Successful Treatment of Nephrotic Syndrome Due to Collapsing Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Accompanied by Acute Interstitial Nephritis.

A 39-year-old woman was hospitalized for nephrotic syndrome. Laboratory test results showed increased serum creatinine levels and urinary excretions of beta-2-microglobulin, and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. A renal biopsy revealed collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and acute interstitial nephritis.

A complicated case of Serratia marcescens catheter-related bloodstream infection misdiagnosed as hypersensitivity reactions to bicarbonate dialysate containing acetate.

Recurrent fever during/post-dialysis can occur due to infectious or non-infectious causes. We present the case of a 79-year-old patient who had persistent post-dialysis fever after long-term tunneled central venous catheterization with acetate-containing bicarbonate dialysate. Drug-induced lymphocyte stimulation test (DLST) was positive for acetate dialysate, and he was suspected of having acetate dialysate-induced hypersensitivity reaction.

Hereditary spherocytosis diagnosed with extremely low glycated hemoglobin compared to plasma glucose levels.

Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is an important indicator of glycemic control in patients with diabetes. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the most commonly used method for measuring HbA1c levels; as HPLC measures all hemoglobin types, the values can be influenced by hemoglobin variants. Moreover, as HPLC-HbA1c levels are low in some diseases, including hemolytic anemia, it may be difficult to differentiate hemoglobin variants from these diseases based on HPLC-HbA1c levels alone.

Splenic abscess diagnosed following relapsing sterile peritonitis in a peritoneal dialysis patient: A case report with literature review.

Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis is sometimes complicated with other infections; however, few cases of splenic abscess have been reported. We present the case of a 64-year-old PD patient with complicated splenic abscesses diagnosed following relapsing sterile peritonitis. After PD induction, he presented with turbid peritoneal fluid and was diagnosed with PD-related peritonitis.

Parathyroidectomy for tertiary hyperparathyroidism after second kidney transplantation: a case report.

Successful kidney transplantation usually resolves secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). However, some patients fail to normalize, and their condition is often referred to as tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT). Surgical consensus on the timing of post-transplant parathyroidectomy (PTX) for THPT has not been reached.

Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Mortality due to Bloodstream Infection of Unknown Origin in Hemodialysis Patients: A Single-Center, Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Hemodialysis patients are at a high risk of bloodstream infection (BSI). The risk factors for BSI-associated mortality, especially of unknown origin, remain uncertain. BSI of unknown origin is highly prevalent and related to high mortality.

Hypersensitivity reactions to bicarbonate dialysate containing acetate: a case report with literature review.

Although hemodialysis-hypersensitivity reactions have various causes, only a few cases of hypersensitivity to acetate dialysate accompanied by fever have been reported. We present the case of a 69-year-old hemodialysis patient who was admitted due to fever after dialysis. He had undergone online hemodiafiltration using acetate-free citrate-containing dialysate.

Alogliptin-Induced Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome and Interstitial Nephritis.

Alogliptin is one of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors used to treat patients with type 2 diabetes. Little is known about the nephrotoxicity associated with alogliptin, such as nephrotic syndrome or interstitial nephritis. We report a biopsy-proven rare case of minimal change nephrotic syndrome and interstitial nephritis induced by alogliptin.

Urinary type IV collagen excretion is involved in the decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate in the Japanese general population without diabetes: A 5-year observational study.

Urinary type IV collagen (U-Col4) and albumin excretion is evaluated to monitor the development of diabetic kidney disease. However, U-Col4 excretion in the general population without diabetes has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, 1067 participants without diabetes and with urinary albumin-creatinine ratio <300 mg/gCr (normo- or microalbuminuria) who underwent an annual health examination in 2004 were enrolled and observed for 5 years.

Urinary IgG4 and Smad1 Are Specific Biomarkers for Renal Structural and Functional Changes in Early Stages of Diabetic Nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the major cause of end-stage kidney disease, but early biomarkers of DN risk are limited. Herein we examine urinary IgG4 and Smad1 as additional early DN biomarkers. We recruited 815 patients with type 2 diabetes; 554 patients fulfilled the criteria of an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >60 mL/min and no macroalbuminuria at baseline, with follow-up for 5 years.

Aldosterone and Insulin Resistance: Vicious Combination in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis.

Recently, we demonstrated that plasma aldosterone contributed to insulin resistance in chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study is the clinical impact of this relationship in hemodialysis patients. In a cross section study using a total of 128 hemodialysis patients, multiple regression analysis revealed that plasma aldosterone levels were independently associated with HOMA-IR, insulin resistance index.

Trophoblast glycoprotein: possible candidate mediating podocyte injuries in glomerulonephritis.

Background: trophoblast glycoprotein (Tpbg), a 72-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein, is known to regulate the phenotypes of epithelial cells by modifying actin organization and cell motility. Recently, a microarray study showed that Tpbg is upregulated in Thy1 glomerulonephritis (Thy1 GN). We hypothesized that Tpbg regulates cytoskeletal rearrangement and modulates phenotypic alteration in podocytes under pathological conditions.

Risk factors for chronic kidney disease in Japan: a community-based study.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasingly being recognized as a predictor for both end-stage renal disease and cardiovascular disease. The present study, conducted on individuals from a community in Arita, Japan, was designed to evaluate biomarkers that can be used to determine the associated factors for CKD.

Methods: This study involved 1554 individuals.