Implementation of a Canadian external quality assurance program for breast cancer biomarkers: an initiative of Canadian Quality Control in immunohistochemistry (cIQc) and Canadian Association of Pathologists (CAP) National Standards Committee/Immunohistochemistry.

Immunohistochemistry results for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 are used to guide breast carcinoma patient management and it is essential to monitor these tests in external quality assurance (EQA) programs. Canadian Immunohistochemistry Quality Control is a web-based program with novel approach to EQA. Canadian Immunohistochemistry Quality Control RUN2 included tissue microarray slides with 38 samples tested by 18 immunohistochemical laboratories.

How many duodenal biopsy specimens are required to make a diagnosis of celiac disease?

Background: It is unknown how many endoscopic biopsy specimens are needed to diagnose celiac disease (CD).

Objective: To determine the numbers of duodenal biopsy specimens needed to diagnose CD.

Design: Retrospective medical record audit, histology slide analysis, and chart review.