Evidence Relating to Environmental Noise Exposure and Annoyance, Sleep Disturbance, Cardio-Vascular and Metabolic Health Outcomes in the Context of IGCB (N): A Scoping Review of New Evidence.

WHO published the Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region in 2018, based on seven systematic reviews including studies published between 2000 and 2014. Since then, new studies were published. At the request of the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), a review on annoyance, sleep disturbance, cardiovascular and metabolic effects in relation to environmental noise was prepared.

Intraluminal irradiation for the palliation of lung cancer with the high dose rate micro-Selectron.

Fifty patients with inoperable, symptomatic endobronchial carcinoma were treated by a single exposure of intraluminal radiotherapy. A high dose rate afterloading system (the micro-Selectron-HDR) was used to minimise radiation exposure for staff. Haemoptysis was relieved in 24 of 28 patients, breathlessness in 21 of 33 patients, and cough in nine of 18 patients.

Geometry adopted by Manchester radium applicators and Selectron afterloading applicators in intracavitary treatment for carcinoma cervix uteri.

Twenty-eight patients with early-stage carcinoma of the uterine cervix were treated using one standard Manchester radium application and one afterloading Selectron application. In each case, radiographs were analysed to determine differences in geometry of applicators relative to each other, or to the bony pelvis. During the Selectron treatment the applicators lay significantly more anterior in the pelvis, with a reduced angulation between the axes of the uterus and the vagina.

Bladder base dosage in patients undergoing intracavitary therapy.

The maximum dose rate being delivered to the base of the bladder during intracavitary therapy was assessed in 20 patients by CAT scanning during treatment. This value was compared with the I.C.

Cost benefit analysis of radiological protection: a case study of remote after-loading in gynaecological radiotherapy.

The ICRP system of dose limitation requires radiation exposures to be kept "as low as reasonably achievable" (ALARA). The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) advocates a form of cost benefit analysis for this purpose, in which a comparison is made between the costs of protective measures and the benefits of reduced radiation exposure. In the UK, the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) has been developing a framework for the practical application of cost benefit techniques to aid the evaluation of investments in radiological protection.

The use of Selectron afterloading equipment to simulate and extend the Manchester System for intracavitary therapy of the cervix uteri.

When Selectron afterloading machines were introduced in the Christie Hospital the first aim was to reproduce, as closely as possible, the isodose distributions achieved with the traditional Manchester Radium System. This resulted in the establishment of standard pellet loading patterns, and standard treatment times, for programming the Selectron channels. However, the availability of whole-body CT scanning facilities provides a method of accurately locating the source positions with respect to the local anatomy and hence the possibility of dosage control based on doses to specific pelvic structures.