Self-perception of academic ability and ADHD symptoms in college students in China and the United States: A preliminary study.

Children with ADHD are frequently reported to demonstrate a positive illusory bias in multiple domains. Less is known about such a bias in college students. This study examined academic positive illusory bias in college students and whether cultural factors play a role in its expression.

The New Normal: Amotivation, Sense of Purpose, and Associated Factors Among College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This study examines differences in college students' responses to COVID-19-related stress over time, beginning in fall 2019 before the pandemic and continuing through fall 2022. A total of 957 students completed measures of motivation, sense of purpose, academic adjustment, grit, and COVID-related stress across 7 semesters. Results indicated that motivation stayed steady throughout much of the pandemic as compared to the fall 2019 semester, with the exception of the spring 2022 semester.

Associations Between Primary Residence and Mental Health in Global Marginalized Populations.

Scholars suggest that marginalized people in non-urban areas experience higher distress levels and fewer psychosocial resources than in urban areas. Researchers have yet to test whether precise proximity to urban centers is associated with mental health for marginalized populations. We recruited 1733 people who reported living in 45 different countries.

Parents Influence Responsible Credit Use in Young Adults: Empirical Evidence from the United States, France, and Brazil.

From the start of adulthood, consumers are frequently faced with complex financial decisions, and the consequences of these decisions may be reflected throughout the rest of their lives. As access to credit has expanded among college students around the world, it is critical that we understand both universal and culture-specific processes. Although some work has examined credit card use in two cultures simultaneously, there is, to our knowledge, no research examining such use in three cultures on three continents and across both genders.

The Relationship Between ADHD Symptomatology and Financial Well-Being Among College Students.

Although there is research that indicates financial difficulties among adults with ADHD, little research has examined financial well-being among college students with ADHD. The present study explored the relationships between symptoms of ADHD and credit card and student loan debt, expected student loan debt, perceived financial well-being, worries about student loans, and financial strain behaviors among 612 college students at two public universities in different states. Results indicated that students with more symptoms of ADHD reported lower perceived financial well-being, but there was no relationship between symptomatology and credit card and student loan debt or expected student loan debt.

ADHD symptomatology, fear of intimacy, and sexual anxiety and behavior among college students in China and the United States.

Objective: ADHD is marked by an apparent contradiction in social relationships: Those with the disorder have more difficulty establishing close relationships but report increased rates of risky sexual behavior. Two studies examined the relationship between ADHD symptomatology and fear of intimacy, sexual anxiety, and sexual behavior in college students.

Method: In the first study, college students in China (n = 300) and the United States (n = 233) completed a series of questionnaires.

Attitudes towards credit and finances among college students in China and the United States.

Although there is growing concern about the issue of credit card debt among college students in China, little research has examined attitudes to money and debt among that group. The present study compared financial self-confidence, perceived financial wellbeing, attitudes to debt, and parent education about money and debt in 410 college students from the US and China. Although college students in China reported fewer credit cards and less debt, they also reported lower levels of financial self-confidence and financial wellbeing.

ADHD symptomatology and adjustment to college in China and the United States.

This study examined ADHD symptomatology and college adjustment in 420 participants--147 from the United States and 273 from China. It was hypothesized that higher levels of ADHD symptoms in general and the inattentive symptom group in particular would be related to decreased academic and social adjustment, career decision-making self-efficacy, and poorer study skills in both countries. Results generally supported the hypotheses, indicating that the difficulties associated with inattention are cross-cultural and not specific to the United States.

ADHD symptomatology and its relationship to factors associated with college adjustment.

Objective: The present study assessed the relationship between self-reported ADHD symptomatology in college students and various factors that are associated with persistence in college.

Method: A total of 321 students completed questionnaires examining ADHD symptoms, academic and social adjustment to college, career decision-making self-efficacy, study skills, and GPA.

Results: Analyses indicated that higher levels of ADHD symptoms were significantly related to lower levels of career decision-making self-efficacy, academic adjustment, study skills, and GPA.

Reliability and validity of the Fear of Intimacy Scale in China.

Participants in China (n = 343) and the United States (n = 283) completed measures to assess the reliability and validity of the Fear of Intimacy Scale (Descutner & Thelen, 1991) with a Chinese population. Internal consistency was strong in both cultures, and the factor structure was also similar between cultures, with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) identifying three-factor models in both samples. As evidence of convergent validity, the scale was positively correlated with depression and negatively correlated with social support and self-esteem.

Self-reported symptoms of ADHD among college students in China and the United States.

Objective: The present study examined ADHD symptoms among college students in China and the United States.

Method: A total of 283 (45%) American and 343 (55%) Chinese students completed the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) and the Current Symptoms Scale (CSS), in addition to other measures.

Results: Both of the ADHD measures appear to be reliable and valid, with good internal consistency, similar factor structures, and predicted relationships with other variables, such as depression and self-esteem.

Perceptions of ADHD in China and the United States: a preliminary study.

College students (n = 226) and teachers (n = 328) in the United States and China completed a 55-item questionnaire examining perceptions of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the two countries. Although a factor analysis yielded somewhat similar structures for the construct of ADHD, many differences emerged as well, with Chinese participants somewhat more attuned to hyperactivity than inattention. Furthermore, presented with a list of potential perceptions of ADHD, there were significant differences by culture in agreement with most of those statements.

Courtesy stigma in mothers of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: a preliminary investigation.

Mothers of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder face an increased risk for depression, anxiety, and social isolation. In addition to stress due to children's behavior, mothers of children with ADHD may also feel stigmatized by their children's diagnosis. Fifty-one mothers participated in a study to assess attitudes toward ADHD.

Evidence for an association between gender-role identity and a measure of executive function.

Two studies assessed the relation between gender role and executive function. In Study One (N = 234) analyses indicated that among college students executive function, assessed by the Coolidge and Griego scale, is related to masculine gender-role classification, measured by the Bem Sex-role Inventory. This relationship remained significant when biological sex was controlled.

Evidence for anomalous lateralization across domain in ADHD children as well as adults identified with the Wender Utah rating scale.

Two studies assessed the relation between ADHD symptomatology and correlates of cerebral dominance. In the first, laterality was examined in school children (N=57), 28 with ADHD. Parental reports of greater attentional symptoms were related to non-righthandedness, but teacher reports were related to anomalous laterality of foot, ear and eye, as well as hand.