considered a model for tendon and ligament pathologies in humans. The appropriate selection of therapy is often crucial in optimising the healing process.

The characterization of collagen-based scaffolds modified with phenolic acids for tissue engineering application.

The aim of the experiment was to study the morphology of collagen-based scaffolds modified by caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and gallic acid, their swelling, and degradation rate, as well as the biological properties of scaffolds, such as antioxidant activity, hemo- and cytocompatibility, histological observation, and antibacterial properties. Scaffolds based on collagen with phenolic acid showed higher swelling rate and enzymatic stability compared to scaffolds based on pure collagen, and the radical scavenging activity was in the range 85-91%. All scaffolds were non-hemolytic and compatible with surrounding tissues.

The role of antioxidant response and nonphotochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence in long-term adaptation to Cu-induced stress in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Copper is an essential micronutrient, but at supraoptimal concentrations it is also highly toxic, inducing oxidative stress and disrupting photosynthesis. The aim of the present study was to analyze selected protective mechanisms in strains of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii adapted and not adapted for growth in the presence of elevated copper concentrations. Two algal lines (tolerant and non-tolerant to high Cu concentrations) were used in experiments to study photosynthetic pigment content, peroxidase activity, and non-photochemical quenching.

Molecular Microbiological Characteristics of Gingival Pockets in the Periodontal Diseases of Dogs.

Introduction: Canine periodontitis results among other factors from a disturbed balance of dental plaque microflora and an inadequate host inflammatory response to a stimulus. This investigation sought to identify microorganisms associated with canine periodontitis.

Material And Methods: Microbiological analysis was undertaken of gingival pockets in an experimental group of 36 dogs with periodontal diseases.

Chitosan/Phenolic Compounds Scaffolds for Connective Tissue Regeneration.

Chitosan-based scaffolds modified by gallic acid, ferulic acid, and tannic acid were fabricated. The aim of the experiment was to compare the compatibility of scaffolds based on chitosan with gallic acid, ferulic acid, or tannic acid using the in vivo method. For this purpose, materials were implanted into rabbits in the middle of the latissimus dorsi muscle length.

Modifications of Phytohormone Metabolism Aimed at Stimulation of Plant Growth, Improving Their Productivity and Tolerance to Abiotic and Biotic Stress Factors.

Due to the growing human population, the increase in crop yield is an important challenge for modern agriculture. As abiotic and biotic stresses cause severe losses in agriculture, it is also crucial to obtain varieties that are more tolerant to these factors. In the past, traditional breeding methods were used to obtain new varieties displaying demanded traits.

Crystal Engineering and Photomagnetic Studies of CN-Bridged Coordination Polymers Based on Octacyanidometallates(IV) and [Ni(cyclam)].

A series of new CN-bridged coordination networks of different dimensionality and topology was obtained through the modification of reaction conditions between [Ni(cyclam)] (cyclam = 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) and [W(CN)]. The factors determining the reaction pathway are temperature and addition of the LiCl electrolyte. The products include three negatively charged frameworks incorporating Li guests: the 1D Li[Ni(cyclam)][W(CN)]·6HO () straight chain, the 1D Li[Ni(cyclam)][W(CN)]·2HO () zigzag chain, and the 2D Li[Ni(cyclam)][W(CN)]·24HO () honeycomb-like network, as well as the 3D two-fold interpenetrating [Ni(cyclam)][Ni(CN)][W(CN)]·11HO () network and the 1D [Ni(cyclam)][Ni(CN)]·2HO () chain, which result from partial decomposition of the starting complexes.

Heavy metal-induced stress in eukaryotic algae-mechanisms of heavy metal toxicity and tolerance with particular emphasis on oxidative stress in exposed cells and the role of antioxidant response.

Heavy metals is a collective term describing metals and metalloids with a density higher than 5 g/cm. Some of them are essential micronutrients; others do not play a positive role in living organisms. Increased anthropogenic emissions of heavy metal ions pose a serious threat to water and land ecosystems.

Hepta-coordinated Ni(II) assemblies - structure and magnetic studies.

Two mononuclear complexes [Ni(dapsc)(H2O)2]Cl(NO3)·H2O (1) and [Ni(dapsc)(NCS)2] (2), and a bimetallic CN-bridged trinuclear molecule [NiII(dapsc)(H2O)]2[WIV(CN)8]·11H2O (3) (dapsc = 2,6-diacetylpyridine-bis(semicarbazone)) were synthesised and characterised in terms of structure and magnetic properties. All three compounds contain Ni(ii) ions in a pentagonal bipyramid coordination geometry afforded by the equatorial pentadentate ligand (dapsc) and two O- or N-donating axial ligands. The compounds differ in the relative arrangement of the complexes, intermolecular interactions and distortion from the ideal coordination geometry.

Tuning of magnetic properties of the 2D CN-bridged Ni-Nb framework by incorporation of guest cations of alkali and alkaline earth metals.

