Macrophage Activation Syndrome in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematous Triggered by Tuberculous Meningitis.

Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), is characterized by systemic uncontrolled inflammation resulting from immune dysregulation secondary to various triggers, including genetics, infections, autoimmune diseases, and malignancies. Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is an immune dysregulation phenomenon, in which an underlying rheumatological disease is present. We report a rare, interesting case of a middle-aged female, with a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flare complicated by macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), in which tuberculous meningitis (TBM) was the identified trigger.