Cost-effective identification of Barrett's esophagus in the community: A first step towards screening.

Background And Aim: The first step towards developing a screening strategy for Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the identification of individuals in the community. Currently available tools include endoscopy, less-invasive non-endoscopic devices, and non-invasive risk stratification models. We evaluated the cost of potential strategies for identification of BE as a first step towards screening.

Measurement properties of utility-based health-related quality of life measures in cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention programs: a systematic review.

Purpose: To identify utility-based patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention programs (CR) and appraise existing evidence on their measurement properties. Secondly, to link their items to the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) and the International Consortium of Health Outcome Measures (ICHOM) domains for cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods: Eight databases were searched.

An innovative business model using established Medicare items for delivery of cardiac rehabilitation: A value proposition for primary care.

Background: Approximately 70% of Australians do not attend cardiac rehabilitation (CR). A potential solution is integrating CR into primary care OBJECTIVE: To propose a business model for primary care providers to implement CR using current Medicare items.

Discussion: Using the chronic disease management plan, general practitioners (GPs) complete four clinical assessments at 1-2 weeks, 8-12 weeks, and 6 and 12 months after discharge.

Clinical effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation and barriers to completion in patients of low socioeconomic status in rural areas: A mixed-methods study.

Objective: To investigate cardiac rehabilitation utilisation and effectiveness, factors, needs and barriers associated with non-completion.

Design: We used the mixed-methods design with concurrent triangulation of a retrospective cohort and a qualitative study.

Setting: Economically disadvantaged areas in rural Australia.

Clinical Effectiveness and Utilisation of Cardiac Rehabilitation After Hospital Discharge: Data Linkage Analysis of 84,064 Eligible Discharged Patients (2016-2021).

Background: Despite the highest levels of evidence on cardiac rehabilitation (CR) effectiveness, its translation into practice is compromised by low participation.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate CR utilisation and effectiveness in South Australia.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used data linkage of clinical and administrative databases from 2016 to 2021 to assess the association between CR utilisation (no CR received, commenced without completing, or completed) and the composite primary outcome (mortality/cardiovascular re-admissions within 12 months after discharge).

Exploring the Use of Pictorial Approaches in the Development of Paediatric Patient-Reported Outcome Instruments: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Children may find self-reporting health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) presented in text-based formats difficult, particularly younger children and children with developmental delays or chronic illness. In such cases, pictorial PROMs (where pictorial representations are used alongside or to replace text) may offer a valid alternative.

Aim: This systematic literature review focused on identifying and describing paediatric PROMs that incorporate pictorial approaches, providing children with more effective means to express their HRQoL.

Effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation programs on medication adherence in patients with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Education to improve medication adherence is one of the core components of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs. However, the evidence on the effectiveness of CR programs on medication adherence is conflicting. Therefore, we aimed to summarize the effectiveness of CR programs versus standard care on medication adherence in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Health economics in nursing research: what you need to know to include economic evaluation methodology in your research.

Due to limited resources and constant, ever-changing healthcare challenges, health economics is essential to support healthcare decisions while improving health outcomes. Economic evaluation methodology facilitates informed decision-making related to the efficient allocation of resources while positively impacting clinical practice. In this paper, we provide an overview of economic evaluation methods and a real-world example applying one method of economic evaluation (cost-utility analysis) in nursing research.

Health utility assessments in individuals undergoing diagnostic and surveillance colonoscopy: improved discrimination with a cancer-specific scale.

Purpose: To compare the sensitivity and discriminant validity of generic and cancer-specific measures for assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for individuals undergoing diagnostic or surveillance colonoscopy for colorectal cancer.

Methods: HRQoL was assessed using EQ-5D-5L (generic), and EORTC QLQ-C30 (cancer-specific) scales, 14 days after (baseline) and one-year following colonoscopy (follow-up). Utility scores were calculated by mapping EORTC-QLQ-C30 onto QLU-C10D.

Responsiveness and construct validity of EPIC-26, AQoL-6D and SF-6D following treatment in prostate cancer.

Purpose: To assess construct validity and responsiveness of the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite Instrument (EPIC-26) relative to the Short-Form Six-Dimension (SF-6D) and Assessment of Quality of Life 6-Dimension (AQoL-6D) in patients following treatment for prostate cancer.

Methods: Retrospective prostate cancer registry data were used. The SF-6D, AQoL-6D, and EPIC-26 were collected at baseline and one year post treatment.

Measuring the Wellbeing of Cancer Patients with Generic and Disease-Specific Instruments.

Different wellbeing measures have been used among cancer patients. This study aimed to first investigate the sensitivity of health state utility (HSU), capability, and subjective wellbeing (SWB) instruments in cancer. A cancer-specific instrument (QLQ-C30) was included and transferred onto the cancer-specific HSU scores.

