Survival of microorganisms during two-year exposure in outer space near the ISS.

Results of an experiment named "Test" on survival and variability of microorganisms in open space near the International Space Station are presented. It was found after two-years exposure, spore-forming bacteria of the species Bacillus subtilis, fungi of the species Aureobasidium pullulans and archaea of the species Methanosarcina mazei S-6, deposited on cotton wool, are able to survive, and their numbers decreased equally, regardless of whether the microorganisms belong to different taxonomic groups. The main factors for the long-term survival could be the result of their dehydration and partial lyophilization in the vacuum of near-Earth space.

[Treatment of patients with chronic nonspecific lumbalgia with various pain triggers].

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of complex therapy in patients with chronic nonspecific lumbalgia associated with various pain triggers.

Material And Methods: There were 121 patients with chronic nonspecific lumbalgia (average duration of pain 8.0±5.

Characteristics of blood plasma proteome changes associated with the hemorrhagic purpura of cosmonauts on the first day after long-term space missions.

The interest in the role of the gravitational factor during landing after long-term space flights (SF) leads to the search for various innovative approaches to assessing the compliance of external changes observed by clinicians. The results of special research methods such as Omics technologies that may reflect physiological responses to the conditions created during landing are of great interest. Our purpose is to compare the blood plasma proteome changes associated with the trauma and endothelial dysfunction processes prior to launch and on the day of landing, as well as the groups of cosmonauts with and without the secondary hemorrhagic purpura.

Relationship of collagen as the component of the extracellular matrix with the mechanisms of autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system under simulated conditions of long-term isolation.

The study of proteins - potential markers, associated signal transduction pathways, and their targets - provides a new understanding of the fundamental mechanisms occurring at the level of regulatory processes in the cardiovascular system (CVS), especially in space flight, as well as in model experiments that reproduce its individual effects on the human body. The article presents the results of studies in an experiment with 120-day isolation within the framework of the SIRIUS project in which 6 volunteers aged 28 to 44 years (three men and three women) participated. SIRIUS (Scientific International Research in Unique Terrestrial Station) is the international research project, which studies the issues of biomedical and psychological support of long-term manned space flights.

[Age features of heart rate variability in cosmonauts according to urine proteomics data.].

As the life of the International Space Station (ISS) is lengthening, Russian crews are dominated by cosmonauts over 40 years of age who have repeatedly made a space flight (SF) and have a long stay on the ISS. In order to study the age-related features of the regulation of heart rate variability (HRV) in cosmonauts, based on proteomics data, we analyzed simultaneously the obtained data on the proteomic composition of urine samples and electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters, followed by an analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) in cosmonauts in the age group of 46,5±3,4 (n=12). The survey was carried out in the period of preparation for the next flight.

[State of corneal nerve fibers in systemic amyloidosis].

Unlabelled: The term systemic amyloidosis unites a group of diseases with a single pathogenetic mechanism involving diffuse deposition of a pathological fibrillar protein (amyloid) in the intercellular space of various organs. Among the systemic forms of amyloidosis, light chain amyloidosis (AL-amyloidosis) occurs most often in clinical practice, while transthyretin amyloidosis (TTR-amyloidosis) is its most common hereditary form. Laser corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) allows for and non-invasive assessment of the state of corneal nerve fibers (CNF).

Effects of combined exposure to modeled radiation and gravitation factors of the interplanetary flight: Monkeys' cognitive functions and the content of monoamines and their metabolites; cytogenetic changes in peripheral blood lymphocytes.

In a study on primates (Macaca mulatta), neurobiological and radiobiological effects have been studied of the synchronous combined action of 7-day antiorthostatic hypokinesia and exposure of the monkeys' head first to γ-rays during 24 h and then to accelerated C ions. The neurobiological effects were evaluated by the cognitive functions which model the basic elements of operator activity and the concentration of monoamines and their metabolites in peripheral blood. The radiobiological effects were evaluated by the chromosomal aberration and DNA double-strand break (DSB) yield in peripheral blood lymphocytes.

