Effect of night smoking, sleep disturbance, and their co-occurrence on smoking outcomes.

Recent evidence suggests that smoking during the night is an indicator of nicotine dependence and predicts smoking cessation failure. Night smokers are likely to experience disturbance to their sleep cycle when they wake to smoke, but we are not aware of the prevalence of night smokers' self-reported sleep disturbance. Because sleep disturbance also predicts smoking cessation failure, we examined how the pre-cessation risk factors of night smoking and sleep disturbance, and their co-occurrence, predict smoking cessation failure in a 6-week double-blind randomized controlled trial examining whether naltrexone augments the efficacy of the nicotine patch (O'Malley et al.

Retrospective evaluation of adjunctive doxorubicin for the treatment of feline mammary gland adenocarcinoma: 67 cases.

Medical records for 67 cats with histologically confirmed mammary gland adenocarcinomas treated with adjunctive doxorubicin from June 1994 through December 2002 were reviewed. Data were examined to evaluate factors influencing disease-free interval (DFI) and survival time. The Kaplan-Meier median survival time of cats that received surgery and doxorubicin was 448 days.

Evaluation of intracavitary mitoxantrone and carboplatin for treatment of carcinomatosis, sarcomatosis and mesothelioma, with or without malignant effusions: A retrospective analysis of 12 cases (1997-2002)*.

Abstract Carcinomatosis, sarcomatosis and mesothelioma, with or without malignant effusions, are difficult to treat and generally carry a poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was two-fold; first, to determine the prognosis for dogs with carcinomatosis, sarcomatosis, or mesothelioma, with or without malignant effusions; second, to evaluate the safety and efficacy of treatment with intracavitary (IC) carboplatin and mitoxantrone in dogs with these syndromes. Nineteen dogs were evaluated.

Principles of treatment for vaccine-associated sarcomas.

In the last decade, there has been a great deal of information surrounding the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of feline vaccine-associated sarcomas. The presence of a mass in areas used for subcutaneous or intramuscular injections should alert the clinician to the possibility of a vaccine-associated sarcoma. Early detection and subsequent treatment is paramount to limit local invasion and distant metastasis.

Principles of treatment for mammary gland tumors.

The mammary glands are frequent locations for the development of tumors. In the dog and cat, early detection and rapid therapy are necessary to prevent both local and distant metastasis. In the dog, this disease can have a range of biologic behaviors, whereas in the cat it is almost always an extremely aggressive disease.

The breathing bear: an intervention for crying babies and their mothers.

The Breathing Bear, an optional source of rhythmic stimulation for infants, was investigated for its effects on full-term infants and their mothers. The Bear "breathes" like a normal infant at a rate matching the infant's. Previous studies have indicated that premature infants prefer a Breathing Bear over a Non-Breathing Bear, and they show neurobehavioral benefits from the exposure.

Stability of temperament over the childhood years.

Temperament of 55 children was assessed annually using separate instruments for the years 4-7 and 8-11. Mothers made differential ratings of siblings, and the two questionnaires showed continuity and stability. There were consistently significant correlations with respect to individual differences over the full range of ages, and no evidence of variation across age or developmental change.

Sleep patterns in newborns and temperament at eight months: a preliminary study.

The sleep patterns of 41 full-term newborn infants were recorded continuously during the first 2 postnatal days. The recordings were made nonintrusively using the Motility Monitoring System while the infants were in the hospital. When the subjects were 8 months old, their mothers filled out the Infant Temperament Questionnaire, which yields scores on nine dimensions of temperament.