Convergent and Discriminant Validity of the Barthel Index and the EQ-5D-3L When Used on Older People in a Rehabilitation Setting.

This study compares the empirical performance of a commonly used functional-status measure, the Barthel Index (BI), to that of a widely used generic preference-based instrument, the EuroQoL-5-Dimensions 3 Level (EQ-5D-3L), in older people. Data from older people receiving rehabilitation services were used to test the validity of the BI and EQ-5D-3L. Convergent validity was investigated using Spearman's correlation, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), scatter plots, Krippendorff's alpha and modified Bland-Altman plots.

Responsiveness and convergent validity of QLU-C10D and EQ-5D-3L in assessing short-term quality of life following esophagectomy.

Aim: This study assessed the responsiveness and convergent validity of two preference-based measures; the newly developed cancer-specific EORTC Quality of Life Utility Measure-Core 10 dimensions (QLU-C10D) relative to the generic three-level version of the EuroQol 5 dimensions (EQ-5D-3L) in evaluating short-term health related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes after esophagectomy.

Methods: Participants were enrolled in a multicentre randomised controlled trial to determine the impact of preoperative and postoperative immunonutrition versus standard nutrition in patients with esophageal cancer. HRQoL was assessed seven days before and 42 days after esophagectomy.

Improving cost-effectiveness of endoscopic surveillance for Barrett's esophagus by reducing low-value care: a review of economic evaluations.

Background: Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are believed to be at 30-120× risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Early detection and endoscopic treatment of dysplasia/early cancer confers a significant advantage to patients under surveillance; however, most do not progress past the non-dysplastic state of Barrett's esophagus (NDBE), which is potentially an inefficient distribution of health care resources.

Objectives: This article aimed to review the outcomes of cost-effectiveness studies reducing low-value care in the context of endoscopic surveillance for non-dysplastic Barrett's esophagus (NDBE).

Outsourcing robotic-assisted operations to private hospitals: cost analysis of a retrospective cohort.

Background: The Lyell McEwin Hospital entered into a public-private collaborative agreement in 2019 in order to access Da Vinci® Xi Surgical Systems (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) in private hospitals. This study aimed to examine the costs associated with usage of robot surgical systems under the agreement, and the potential for acquisition in the public hospital.

Methods: Retrospective data on robotic-assisted and equivalent operations performed between 1 May 2019 and 30 April 2020 were collected and formed subsequent model inputs.

Has consumer-directed care improved the quality of life of older Australians? An exploratory empirical assessment.

Objectives: To assess the impact of a Consumer Directed Care (CDC) model of service delivery on the quality of life of older people receiving home care packages.

Methods: Quality of life was assessed using validated instruments. The relationship between quality of life and length of time exposed to CDC was examined using descriptive statistical and multivariate regression analyses.

An early investigation of individual budget expenditures in the era of consumer-directed care.

Objectives: To identify the key categories of consumer expenditures following the introduction of consumer-directed care (CDC) in the Australian community aged care sector.

Methods: Income and expenditure data were extracted from monthly budget statements and categorised. Expenditures by category were examined by home care package level, length of time receiving CDC and socio-demographic characteristics.

Health-Related Quality of Life Associated with Barrett's Esophagus and Cancer.

Background: Research assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) which can be applied to economic evaluation in Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal cancer is limited. This study derived health state utilities for various 'stages' of BE and Cancer.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted, including patients with non-dysplastic BE, low-grade dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia, or esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Economic evaluations in community aged care: a systematic review.

Background: This paper reports the methods and findings from a systematic review of economic evaluations conducted in the community aged care sector between 2000 and 2016.

Methods: Online databases searched were PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and web of science, CINAHL and informit. Studies were included if they 1) were full economic evaluations that compared both the costs and outcomes of two or more interventions 2) in study population of people aged 65 years and over 3) dependent older people living in the community 4) alternatives being compared were care models or service delivery interventions in the community aged care sector (a group of programs that have been established as a support system to allow older people to remain living in their own homes for as long as possible, as an alternative to institutional or residential care) and 5) published in the English language between 2000 and November 2016.

Preferences for Surveillance of Barrett's Oesophagus: a Discrete Choice Experiment.

Purpose: Endoscopic surveillance for Barrett's oesophagus is undertaken to detect dysplasia and early cancer, and to facilitate early intervention. Evidence supporting current practice is of low quality and often influenced by opinion. This study investigated the preferences of patients for surveillance of Barrett's oesophagus in an Australian cohort.

A systematic review of instruments for measuring outcomes in economic evaluation within aged care.

Background: This paper describes the methods and results of a systematic review to identify instruments used to measure quality of life outcomes in older people. The primary focus of the review was to identify instruments suitable for application with older people within economic evaluations conducted in the aged care sector.

Methods: Online databases searched were PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Embase and Informit.