Research Methods in a Multinational Business Environment and Implications for Capital Formation: Application of Cross-Sectional Autoregressive Distributed Lag Methods.

We explore whether foreign direct investment outflows augment or obstruct public or private capital in developing countries by decomposing domestic capital into private and public capital. While developed countries are the primary source of foreign direct investment outflows (FDIOs), developing economies have become the primary source of FDIO over the past 30 years. We apply cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) methods to overcome the issue of endogeneity and cross-sectional dependency in our dataset.

Modeling COVID-19 Impact on Consumption and Mobility in Europe: A Legacy Toward Sustainable Business Performance.

This article has explored the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced decline in consumer durables and mobility on nitrogen dioxide (NO) emission in Europe by providing empirical and graphical justifications based on consumer price index (CPI) and gross domestic product (GDP) deflator indexes. The empirical estimations show that carbon dioxide (CO) and NO emission along with other greenhouse gases drastically decreased in the wake of COVID-19-induced lockdowns and decrease in the demand of consumer goods in Europe. This means that COVID-19 improved environment in the European region.