Implantable direct current spinal fusion stimulators do not decrease implant-related infections in a rabbit model.

Electrical current detaches bacterial biofilm from implanted instrumentation. Hypothetically, this can decrease implant-related infection and allow retention of instrumentation in cases of postoperative wound infections. We conducted a prospective animal study to investigate whether a 60-μAmp implantable direct current (DC) fusion stimulator decreases implant-related infection rates in a multilevel fixed-implant postoperative spinal wound infection model in rabbits.

[Extensive purpura and septic schock in two patients with Capnocytophaga canimorsus].

Introduction: Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a Gram negative bacillus present in oral flora and in saliva of dogs and cats. It can be responsible for septicaemia and meningitides in some patients after dog or cat bite two patient with a septic shock due to C. canimorsus, who presented with an extensive pupura are reported.

Comparison of the prevalence of alcohol, cannabis and other drugs between 900 injured drivers and 900 control subjects: results of a French collaborative study.

A collaborative case-control study was conducted in France in order to determine the prevalence of alcohol, cannabinoids, opiates, cocaine metabolites, amphetamines and therapeutic psychoactive drugs in blood samples from drivers injured in road accidents and to compare these values with those of a control population. Recruitment was performed in emergency departments of six university or general hospitals and comprised 900 drivers involved in a non-fatal accident and 900 patients (controls) who attended the same emergency units for a non-traumatic reason. Drivers and controls were matched by sex and age.

[Cytomegalovirus cystitis and AIDS. The value of deep bladder biopsy. Apropos of a case].

In the light of a case of CMV cystitis in an HIV 1-sero-positive patient suffering from disabling bladder pain, refractory to the usual treatments, the authors describe the mechanism of infection, the diagnostic approach, and especially the value of deep bladder biopsies by resection, as the endoscopic appearance is not pathognomonic and CMV was only detected in the deep muscle layer.

Pharmacokinetics of pyrazinamide and its metabolites in healthy subjects.

The plasma and urine pharmacokinetic parameters of pyrazinamide and of its metabolites (pyrazinoic acid, 5-hydroxy-pyrazinamide, 5-hydroxy-pyrazinoic acid and pyrazinuric acid) have been studied after a single oral dose of pyrazinamide 27 mg.kg-1 in 9 healthy subjects. Pyrazinamide was rapidly absorbed (tmax less than or equal to 1 h) and showed a short distribution phase followed by an elimination phase of t1/2 beta = 9.

Haemodialysis of pyrazinamide in uraemic patients.

The pharmacokinetics of PZA during haemodialysis were determined in 6 patients with chronic renal impairment after a single oral dose of 25.7 (1.9) mg.

[Determination of plasma ethambutol with liquid chromatography and ultraviolet spectrophotometry].

The method presented here is based on the ability of ethambutol to give chelates with divalent cationic metals. With copper salts, the chelate presents a characteristic ultraviolet absorbance at 270 nm, making it possible to titrate ethambutol extracted from plasma with chloroform in alkaline medium. The column which was used contained silica (LiChrosorb Si 60, 5 microns) and the mobile phase was a mixture of equal parts of water and acetonitrile, containing copper sulphate and ammonia.

[Influence of idrocilamide on the metabolism of theophylline].

The pharmacokinetics of theophylline as a sirup (5 or 6 mg . kg-1 bodyweight) were studied in 6 volunteers before and after association with idrocilamide. The results showed an increase in theophylline half-life, a decrease in clearance and a slight decrease in volume of distribution.

[Microanalysis of plasma isoniazid and acetylisoniazid by high performance liquid chromatography].

A method for the analysis of isoniazid and acetylisoniazid in plasma or serum has been developed. This report describes a simple, quick and economically optimized reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic assay using a small sample size without solvent extraction step. Isoniazid was condensed with cinnamic aldehyde after trichloroacetic acid deproteinisation.

[Clinical and bacteriological evaluation of sisomicin in sixteen cases of severe bronchopulmonary infection (author's transl)].

Sisomicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, was used as sole bactericidal therapy in sixteen cases of severe bronchopulmonary infection for an average of 11,5 days (range 7 to 14) with a dose of 3,5 mg/kg per day in three intramuscular injections. Fifteen of these hospitalized patients presented with chronic airway obstruction which resulted in lowered O2 saturation (SaO2 congruent to 86,1%, range 74 to 93) and, in twelve patients, hypercapnia (PaCO2 = 55,7 torr, range 33--73). Two of these patients were under continuous assisted ventilation.

[Immediate effects and conditions of effectiveness of a session of mechanical assisted ventilation (M.A.V.) in severe respiratory insufficiency (PaCO2 greater than 50 mmHg) out of intensive care conditions (author's transl)].

Effectiveness and haemodynamic tolerance of M.A.V.

[Elements to be taken into consideration in the establishment and supervision of respiratory rehabilitation programs].

For a good respiratory re-education, the handicap must be analyzed together with its causes and mechanisms, in relation with the patient's social environment, his age and profession. The handicapping factors should be analyzed in a medico-social (pollution, weather) and medical context by detecting the affection involved and the functional analysis. The latter is deduced from the clinical signs and measurements defining the functional syndrome justifying an appropriate treatment.