[A Case of Advanced Esophageal Cancer with Esophago-Bronchial Fistula Closed by Pembrolizumab plus Chemotherapy Therapy].

We report a case of unresectable advanced esophageal cancer with an esophageal fistula that was treated with pembrolizumab plus CDDP plus 5-FU therapy and the fistula was closed. A 73-year-old male was diagnosed with cervical-upper thoracic esophageal cancer and esophago-bronchial fistula on CT and esophagogastroduodenoscopy. He underwent chemotherapy containing pembrolizumab.

Laparoscopic repair of Morgagni hernia with extra-abdominal sutures and ileocecal resection for colon cancer: a case report.

Morgagni hernia is a rare form of diaphragmatic hernia. It is located at the anterior edge of the diaphragm and does not have an anterior rim. It is difficult to achieve a secure closure and maintain the tension of closure with laparoscopic surgery.

Ischemic Necrosis of the Gastric Remnant Treated Successfully Using Total Remnant Gastrectomy.

Distal gastrectomy (DG) with lymph node dissection is considered as the standard treatment for gastric cancer. Ischemic necrosis of the gastric remnant is a rare but serious complication of DG that requires careful consideration for early diagnosis and treatment to lower the associated mortality rate. A 71-year-old male presented to our hospital with hyperglycemia and was evaluated for suspected diabetes.

Distal Gastrectomy for Symptomatic Stage IV Gastric Cancer Contributes to Prognosis with Acceptable Safety Compared to Gastrojejunostomy.

Background: The prognostic prolongation effect of reduction surgery for asymptomatic stage IV gastric cancer (GC) is unfavorable; however, its prognostic effect for symptomatic stage IV GC remains unclear. We aimed to compare the prognosis of gastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy for symptomatic stage IV GC.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study analyzed record-based data of patients undergoing palliative surgery for symptomatic stage IV GC in the middle or lower-third regions between January 2015 and December 2019.

Impact of COVID-19 on gastric cancer treatment in Japanese high-volume centers: a JCOG stomach cancer study group survey.

Purposes: The spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected socioeconomic and healthcare systems in many countries. Accordingly, many individuals may have canceled their annual health-check programs, including esophagogastroduodenoscopy, which would have resulted in lower numbers of newly diagnosed patients with gastric cancer in comparison to other times.

Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to 62 hospitals every week from May 2020 to August 2020 (total 744) through mailing lists of the Stomach Cancer Study Group of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group.

Association between skeletal muscle loss and the response to nivolumab immunotherapy in advanced gastric cancer patients.

Background: Skeletal muscle loss is a hallmark of malignancies, including advanced gastric cancer (GC). Although programmed death (PD)-1 inhibitors, including nivolumab, have promising anti-cancer effects, there is limited information regarding markers that can predict these therapeutic effects, which include PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and the tumor mutation burden. Therefore, we evaluated whether the baseline psoas muscle mass index (PMI, a surrogate for skeletal muscle mass) could predict the response of GC to nivolumab treatment, based on progression-free survival (PFS), the objective response rate, and the disease control rate.

Successful surgical management of non-perforating acute appendicitis with septic disseminated intravascular coagulation: A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Perforating appendicitis and abscess-forming appendicitis may cause septic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). However, non-perforating acute appendicitis with septic DIC is extremely rare.

Presentation Of Case: A 67-year-old man was referred to our hospital one day after starting oral antibiotic treatment for acute appendicitis.

Appendiceal neurofibroma with low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm in neurofibromatosis type 1 patient: A case report.

Introduction: Neurofibromas are a characteristic of the autosomal dominant disorder Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), also known as von Recklinghausen's disease. Appendiceal neurofibromas are extremely rare, and low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMNs) have not previously been reported in NF1.

Presentation Of Case: A 62-year-old man with NF1 was scheduled for elective surgical treatment of an asymptomatic, enlarged and diffusely thickened appendix that remained after curative antimicrobial treatment of acute appendicitis.

[A Case of Malignant Obstruction of the Colon Due to Peritoneal Dissemination of Gastric Carcinoma Treated with Colon Stenting and Colectomy after Chemotherapy].

A man in his 60s underwent gastrectomy to treat gastric carcinoma. Approximately 2.5 years after the surgery, he was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain.

Enhanced recovery program is safe and improves postoperative insulin resistance in gastrectomy.

Aim: To assess the safety of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program in gastrectomy and influences on nutrition state and insulin-resistance.

Methods: Our ERAS program involved shortening the fasting periods and preoperative carbohydrate loading. Eighty gastrectomy patients were randomly assigned to either the conventional group (CG) or ERAS group (EG).

[A Case of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Showing R0 Resection after Resection of the Portal Vein Following Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy].

We report a case of pancreatic cancer showing R0 resection after resection of the portal vein(PV)following preoperative chemoradiotherapy. A 71-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with back pain. We diagnosed the patient with pancreatic cancer using computed tomography scan and fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

[Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Therapy for Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer Involving the Superior Mesenteric Artery].

Multidisciplinary therapy is essential in the treatment of borderline resectable pancreatic cancer involving the superior mesenteric artery (BR-SMA). We analyzed the outcomes of multidisciplinary treatment for BR-SMA and evaluated the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT). We reviewed the clinical courses of 10 patients with BR-SMA.

[A case of fixing an anastomotic site to the abdominal wall out of the abdominal cavity for a small intestinal perforation during chemotherapy].

