Tranexamic acid in hip and spine surgery for children with cerebral palsy - a PRISMA-compliant scoping review.

Many children with cerebral palsy (CP) are frail and require major hip and/or spine surgeries associated with substantial blood loss. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is commonly used to reduce blood loss, but there is uncertainty around the optimal dose and timing of administration. There have been reviews in sub-populations and specific dosing regimens, but a broad overview of the available literature is lacking.

Intra-operative neuromonitoring in paediatric spinal deformity surgery: a retrospective single-centre experience.

Introduction: Intra-operative neuromonitoring including somatosensory evoked potentials, motor evoked potentials, and electromyography, have replaced the Stagnara wake-up test to allow early detection of neurological change during paediatric spinal deformity surgery. It is important for surgeons to recognize alerts triggered by loss of these potentials and act accordingly to prevent iatrogenic neurological damage intra-operatively. This study was conducted to determine the sensitivity and specificity of neuromonitoring alerts in paediatric spinal deformity correction surgery.

Can intra-articular hip injections predict arthroscopy outcomes for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome? A systematic review.

Background: Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) syndrome represents a prevalent aetiology of hip discomfort observed among both adolescent and adult populations. It is initially managed conservatively with oral anti-inflammatories and physiotherapy; some patients proceed to receiving an intra-articular (IA) hip injection, but ultimately, the gold-standard treatment is hip arthroscopy.

Study Design: Systematic Review.

Single-Event Multi-Level Surgery in Cerebral Palsy: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Single-Event Multi-Level Surgery (SEMLS) is a complex surgical programme in which soft tissue contractures and bony torsional deformities at the ankle, knee and hip, in both lower limbs are surgically corrected during a single operative session, requiring one hospital admission and one period of rehabilitation. The aim of SEMLS is to improve gait and function in ambulant children with cerebral palsy. Utilisation of the SEMLS concept can reduce the number of surgical events, hospital inpatient stays and reduce rehabilitation requirements to a single intensive episode.

The Non-Affected Muscle Volume Compensates for the Partial Loss of Strength after Injection of Botulinum Toxin A.

Local botulinum toxin (BTX-A, Botox) injection in overactive muscles is a standard treatment in patients with cerebral palsy. The effect is markedly reduced in children above the age of 6 to 7. One possible reason for this is the muscle volume affected by the drug.

Hip Surgery in Cerebral Palsy: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Hip dislocation in cerebral palsy can lead to pain, pressure sores and difficulty with perineal hygiene. Hip surveillance programs have been implemented to identify patients who might benefit from early intervention and preventive strategies. Surgical techniques used to treat hip dislocation include soft tissue procedures, guided growth, osteotomies and salvage procedures.

Do Intrawound Antibiotics Reduce the Incidence of Surgical Site Infections in Pelvic and Lower-Limb Trauma Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objectives: To analyze the efficacy of intraoperative topical antibiotics in reducing the incidence of postoperative surgical site infections in pelvic and lower-limb trauma orthopaedic surgery.

Data Sources: A search of Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, and Embase was conducted for English language studies published from 1946 through September 3, 2021, using relevant keywords.

Study Selection: Included studies were randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, or case-control studies reporting on the rate of surgical site infections in adult patients (age 16 and older) who underwent surgical fixation of lower-limb or pelvic traumatic fractures, including both open and closed fractures, with topical intraoperative antibiotics applied to the surgical site before wound closure.

Ankle Dorsiflexor Function after Gastrocsoleus Lengthening in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Literature Review.

: Ambulant children with cerebral palsy can demonstrate persistent "foot drop" after successful gastrocsoleus lengthening (GSL) surgery for equinus deformity. This may be due to inadequate strength and/or selective motor control of the ankle dorsiflexor muscles. A procedure has been developed to reduce foot drop-Tibialis Anterior Tendon Shortening (TATS), to be performed in conjunction with GSL.

Long-Term Evolution of the Hip and Proximal Femur after Hip Reconstruction in Non-Ambulatory Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Retrospective Radiographic Review.

Background: Hip displacement in children with cerebral palsy (CP) has a higher prevalence in non-ambulatory children. Progression can lead to pain, pelvic obliquity and difficulty with sitting. This can be addressed with hip reconstruction.

Three-Dimensional Gait Analysis in Children Undergoing Gastrocsoleus Lengthening for Equinus Secondary to Cerebral Palsy.

Equinus is the most common deformity in children with cerebral palsy, and surgical lengthening of the gastrocsoleus muscle-tendon unit is the most commonly performed operation for children with cerebral palsy. Treatment outcomes of orthopaedic surgery can be measured objectively with three-dimensional gait analysis. This study examined the quality of evidence for gastrocsoleus lengthening surgery based on objective measures.