Impact of hearing impairment on cognitive performance.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the cognitive performance in adults with hearing loss and to identify associations between clinical characteristics of hearing loss and cognitive outcomes.

Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical observational study, adults with hearing loss underwent the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), following the collection of their clinical and audiometric data.

Results: Among 134 evaluated individuals, a majority reported a progressive onset (91.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss: audiological profile during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is an otological emergency that requires prompt recognition and intervention to prevent devastating impacts on people's lives. During the COVID-19 pandemic, sensory deprivations have been reported in patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 virus, including deleterious effects on the auditory pathway. This study aims to describe the audiological profile of individuals with SSNHL during the COVID-19 pandemic and to correlate hearing recovery in subgroups of individuals with or without COVID-19.

The inflammatory and metabolic status of patients with sudden-onset sensorineural hearing loss.

Introduction: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is a common emergency symptom in otolaryngology that requires immediate diagnosis and treatment. SSNHL has a multifactorial etiology, and its pathophysiologic mechanisms may be associated with inflammatory and metabolic changes that may affect the cochlear microenvironment or its nervous component, thus triggering the process or hindering hearing recovery. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess metabolic and inflammatory changes to identify systemic parameters that could serve as prognostic factors for hearing recovery in patients with SSNHL.

Audiometric evaluation in different clinical presentations of otitis media.

Objectives: To assess the hearing thresholds in acute otitis media, otitis media with effusion and chronic otitis media (non-suppurative, non-cholesteatomatous suppurative and cholesteatomatous) and to compare the hearing outcomes with non-diseased ears (in bilateral cases) or contralateral healthy ears (in unilateral cases), since hearing loss is the most frequent sequel of otitis media and there is no previous study comparing the audiometric thresholds among the different forms of otitis media.

Methods: Cross sectional, controlled study. We performed conventional audiometry (500-8000Hz) and tympanometry in patients with otitis media and healthy individuals (control group).

Cochlear implant for profound hearing loss post COVID-19 complications.

• COVID-19 has been associated to Sensorineural Hearing Loss. • Cochlear implants may benefit patients with profound hearing loss post COVID-19. • Hearing rehabilitation should not be postponed in cases of deafness post COVID-19.

In-vitro NLRP3 functional test assists the diagnosis of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) patients: A Brazilian cooperation.

Objective: To report our five-years experience on the use of NLRP3 inflammasome functional assays in the differential diagnosis of Brazilian patients with a clinical suspicion of CAPS.

Patients And Methods: The study included 9 patients belonging to 2 families (I, II) and 7 unrelated patients with a clinical suspicion of AID according to Eurofever/PRINTO classification, recruited between 2017 and 2022. The control group for the NLRP3 functional assay consisted of 10 healthy donors and for the CBA cytokines measurement of 19 healthy controls.

Bilateral Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Distinct Phenotype Entity.

Objective: To investigate the clinical phenotype and hearing prognosis of patients with unilateral and bilateral (simultaneous and nonsimultaneous) sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Otology outpatient clinic of a tertiary university hospital.

Evaluation of Oxidative-Stress Pathway and Recovery of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

 Although the pathogenesis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) has been discussed in the literature, many unclear points remain. Several authors have hypothesized that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of noise-related hearing loss, as well as in drug- and aging-related hearing loss. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) may contribute to the pathogenesis of SSNHL in a similar way as in cases of ototoxicity, noise-induced hearing loss and presbyacusis.

Tinnitus features according to caffeine consumption.

Introduction: Consumption of high amounts of caffeine has been historically associated with tinnitus worsening. However, recent studies demonstrated that this seems not to be true, and caffeine may even improve tinnitus distress.

Aim: To analyze tinnitus features according to caffeine consumption levels.

Event related potentials (ERPs) to assess the tinnitus complaint during drug treatment.

Introduction: Previous studies have shown that the attention given to tinnitus can be a determinant of tinnitus severity. Some of these studies have shown changes in the amplitude and/or latency parameters of the event-related auditory potentials (ERPs). One of the tools previously employed to investigate an individual's attention is the Event Related Potential (ERP), which reflects the amount of attention from the patient to the provided auditory stimuli.

Otopathologic Abnormalities in CHARGE Syndrome.

Objective: To perform an otopathologic analysis of temporal bones (TBs) with CHARGE syndrome.

Study Design: Otopathologic study of human TB specimens.

Setting: Otopathology laboratories.

Clinical Profile of Patients With Unilateral Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Correlation With Hearing Prognosis.

Objective: To characterize, with a standard systematic protocol, the clinical and audiometric profile of patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) and to correlate the findings with hearing recovery prognosis.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort of patients with ISSNHL.

