Phenotypic and functional consequences of different isolation protocols on skin mononuclear phagocytes.

Mononuclear phagocytes are present in skin and mucosa and represent one of the first lines of defense against invading pathogens, which they detect via an array of pathogen-binding receptors expressed on their surface. However, their extraction from tissue is difficult, and the isolation technique used has functional consequences on the cells obtained. Here, we compare mononuclear phagocytes isolated from human skin using either enzymatic digestion or spontaneous migration.

Relay of herpes simplex virus between Langerhans cells and dermal dendritic cells in human skin.

The mechanism by which immunity to Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is initiated is not completely defined. HSV initially infects mucosal epidermis prior to entering nerve endings. In mice, epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) are the first dendritic cells (DCs) to encounter HSV, but it is CD103(+) dermal DCs that carry viral antigen to lymph nodes for antigen presentation, suggesting DC cross-talk in skin.

Inhibition of two temporal phases of HIV-1 transfer from primary Langerhans cells to T cells: the role of langerin.

Epidermal Langerhans cells (eLCs) uniquely express the C-type lectin receptor langerin in addition to the HIV entry receptors CD4 and CCR5. They are among the first target cells to encounter HIV in the anogenital stratified squamous mucosa during sexual transmission. Previous reports on the mechanism of HIV transfer to T cells and the role of langerin have been contradictory.

Autologous fat transfer for breast augmentation: a systematic review.

Background: The role of autologous fat transfer (AFT) for cosmetic breast augmentation is uncertain due to ongoing concerns regarding its safety and efficacy compared with other breast augmentation techniques.

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to assess the safety and efficacy of AFT for cosmetic breast augmentation in comparison with saline and cohesive silicone gel implants.

Methods: A systematic search of several electronic databases, including PubMed and EMBASE, was used to identify relevant studies for inclusion.