Asymmetric Septal Hypertrophy in Appropriate for Gestational Age Infants Born to Diabetic Mothers.

Objective: To compare the frequency of asymmetric septal hypertrophy in appropriate for gestational age infants born to diabetic mothers with those born to non-diabetic mothers.

Methods: We compared 38 full term infants born to diabetic mothers with 85 full term infants of non-diabetic mothers. 2-D echocardiography was obtained in the first 24 hours after birth.

Single strain versus multispecies probiotic on necrotizing enterocolitis and faecal IgA levels in very low birth weight preterm neonates: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: According to the literature, probiotics are an attractive alternative to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). However, due to differences in probiotic composition, randomized controlled trials are necessary to compare different probiotic mixtures. The objective of this study was to compare single strain (Lactobacillus acidophilus boucardii) versus multispecies probiotics on NEC incidence and faecal secretory Immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels in very low preterm newborns.

Correlation between interleukin-1β and matrix metalloproteinase-1 levels in crevicular fluid with a proposed periodontal disease index in children.

Background: The crevicular fluid contains biomarkers that allow the identification of periodontal disease, anticipation of its risk, and prediction of its progression.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to correlate interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) levels in crevicular fluid with periodontal disease severity in schoolchildren.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 82 schoolchildren between 9 and 12 years.

[Protein intake, serum lipids and muscle strenght in the elderly].

Introduction: The daily protein recommendation for adults is 0.8 g/kg/day; however, several studies argue that an intake of 1.0-1.

[Correlation of heart rate variability with SYNTAX II on chronic angina].

Background: The heart rate variability (HRV) is a prognostic value of cardiovascular risk. It is unknown the correlation between HRV and coronary severity on patients with chronic angina. The objective was to determine the correlation between HRV and the SYNTAX II score in chronic angina.

[Cartilage island versus temporalis fascia in high-risk tympanic perforation].

Background: The tympanoplasty for high-risk tympanic membrane perforation is a challenge. It is necessary to compare the most useful and feasible surgical technics in our environment for these patients. The objective was to compare the cartilage island tympanoplasty for the treatment of high-risk tympanic membrane perforations versus the use of temporalis fascia.

[Comparison of epicardial fat thickness in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetics with acute myocardial infarction and ST-segment elevation (AMI-STEMI)].

Introduction: Visceral fat has deleterious metabolic effects and has been associated with myocardial ischemia.

Objective: To compare epicardial fat thickness in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation.

Material And Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in 60 patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation (30 diabetic and 30 non-diabetic).

Omega 3 Fatty Acids Supplementation and Oxidative Stress in HIV-Seropositive Patients. A Clinical Trial.

HIV-seropositive patients show high incidence of coronary heart disease and oxidative stress has been described as relevant key in atherosclerosis development. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of omega 3 fatty acids on different markers of oxidative stress in HIV-seropositive patients. We performed a randomized parallel controlled clinical trial in The Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, a public health hospital.

Pulse oximetry as a screening test for critical congenital heart disease in term newborns.

Background: Pulse oximetry has been suggested as a screening test for congenital heart disease (CHD) in asymptomatic newborns. However, most newborns in Mexico are discharged from the hospital without this evaluation.

Objective: To evaluate pulse oximetry as a screening test for critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) in term newborns.

A parent motivational interviewing program for dental care in children of a rural population.

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of a motivational interviewing-based educational program in reducing the number and intensity of new caries and bacterial dental plaque levels at 6 months post randomization.

Study Design: A randomized and single blind clinical trial in 100 schoolchildren between 6-10 years of age presenting the highest risk score of caries according to the Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) criteria was performed. These patients were randomized to two groups: control (in which the mothers initially received an oral prevention informative session) and experimental (in which the mothers received the initial informative session, followed by individual motivational interviewing sessions during a period of 6 months).

Parameters of lung inflammation in asthmatic as compared to healthy children in a contaminated city.

Background: The impact of air pollution on the respiratory system has been estimated on the basis of respiratory symptoms and lung function. However; few studies have compared lung inflammation in healthy and asthmatics children exposed to high levels of air pollution. The aim of the study was to elucidate the modulatory effect of air pollution on Cysteinyl-leukotrienes (Cys-LTs) levels in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) among healthy and asthmatic children.

[Difficult for intubation in a simulator with laryngoscope with and without mirror].

Background: The mirror laryngoscope blade (Siker blade) is used often in patients with anatomical variations, because it improves the visibility of epiglottis, shortening the intubation time. The objective was to compare the degree of difficulty in intubation with Macintosh blade versus Siker blade in a simulator, among anesthesiologists and residents in training.

Methods: A comparative study in 29 medical residents in training and 21 anesthesiologists was conducted.