The reaction between [Ni(cyclam)]2+ (cyclam = 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) and [Nb(CN)8]4- in concentrated water solutions of different s-block metal salts leads to the formation of 2-dimensional honeycomb-like coordination networks of the formula Mx[Ni(cyclam)]3[Nb(CN)8]2·nH2O (x = 2: M = Li+, Na+; x = 1: M = Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+). The CN-bridged Ni-Nb coordination layers are intersected by channels filled with crystallisation water molecules and guest mono- or di-valent metal cations, which compensate the negative charge of the framework. The structural details and crystal symmetry vary between the networks, depending on the arrangement of the water molecules and the intermolecular interactions enforced by the guest cations.

Antioxidant and Signaling Role of Plastid-Derived Isoprenoid Quinones and Chromanols.

Plant prenyllipids, especially isoprenoid chromanols and quinols, are very efficient low-molecular-weight lipophilic antioxidants, protecting membranes and storage lipids from reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are byproducts of aerobic metabolism that can damage cell components, they are also known to play a role in signaling. Plants are particularly prone to oxidative damage because oxygenic photosynthesis results in O formation in their green tissues.

Unusual Penile Prolapse with an Infectious Background Caused by the Burkholderia cepacia Complex in a Stallion.

Penile prolapse is a disease manifested by an inability to retract the penis into the preputial sheath. It is reported in a variety of animal species, especially in young and intact males. However, penile prolapse in horses is commonly caused by trauma, sexual activity, pseudohermaphroditism, or neurological deficits, and less often by an infectious background.

Octacyanidometallates for multifunctional molecule-based materials.

Octacyanidometallates have been successfully employed in the design of heterometallic coordination systems offering a spectacular range of desired physical properties with great potential for technological applications. The [M(CN)8]n- ions comprise a series of complexes of heavy transition metals in high oxidation states, including NbIV, MoIV/V, WIV/V, and ReV. Since the discovery of the pioneering bimetallic {MnII4[MIV(CN)8]2} and {MnII9[MV(CN)8]6} (M = Mo, W) molecules in 2000, octacyanidometallates were fruitfully explored as precursors for the construction of diverse d-d or d-f coordination clusters and frameworks which could be obtained in the crystalline form under mild synthetic conditions.

The xanthophyll cycle in diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum in response to light stress.

Chosen aspects of the functioning of diadinoxanthin cycle in a model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum grown under low light conditions (LL) and under high light conditions (HL), which cause activation of violaxanthin cycle, were examined. Heterogeneity of the kinetics of diadinoxanthin ↔ diatoxanthin conversions regulated by de-epoxidase/epoxidase enzymes was detected. Three different rates of diadinoxanthin de-epoxidation (τ > 20 min, 5 min > τ > 1.

Relationship Between Neutrophil Activity, Oxidative Stress, Acute Phase Response, and Lameness Grade in Naturally Occurring Acute and Chronic Joint Disorders in Horses.

We hypothesized that in horses with naturally occurring joint disorders, the neutrophil response, acute phase response (APR), and oxidative stress parameters elevated significantly and are markers of increased inflammatory response in these conditions. Therefore, the first aim of the study was to evaluate neutrophil response, oxidative status, and APR. The neutrophil activity was assessed on the basis of elastase, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and alkaline phosphatase release, whereas free radical generation was assessed on the basis of nitric oxide and superoxide production.

The inhibitor-evoked shortage of tocopherol and plastoquinol is compensated by other antioxidant mechanisms in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exposed to toxic concentrations of cadmium and chromium ions.

One of the major mechanisms of heavy metal toxicity is the induction of oxidative stress. Redox-active heavy metals, like chromium, can induce it directly, whereas redox-inactive metals, like cadmium, play an indirect role in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Living organisms defend themselves against oxidative stress taking advantage of low-molecular-weight antioxidants and ROS-detoxifying enzymes.

Proton-Conducting Humidity-Sensitive Ni-Nb Magnetic Coordination Network.

The 2D coordination network (NH)[Ni(cyclam)][Nb(CN)]·21HO () was obtained on a cation-assisted synthetic pathway. The reaction between [Ni(cyclam)] and [Nb(CN)] in the presence of excess of NHCl resulted in the formation of negatively charged coordination layers with the simultaneous incorporation of the NH cations into the microporous channels of the structure. network can be partly dehydrated in a single-crystal-to-single-crystal structural transformation to give (NH)[Ni(cyclam)][Nb(CN)]·14HO ().

The Use of Allogenic Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF) Cells in Degenerative Joint Disease of the Spine in Dogs.

Background/aim: Stem cells are widely used in regenerative medicine and in clinical practice for the treatment of damaged nerve tissue, myocytes, tendons, and ligaments. The aim of the study was to monitor VEGF levels after the administration of allogenic cellular material (SVF) in the course of treatment of dogs suffering from degenerative joint disease in the spinal region.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted on 10 dogs of both genders, aged between 6 and 13 years in which allogenic stromal vascular fraction of stem cells (SVF) was administered intravenously.

Practical aspects of the measurements of non-photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching in green microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using Open FluorCam.

Methods of chlorophyll fluorescence measurements are widely used in the research on photosynthesis and ecophysiology of plants and algae. Among them, a very popular technique is pulse-amplitude-modulation (PAM) flourometry, which is simple to carry out, fast and non-invasive. However, this method is also prone to generate artifacts if the experiments were not planned and executed properly.