A 53-year-old man presented with a continuous high fever and was diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with metastasis to the lung, spleen, and mesenterium. He was treated with cyclophosphamide and prednisolone followed by administration of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (CHOP) chemotherapy 20 days later. Two days after initiation of CHOP therapy, the patient complained of severe abdominal pain.

[An examination of the utility of high-precise radiation therapies for the recurrence of postoperative esophageal cancer].

We analyzed 16 cases (23 therapeutic sites) of post-operative recurrence of esophageal cancers that were treated with high-precise radiation therapies.The recurrence sites were cervical lymph nodes (5 cases), superior mediastinal lymph nodes (5 cases), posterior mediastinal lymph nodes (3 cases), regional lymph nodes with anastomosis (2 cases), abdominal paraaortic lymph node (3 cases), and regions with hematogenous metastasis (5 cases: liver, lung, spleen, and dissemination to the diaphragm bottom).By recurrence number, 10 cases presented with a single lesion, and 6 cases had multiple lesions.

[A case of AFP-producing esophagogastric junction cancer with liver metastases with a good response to chemotherapy].

A 62-year-old man was diagnosed with esophagogastric junction cancer following esophagogastroduodenoscopy in response to hematemesis. Although liver metastasis was detected during surgery, a total gastrectomy and lower esophagus resection for local control was performed. Alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)-producing tumor with hepatoid adenocarcinoma was diagnosed on the basis of the pathological examination.

[Experiences of laparoscopic repeat hepatectomy for recurrent hepatic cancer after open hepatectomy].

We report 3 cases of recurrent hepatic cancer in patients who underwent laparoscopic repeat hepatectomy (LRH). Case 1: A 70-year-old female with ascending colon cancer and liver metastases underwent open right colectomy followed by open S5 resection. Seven months later, the patient experienced a recurrence in the lateral segment and underwent laparoscopy-assisted ( L-A) partial resection.

[Three cases of surgical resection of peritoneal recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma following hepatectomy].

Surgical treatment of peritoneal recurrence (PR) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still controversial. We report herein 3 cases of PR treated by surgical resection. Firstly, a 55-year-old woman presented with recurrences in the peritoneum and mediastinal lymph nodes 12 months after hepatectomy for ruptured HCC.

[A case of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with peritoneal dissemination treated successfully with surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy].

A 72-year-old woman was diagnosed with liver dysfunction during a medical examination. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed multiple nodules in the left lobe, anterior segment, andposterior segment of the liver, leading to a diagnosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Extended left lobectomy and partial hepatectomy in the anterior and posterior segment with lymph node dissection was performed.

[Gastric cancer with liver metastasis and peritoneal dissemination treated with conversion surgery to achieve r0 resection after capecitabine, cisplatin, and trastuzumab chemotherapy-a case report].

Herein, we present a case report suggesting the importance of conversion surgery and the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy with trastuzumab. A 77-year-old woman was diagnosed with gastric cancer complicated by multiple liver metastases and peritoneal dissemination. Owing to a HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) tumor score of 3+, we initiated capecitabine plus cisplatin (CDDP) plus trastuzumab chemotherapy.

Fasting enhances TRAIL-mediated liver natural killer cell activity via HSP70 upregulation.

Acute starvation, which is frequently observed in clinical practice, sometimes augments the cytolytic activity of natural killer cells against neoplastic cells. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the enhancement of natural killer cell function by fasting in mice. The total number of liver resident natural killer cells in a unit weight of liver tissue obtained from C57BL/6J mice did not change after a 3-day fast, while the proportions of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)+ and CD69+ natural killer cells were significantly elevated (n = 7, p <0.

The usefulness of preoperative 18FDG positron-emission tomography and computed tomography for predicting the malignant potential of gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. The tumor size and mitotic count, typical risk category factors, are difficult to determine preoperatively. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of preoperative 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (18FDG-PET/CT) for predicting the malignant potential of GISTs by analyzing the correlation between the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and postoperative factors.

A large esophageal gastrointestinal stromal tumor that was successfully resected after neoadjuvant imatinib treatment: case report.

A 49-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a 1-month history of dysphagia. An upper endoscopy revealed a lower esophageal submucosal tumor. Immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy specimen revealed KIT positivity.

Idiopathic granulomatous gastritis resembling a gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

A 41-year-old female presented with a 2 cm gastric submucosal tumor that was suspected to be a gastrointestinal stromal tumor or other malignancy, and local resection of the stomach was performed. However, histopathological examination showed granulomatous gastritis (GG) with a variety of chronic inflammatory cells and multinodular granulomas. Although she had a past history of tuberculosis and advanced breast cancer after surgery, there was no apparent evidence of either tuberculosis or a metastatic tumor.

Prognostic criteria in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a single center experience retrospective analysis.

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are morphologically and clinically heterogeneous tumors, and their biological behavior is difficult to predict, ranging from clinically benign to malignant. The aim of our study was to reanalyze the value of the commonly used prognostic criteria and recently reported nomogram in predicting disease recurrence in patients with primary resectable GISTs.

Methods: The clinicopathological features of 60 patients with GISTs who underwent surgical resection between 1998 and 2010 at Hiroshima University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed.

Triple-tube-ostomy: a novel technique for the surgical treatment of iatrogenic duodenal perforation.

Although duodenal perforation is currently an infrequent complication of medical procedures, its incidence in the future predictably will increase as endoscopic treatment of duodenal neoplasms becomes more frequently used. In some cases, duodenal perforation is difficult to treat even surgically. We report here a novel technique called 'triple-tube-ostomy' for the treatment of iatrogenic duodenal perforation.