The Effect of Five-Day Dry Immersion on the Nervous and Metabolic Mechanisms of the Circulatory System.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the regulatory and metabolic changes in the circulatory system when simulating microgravity conditions in a five-day dry immersion. These changes reflect the adaptation processes characteristic for the initial stages of a space flight or a short-duration space flight. Studies were conducted with 13 healthy male volunteers aged 21 to 29 years.

Publisher Correction: Protein expression changes caused by spaceflight as measured for 18 Russian cosmonauts.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

Urine proteome changes associated with autonomic regulation of heart rate in cosmonauts.

Background: The strategy of adaptation of the human body in microgravity is largely associated with the plasticity of cardiovascular system regulatory mechanisms. During long-term space flights the changes in the stroke volume of the heart are observed, the heart rate decreases, the phase structure of cardiac cycle is readjusted The purpose of this work was to clarify urine proteome changes associated with the initial condition of the heart rate autonomic regulation mechanisms in cosmonauts who have participated in long space missions. Urine proteome of each cosmonaut was analyzed before and after space flight, depending on the initial parameters characterizing the regulatory mechanisms of the cardiovascular system.

Protein expression changes caused by spaceflight as measured for 18 Russian cosmonauts.

The effects of spaceflight on human physiology is an increasingly studied field, yet the molecular mechanisms driving physiological changes remain unknown. With that in mind, this study was performed to obtain a deeper understanding of changes to the human proteome during space travel, by quantitating a panel of 125 proteins in the blood plasma of 18 Russian cosmonauts who had conducted long-duration missions to the International Space Station. The panel of labeled prototypic tryptic peptides from these proteins covered a concentration range of more than 5 orders of magnitude in human plasma.

HUMAN'S BREATH DURING MODELED PROLONGED HYPODYNAMIA.

Low-molecular volatile metabolites were studies in breath of healthy human subjects exposed to prolonged hypodynamia and verified as potential biomarkers of hypoxia in skeletal muscles and myocardiur by comparison with energy metabolism biochemical indices. cs) was explored Profile of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was explored in breath of human subjects whose motor activities were limited due to 520-d isolation and connnemnerK nVIC - Analysis of detected voCs and comparison with dynamics of energy metabilism resulted in suggesting acetol as a potential breath biomarker of tissue hypoxia in skeletal muscles and myocardium. origination of acetol, the lactate precursor in methylglyoxal glucose oxidation, was hypothesized.

SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ORAL CAVITY AND TEETH OF COSMONAUTS ON MISSIONS TO THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.

Earlier studies were furthered by examination of parodentium anaerobic microbiota and investigation of gingival liquid immunological factors in space flight. Immunoglobulins were measured using the .enzyme immunoassay (EM).

[SHIFTS IN URINE PROTEIN PROFILE DURING DRY IMMERSION].

The study was aimed at tracking the proteomic profile of urine in 8 normal volunteers to 5-day dry immersion (DI). The proteome composition was determined by chromatography-mass spectrometry on high-efficient on-line liquid nano chromatograph Agilent 1100; complementary information about the protein spectra was obtained by dint of mass-spectrometer MaXis Impact 4G and hybrid mass-spectrometer LTQ-FT. Functional associations between proteins and biological functions were analyzed using computer system ANDCell (Associative Networks Discovery in Cells).

The effect of a 14-day flight on body fluids in primates.

Using isotopes, two Bion 11 monkeys were examined 36 hours after flight. Total body water and all fluid compartments, particularly extracellular and interstitial fluid, were found to diminish. Blood volume and red blood cell mass also decreased.

Oxygen tension in the somatosensory cortex of rhesus monkeys in space.

Oxygen tension (pO2) in the somatosensory cortex of rhesus monkeys was measured polarographically. Immediately after insertion into orbit (the first 40-60 min), the parameter increased significantly and then fell below the baseline. However, at later flight stages pO2 was adequate, indicating that cerebral circulation regulation adapted well to the space environment and that the somatosensory cortex was not exposed to hypoxemia.