Glossopharyngeal Nerve Block versus Lidocaine Spray to Improve Tolerance in Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.

Aim of the Study. To compare the effect of glossopharyngeal nerve block with topical anesthesia on the tolerance of patients to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Methods.

Insulin and Leptin Levels in Appropriate-for-Gestational-Age Infants of Diabetic Mother.

Objective: Intensified management of gestational diabetes mellitus can normalize birth weight. However, it is still unknown whether intrauterine exposure to maternal diabetes is a risk factor for changing hormone levels involved in the development of insulin resistance in these infants. We compared insulin and leptin levels in appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants of diabetic and non diabetic mothers.

Study on simple reaction and choice times in patients with type I diabetes.

A study on simple reaction time (SRT) and choice reaction time in patients having diabetes is described in this paper. The study was applied to fourteen patients with type I diabetes, as well as to fourteen non-diabetic persons. The research is based on two visual signal perception experiments, both implemented on a computer based environment.

Long-term consequences for offspring of paternal diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

Background: Recent studies have reported an increase in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. However, few have focused how diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome together in parents can influence on obesity and metabolic disturbances in offspring.

Objective: To know the risk obesity and metabolic disturbance in children, adolescents, and young adults whose parents have diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome.

[Breast feeding and systemic blood pressure in infants].

Introduction: Blood pressure levels in childhood influence these levels in adulthood, and breastfeeding has been considered such as a cardioprotective. We evaluated the association between blood pressure levels and feeding type in a group of infants.

Material And Methods: We conducted a comparative cross-sectional study in term infants with appropriate weight at birth, to compare blood pressure levels in those children with exclusively breastfeeding, mixed-feeding and formula feeding.

Intercellular adhesion molecules and mortality for sepsis in infants younger than 1 year of life.

Background: Adhesion molecules in sepsis syndrome are correlated with the severity of illness and may be considered as predictors of survival outcome in adults. However, only few studies have been performed in infants and none using international criteria for sepsis.

Objective: To determine whether adhesion molecules during the first 7 days of the disease could predict sepsis outcome and its severity.

Renal function, renal volume, and blood pressure in infants with antecedent of antenatal steroids.

Steroids have been used for more than 20 years in preterm infants to induce pulmonary maturity; however, some long-term effects have been reported, such as insulin resistance and elevation of blood pressure. The aim of our study was to compare renal volume, renal function, and blood pressure in infants between 12-36 months of age with and without antecedent of antenatal steroid treatment. This was a cross-sectional study comprised of three groups of infants (n = 30, respectively): preterm infants with and without antecedent of receiving antenatal steroids, respectively, and full-term infants.

Daytime sleepiness and quality of life: are they associated in obese pregnant women?

Objective: To know the relationship between daytime sleepiness and quality of life during pregnancy according to the weight gain and baseline weight.

Methods: We studied 216 pregnant women (108 obese and 108 non-obese). At first and third trimester of pregnancy they completed the 12-item short-form health survey (SF-12) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).

Iron overload as cardiovascular risk factor in children and adolescents with renal disease.

Background: Iron overload can affect cardiac structure and function by the production of free radicals in addition to iron deposits in heart muscle. The purpose of this study was to compare traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in children and adolescents on renal replacement with and without iron overload. Also, we evaluated the relationships between iron overload and left ventricular mass (LVM).

The use of sildenafil in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.

We evaluated the effectiveness of sildenafil in the treatment of neonatal pulmonary hypertension. We performed a double-blind randomized clinical trial in 51 full-term infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension confirmed by Doppler echocardiography. Patients were divided in two groups: 20 infants in group A received placebo when the oxygenation index was >20, and 31 infants in group B received 3 mg/kg of oral sildenafil every 6 hours.

Heart sympathetic activity and pulmonary function in obese pregnant women.

Objective: To estimate autonomic balance and pulmonary function in obese women according to their baseline weight and weight gain during pregnancy.

Design: A cohort study.

Setting: Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Leon, Mexico.

Leptin, insulin, and glucose serum levels in large-for-gestational-age infants of diabetic and non-diabetic mothers.

Background: It has been suggested that hyperleptinemia could be caused by hyperinsulinemia in infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs).

Aim: To compare leptin, insulin, and glucose levels in large-for-gestational-age (LGA) and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in IDMs, infants of non-diabetic mothers (INDM) and AGA infants.

Catch-up growth in infants born small for gestational age--a longitudinal study.

Background: Epidemiological studies correlate low birth weight and the subsequent development of diabetes mellitus (DM). Early changes in insulin resistance in infants with catch-up growth (CUG) have not been evaluated in our population.

Aim: To identify dietary and metabolic features associated with CUG in infants born small for gestational age (SGA) at 1 year old.