Setting: Outpatients of a tertiary referral center followed for 20 years.

Evaluation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex in patients with chronic otitis media.

Introduction: In recent years, scientific evidence has shown that chronic otitis media may cause balance and vestibular dysfunction.

Objective: To compare the results of the video head impulse test (gain and symmetry of the vestibulo-ocular reflex and presence of covert and overt saccades) in patients with chronic otitis media and controls.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of patients with chronic otitis media (study group), aged between 18 and 60 years.

Subjective Visual Vertical Testing in Patients With Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media.

Objective: To analyze the results of the subjective visual vertical test using the "bucket method" in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM).

Study Design: Cross-sectional, controlled study.

Setting: Outpatient otology clinic in a tertiary care hospital.

Quantitative assessment of cochlear and vestibular ganglion neurons in temporal bones with chronic otitis media.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to determine whether or not COM leads to loss of spiral and Scarpa ganglion neurons.

Methods: From the human temporal bone (HTB) collection at the University of Minnesota we selected human temporal bones with COM, defined as the presence of clinically intractable tissue abnormalities in the middle ear (cholesteatoma, perforation of the eardrum, granulation tissue, fibrosis, tympanosclerosis, and cholesterol granuloma). We also selected HTBs from donors with no ear diseases as controls.

Evaluation of vestibular symptoms and postural balance control in patients with chronic otitis media.

Background: Evidence to support potential links between chronic otitis media (COM) and vestibular impairment/postural balance control issues is lacking.

Objective: To investigate whether COM associates with vestibular symptoms, balance problems, and abnormalities in vestibular function tests.

Methods: We selected 126 patients with COM and excluded patients with any identifiable underlying causes for vestibular dysfunction.

Tinnitus and event related potentials: a systematic review.

Introduction: Tinnitus is sound perception in the absence of a sound source. Changes in parameters of latency and amplitude on the auditory event related potentials or long latency potentials waves have been cited in tinnitus patients when compared to a control group.

Objective: To perform an assessment of scientific evidence that verifies the possibility of alterations in latency or amplitude of the waves of event related potentials in individuals with tinnitus.

Sensorineural hearing loss in the acute phase of a single episode of acute otitis media.

Introduction: Acute otitis media is a disease with high global prevalence, that can lead to several acute complications and auditory sequelae. Data regarding the auditory evaluation in the acute phase of acute otitis media are scarce.

Objective: To evaluate the main audiometric changes (air and bone conduction thresholds) in the initial phase of an acute otitis media episode.

Different clinical presentation of intralabyrinthine schwannomas - a systematic review.

Introduction: Intralabyrinthine schwannoma is a rare, benign tumor that affects the most terminal portions of the vestibular and cochlear nerves. This tumor can be classified into 10 subtypes, according to its inner ear location.

Objective: To carry out a comprehensive review of the most frequent auditory manifestations secondary to the intralabyrinthine schwannoma, describing the possible underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.

Current evidence of peripheral vestibular symptoms secondary to otitis media.

Background: The association between otitis media and vestibular symptoms has been hypothesized in the past. Thus, in this study, we aimed to critically analyze (based in a systematic review of the literature) whether patients who have otitis media are at greater risk of developing vestibular impairment or not.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature and identified potentially relevant articles reporting vestibular symptoms and results of vestibular function tests in patients with otitis media through searches of the PubMED, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases.

Medical Management of Otosclerosis.

Otosclerosis/otospongiosis is a primary osteodystrophy of the otic capsule that affects genetically predisposed individuals and leads to progressive hearing loss. Diagnosis is usually clinical, based on the findings of anamnesis, physical examination, and audiometric evaluation. However, high-resolution computed tomography scan and MRI have played an important role in the diagnosis and therapeutic approach of otosclerosis and in assisting in the differential diagnosis.

Tinnitus Treatment with Oxytocin: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: Tinnitus is the perception of sound in the absence of an external stimulus. It is a frequent condition for which there is as yet no pharmacological treatment approved. Auditory and non-auditory pathways are involved in tinnitus' pathophysiology.

Immune response of patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis challenged with a symbiotic.

Background: There are indications that Th1 polarization of immune response plays an important role in the pathogenesis of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), and that the use of probiotics can stimulate immune regulatory activity, influencing the course of the disease. The aim of this study was to characterize the initial immune profile of RAS patients and evaluate clinical and serological response following a challenge with symbiotic treatment containing fructooligosaccharide, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium.

Methods: The immune responses of the 45 patients with RAS, submitted to symbiotic or placebo for 120 days, in relation to 30 RAS-free controls, were evaluated over a period of 6 months.