Effects of dynamic elastomeric fabric orthoses in children with cerebral palsy: A single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: The dynamic elastomeric fabric orthoses (DEFOs) are made of neoprene material, providing the right biomechanical alignment and afferent input in the trunk, pelvis, and extremities, potentially allowing individuals to actively participate in daily life.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of DEFOs applied to the lower trunk and pelvis, on balance, gait parameters, and pelvic symmetry in children with cerebral palsy (CP).

Study Design: An evaluator-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Cost-effective and simple flow cytometry quantification of receptor-mediated autophagy using fluorescent tagging.

Mitophagy, a selective clearance of damaged or superfluous mitochondria via autophagy machinery and lysosomal degradation, is an evolutionarily conserved process essential for various physiological functions, including cellular differentiation and immune responses. Defects in mitophagy are implicated in numerous human diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and metabolic conditions. Despite significant advancements in mitophagy research over recent decades, novel and robust methodologies are necessary to elucidate its molecular mechanisms comprehensively.

Feasibility and safety of autologous cord blood derived cell administration in extremely preterm infants: a single-centre, open-label, single-arm, phase I trial (CORD-SaFe study).

Background: Evidence from preclinical studies in small and large animal models has shown neuroprotective effects of intravenous administration of umbilical cord blood derived cells (UCBCs). This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of umbilical cord blood (UCB) collection, extraction of UCBCs, and subsequent safety of intravenous autologous administration of UCBCs in extremely preterm infants (born <28 weeks gestation).

Methods: A single-centre, open-label, single-arm, safety and feasibility clinical intervention trial was conducted at Monash Medical Centre and Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.

The Best Start Trial: A randomised controlled trial of ultra-early parent-administered physiotherapy for infants at high risk of cerebral palsy or motor delay.

Background: It is unknown whether ultra-early physiotherapy commenced during neonatal intensive care unit admission is of value for optimising developmental outcomes in preterm/term infants at high-risk of cerebral palsy or motor-delay.

Aims: To determine whether ultra-early parent-administered physiotherapy to preterm/term high- risk infants commenced at earliest from 34-weeks post menstrual age, improves motor outcomes at 16-weeks corrected age (CA) compared to usual care.

Methods: Single-blind randomised controlled pilot study with 30 infant participants.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of perinatal stroke in Australia: Population-based longitudinal study.

Aim: Perinatal stroke is one of the main causes of hemiplegia and seizure disorder. This study aimed to analyse the clinical characteristics and outcomes of perinatal stroke in a cohort of Australian children for its early detection.

Methods: A population-based prospective longitudinal study on perinatal stroke up to 2 years of age, was conducted from 2017 to 2019.

Pantoprazole and riluzole target H/K-ATPases and pH-sensitive K channels in pancreatic cancer cells.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains the most lethal cancer type. PDAC is characterized by fibrotic, hypoxic, and presumably acidic tumor microenvironment (TME). Acidic TME is an important player in tumor development, progression, aggressiveness, and chemoresistance.

PD-L1 expression in testicular germ cell tumors undergoing spontaneous regression.

Spontaneous regression of testicular germ cell tumors is a well-known phenomenon; however, the precise mechanisms of spontaneous regression are still unknown. Our study aimed to investigate programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in spontaneously regressed testicular germ cell tumors, exploring the link between the immune response and spontaneous regression. From a sample of 356 testicular germ cell tumors, we singled out 5 completely regressed and 6 partially regressed tumors.

Exploring early life social and executive function development in infants and risk for autism: a prospective cohort study protocol of NICU graduates and infants at risk for cerebral palsy.

Background: Delays in early social and executive function are predictive of later developmental delays and eventual neurodevelopmental diagnoses. There is limited research examining such markers in the first year of life. High-risk infant groups commonly present with a range of neurodevelopmental challenges, including social and executive function delays, and show higher rates of autism diagnoses later in life.

Gastrostomy Tubes: Indications, Types, and Care.

Gastrostomy tube insertion has become a more common practice in pediatric patients. An increasing number of children both in health-care facilities and at home are relying on temporary or long-term enteral feeding. Gastrostomy tube placement can be accomplished by various methods and by a variety of specialists.

The critical need to accelerate cerebral palsy research with consumer engagement, global networks, and adaptive designs.

The prevalence of cerebral palsy (CP) varies globally, with higher rates and burden of disease in low- and middle-income countries. CP is a lifelong condition with no cure, presenting diverse challenges such as motor impairment, epilepsy, and mental health disorders. Research progress has been made but more is needed, especially given consumer demands for faster advancements and improvements in the scientific evidence base for interventions.

Extreme Serum Titanium Concentration Induced by Acetabular Cup Failure: Unveiling a Unique Scenario of Titanium Alloy Debris Accumulation.

The majority of contemporary total hip arthroplasty (THA) implants are constructed from Ti alloys, which are generally believed to generate fewer adverse local tissue reactions (ALTRs) compared to CoCr alloys. This study presents a case of unusual primary THA failure where a substantial release of Ti alloy debris was observed. A 52-year-old active male underwent THA after post-traumatic aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in 2006.

Efficacy of Early Intervention for Infants With Cerebral Palsy in an LMIC: An RCT.

Objective: To test efficacy of a parent-delivered multidomain early intervention (Learning through Everyday Activities with Parents [LEAP-CP]) for infants with cerebral palsy (CP) compared with equal-dose of health advice (HA), on (1) infant development; and (2) caregiver mental health. It was hypothesized that infants receiving LEAP-CP would have better motor function, and caregivers better mental health.

Methods: This was a multisite single-blind randomized control trial of infants aged 12 to 40 weeks corrected age (CA) at risk for CP (General Movements or Hammersmith Infant Neurologic Examination).

Imaging of extracellular and intracellular ATP in pancreatic beta cells reveals correlation between glucose metabolism and purinergic signalling.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a universal energy molecule and yet cells release it and extracellular ATP is an important signalling molecule between cells. Monitoring of ATP levels outside of cells is important for our understanding of physiological and pathophysiological processes in cells/tissues. Here, we focus on pancreatic beta cells (INS-1E) and test the hypothesis that there is an association between intra- and extracellular ATP levels which depends on glucose provision.

The Knowledge Translation of Early Cerebral Palsy (KiTE CP) Study: Implementing Screening Among a High-Risk Prospective Cohort of Australian Infants.

Objective: To describe the implementation of the international guidelines for the early diagnosis of cerebral palsy (CP) and engagement in the screening process in an Australian cohort of infants with neonatal risk factors for CP.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study of infants with neonatal risk factors recruited at <6 months corrected age from 11 sites in the states of Victoria, New South Wales, and Queensland, Australia. First, we implemented a multimodal knowledge translation strategy including barrier identification, technology integration, and special interest groups.