[Cranial subdural hematoma with intracranial hypotension related to epidural anesthesia and Trendelenburg position: a case report].

We report a case of cranial subdural hematoma with intracranial hypotension. A 34-year-old woman had laparoscopic ovarial cysterectomy under general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia. Two days later, she developed a severe headache and nausea.

Low-dose but not high-dose prostaglandin E(1) improves the histological outcome of severe forebrain ischemia in rats.

Purpose: Prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)) has been shown to provide short-term neuroprotection against various types of brain ischemia in a dose-dependent manner in mice. However, these findings were obtained from experiments performed without any control over physiological parameters. We performed an outcome study where physiological parameters were controlled in an attempt to confirm the dose-dependant neuroprotective effects of PGE(1).

[Four cases of latent aortic aneurysm--preoperative screening of aortic pathology is necessary for elderly patients].

We report four cases of latent aortic aneurysm revealed by contrast computed tomography (CT) before operations. The incidence of aortic diseases has not been publicized in Japan. However, the report of autopsies demonstrated that the elderly has a high incidence of aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection.

[Awake intubation using lightwand technique under conscious sedation with remifentanil].

We experienced two cases of difficult airway due to deformities in the oral cavities. The first patient was a 62-year-old woman with a large benign soft palate tumor and the second was a 64-year-old woman with macroglossia secondary to acromegaly. Both patients were evaluated difficult to ventilate via face mask and presenting serious risks for tracheal intubation under general anesthesia.

[Case of postoperative pulmonary embolism after tonsillectomy in a healthy young woman].

An 18-year-old healthy woman with no previous history of coagulation disorders underwent general anesthesia for tonsillectomy. The procedure was uneventful. After the surgery, she was ordered to rest on bed overnight.

Pulmonary atelectasis manifested after induction of anesthesia: a contribution of sinobronchial syndrome?

A 31-year-old man underwent general anesthesia for sinus surgery. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam and butorphanol, and an endotracheal tube was orally placed with a bronchoscope, due to difficulty with temporomandibular joint opening. Ventilation difficulty and increased peak inspiratory pressure were noticed shortly after tracheal intubation, and bronchoscopy was performed for diagnosis.

The dose-dependent effects of isoflurane on outcome from severe forebrain ischemia in the rat.

Isoflurane improves outcome against cerebral ischemia in the rat. However, the optimal neuroprotective concentration has not been defined. We examined the effects of different isoflurane concentrations on outcome from severe forebrain ischemia in the rat.

Intraischemic nitrous oxide alters neither neurologic nor histologic outcome: a comparison with dizocilpine.

N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonism contributes to the anesthetic action of nitrous oxide (N(2)O). We examined the effects of the N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists N(2)O and dizocilpine on outcome from filament occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO). Rats breathed 70% nitrogen/30% oxygen or 70% N(2)O/30% oxygen during MCAO.

The neuroprotective effect of xenon administration during transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice.

Background: Xenon has been shown to be neuroprotective in several models of in vitro and in vivo neuronal injury. However, its putative neuroprotective properties have not been evaluated in focal cerebral ischemia. The purpose of this study was to determine if xenon offers neuroprotection in a mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion.