Nitroxidative stress in human neural progenitor cells: In situ measurement of nitric oxide/peroxynitrite imbalance using metalloporphyrin nanosensors.

Nitric oxide (NO) is an essential inorganic signaling molecule produced by constitutive NO synthase (cNOS) in the neurological system. Under pathological conditions, NO rapidly reacts with superoxide (O) to generate peroxynitrite (ONOO). Elevated ONOO concentrations induce nitroxidative stress, potentially contributing to numerous pathological processes as observed in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Using Metalloporphyrin Nanosensors for Monitoring and Measurement of Nitric Oxide and Peroxynitrite in a Single Human Neural Progenitor Cell.

Nitric oxide (NO) is an inorganic signaling molecule that plays a crucial role in the regulation of numerous physiological functions. An oxidation product of the cytoprotective NO is cytotoxic peroxynitrite (ONOO). In biological systems, the concentrations of NO and ONOO are typically transient, ranging from nanomolar to micromolar, and these increases are normally followed by a swift return to their basal levels due to their short life spans.

Variable Growth and Characterizations of Monolayer-Protected Gold Nanoparticles Based on Molar Ratio of Gold and Capping Ligands.

Controlling the size of nanoscale entities is important because many properties of nanomaterials are directly related to the size of the particles. Gold nanoparticles represent classic materials and are of particular interest due to their potential application in a variety of fields. In this study, hexanethiol-capped gold nanoparticles are synthesized via the Brust-Schiffrin method.