Trends in age-standardised prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus according to country from 1990 to 2017 and their association with socioeconomic, lifestyle and health indicators: An ecological study.

Background: There is a need for global public health strategies to effectively curb the ever-growing global diabetes population. This longitudinal ecological study was conducted to elucidate the country-specific trends of the age-standardised prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their association with socioeconomic, lifestyle and health indicators.

Methods: Data pertaining to the age-standardised prevalence of T2DM (rates per 100 000) and socioeconomic, lifestyle and health indicators were obtained from several international databases.

Global relationship between Mediterranean diet and the incidence and mortality of ischaemic heart disease.

Background: The purpose of this study was to clarify the global relationship between the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) and country-wise incidence and mortality of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) using an international database.

Methods: We used population data from a global longitudinal database covering 137 countries with a population of over one million. MDS were evaluated based on the total score of the nine foods that comprise the Mediterranean diet.

Gut Microbiota Is Not Involved in the Induction of Acute Phase Protein Expression Caused by Vitamin C Deficiency.

Using rats, we previously found that vitamin C deficiency increases serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and glucocorticoid, and changes the gene expression of acute phase proteins (APP) in the liver. However, it remains unclear how vitamin C deficiency causes these inflammation-like responses. In this study, we investigated the possibility that changes in gut microbiota are involved in the induction of APP gene expression by vitamin C deficiency.

Consumption of Polyphenols in Coffee and Green Tea Alleviates Skin Photoaging in Healthy Japanese Women.

Purpose: Hyperpigmentation of the skin can occur at any age depending on etiological factors but its intensity increases during adolescence in Japanese females and gradually develops further in adults. The purpose of this study was to characterize factors that influence skin hyperpigmentation, including age, skin type and dietary polyphenol sources.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional survey of healthy Japanese women aged from 30 to 60 years (n=244) was conducted using food and environmental questionnaires and a VISIA™ facial photoimage analyzer.

Tissue Distribution of Menaquinone-7 and the Effect of α-Tocopherol Intake on Menaquinone-7 Concentration in Rats.

We have reported that vitamin E intake lowers phylloquinone (PK) concentration in extrahepatic tissues of rats. In this study, we aimed to clarify the characteristic of the distribution of menaquinone-7 (MK-7), a vitamin K contained in fermented foods, by comparison with other vitamin K distributions and to clarify the effect of vitamin E intake on MK-7 concentration in rats. Rats were fed a vitamin K-free diet (Free group), a diet containing 0.