Biological characteristics of intratumoral [F-18]‑fluoromisonidazole distribution in a rodent model of glioma.

Accurate imaging to identify hypoxic regions in tumors is key for radiotherapy planning. [F-18]‑fluoro-misonidazole ([F-18]-FMISO) is widely used for tumor hypoxia imaging and has the potential to optimize radiotherapy planning. However, the biological characteristics of intratumoral [F-18]-FMISO distribution have not yet been fully investigated.

HIF-1-dependent stromal adaptation to ischemia mediates in vivo tumor radiation resistance.

Purpose: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) promotes cancer cell survival and tumor progression. The specific role played by HIF-1 and tumor-stromal interactions toward determining tumor resistance to radiation treatment remains undefined. We applied a multimodality preclinical imaging platform to mechanistically characterize tumor response to radiation, with a focus on HIF-1-dependent resistance pathways.

Differential effect of scaffold shape on dentin regeneration.

The effect of scaffold shape on dentin regeneration is not well understood. In this study, porous hydroxyapatite/beta-tricalcium phosphate (HAp/beta-TCP), powdered HAp/beta-TCP, and polyglycolic acid (PGA) fiber mesh were used as scaffolds and transplanted with cultured porcine dental pulp-derived cells into the backs of nude mice. Samples were harvested after 6 weeks.

Imaging epidermal growth factor receptor expression in vivo: pharmacokinetic and biodistribution characterization of a bioconjugated quantum dot nanoprobe.

Purpose: To develop and validate an optical imaging nanoprobe for the discrimination of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR)-overexpressing tumors from surrounding normal tissues that also expresses EGFR.

Experimental Design: Near-infrared (NIR) quantum dots (QD) were coupled to EGF using thiol-maleimide conjugation to create EGF-QD nanoprobes. In vitro binding affinity of these nanoprobes and unconjugated QDs was evaluated in a panel of cell lines, with and without anti-EGFR antibody pretreatment.

The A and B loci in tobacco regulate a network of stress response genes, few of which are associated with nicotine biosynthesis.

Nicotine biosynthesis in Nicotiana tabacum is under genetic control by the A and B loci. Plants containing semi-dominant mutations at both the A and B loci (i.e.

The novel MYB protein EARLY-PHYTOCHROME-RESPONSIVE1 is a component of a slave circadian oscillator in Arabidopsis.

Using fluorescent differential display, we identified, from approximately 8000 displayed bands, a DNA fragment showing rapid induction in response to red light irradiation. This EARLY-PHYTOCHROME-RESPONSIVE1 gene (EPR1) encodes a novel nucleus-localized MYB protein harboring a single MYB domain that is highly similar to the circadian oscillator proteins CCA1 and LHY. EPR1 is regulated by both phytochrome A and phytochrome B, and the red-light induction of EPR1 is not inhibited by cycloheximide, demonstrating that EPR1 represents a primary phytochrome-responsive gene.

The identification of candidate genes for a reverse genetic analysis of development and function in the Arabidopsis gynoecium.

The screening for mutants and their subsequent molecular analysis has permitted the identification of a number of genes of Arabidopsis involved in the development and functions of the gynoecium. However, these processes remain far from completely understood. It is clear that in many cases, genetic redundancy and other factors can limit the efficiency of classical mutant screening.