Mirabegron, dependent on β3-adrenergic receptor, alleviates mercuric chloride-induced kidney injury by reversing the impact on the inflammatory network, M1/M2 macrophages, and claudin-2.

The β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) agonism mirabegron is used to treat overactive urinary bladder syndrome; however, its role against acute kidney injury (AKI) is not unveiled, hence, we aim to repurpose mirabegron in the treatment of mercuric chloride (HgCl)-induced AKI. Rats were allocated into normal, normal + mirabegron, HgCl untreated, HgCl + mirabegron, and HgCl + the β3-AR blocker SR59230A + mirabegron. The latter increased the mRNA of β3-AR and miR-127 besides downregulating NF-κB p65 protein expression and the contents of its downstream targets iNOS, IL-4, -13, and -17 but increased that of IL-10 to attest its anti-inflammatory capacity.

A comparative study to optimize experimental conditions of pentylenetetrazol and pilocarpine-induced epilepsy in zebrafish larvae.

A common way to investigate epilepsy and the effect of antiepileptic pharmaceuticals is to analyze the movement patterns of zebrafish larvae treated with different convulsants like pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), pilocarpine, etc. Many articles have been written on this topic, but the research methods and exact settings are not sufficiently defined in most. Here we designed and executed a series of experiments to optimize and standardize the zebrafish epilepsy model.

Anandamide modulates WNT-5A/BCL-2, IP3/NFATc1, and HMGB1/NF-κB trajectories to protect against mercuric chloride-induced acute kidney injury.

Endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) has a physiological role in regulating renal blood flow, whereas its analogs ameliorated renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Nonetheless, the role of AEA against mercuric chloride (HgCl)-induced renal toxicity has not been unraveled. Rats were allocated into control, HgCl, and HgCl/AEA treated groups.

Not Every Fat-Containing Lesion on Mammogram is a Benign Finding: Case Report and Review of Breast Malignant Phyllodes Tumor with Heterologous Liposarcomatous Differentiation.

Phyllodes tumors (PTs) are a rare fibroepithelial tumor of the breast. Histopathological confirmation of stromal and epithelial component is required for making the diagnosis of PT, and stromal component carries an increased risk of sarcomatous transformation. We present imaging findings of a histologically proven case of malignant PT with heterologous liposarcomatous transformation of the breast.

Nontraumatic emergencies of inflammatory paranasal sinus disease.

Inflammatory disease of the paranasal sinuses is extremely common and the course is often innocuous. However, when extrasinus spread of disease occurs life-threatening complications can arise. Intraorbital and intracranial involvement can progress rapidly either by hematogenous spread or in the case of fungal sinusitis via angioinvasion.