Biofilm Inhibitory Activity of Actinomycete-Synthesized AgNPs with Low Cytotoxic Effect: Experimental and In Silico Study.

The emergence of resistance by biofilm-forming bacteria has reached alarming and dangerous levels that threaten human civilization. The current study sought to investigate the antibiofilm potential of green-synthesized silver nanoparticles, mediated by a new strain. Zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy were used to analyze the biosynthesized AgNPs.

A Questionnaire-Based Cross-Sectional Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices toward COVID-19 among Students and Staff in Asir, Saudi Arabia during the Second Wave of the Pandemic.

Unlabelled: Being in a rapidly changing and dynamic environment during the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals' perceptions change on a daily basis, and this starts to inform the status of knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) during the second wave of the pandemic.

Aim: To assess the KAP on COVID-19 among students, teaching staff, and administrative staff in the Asir region for the first time.

Methods: A questionnaire-based survey cross-sectional study was conducted from 10 February to 10 March 2021 using an online questionnaire.

Advanced approaches for endotoxin detection and removal from snake antivenoms.

A comprehensive assessment of the literature on strategies for the detection and removing endotoxin from biotechnological preparations was conducted. This study highlighted the brief history of endotoxin. After that, a review of endotoxin's chemical and physical features, as well as its pathophysiological consequences when the body is exposed to LPS excessively or systemically, is presented.

atpD gene sequencing, multidrug resistance traits, virulence-determinants, and antimicrobial resistance genes of emerging XDR and MDR-Proteus mirabilis.

Proteus mirabilis is a common opportunistic pathogen causing severe illness in humans and animals. To determine the prevalence, antibiogram, biofilm-formation, screening of virulence, and antimicrobial resistance genes in P. mirabilis isolates from ducks; 240 samples were obtained from apparently healthy and diseased ducks from private farms in Port-Said Province, Egypt.

Molecular and HPLC-based approaches for detection of aflatoxin B and ochratoxin A released from toxigenic Aspergillus species in processed meat.

Background: Meat-products are considered an enriched media for mycotoxins. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of toxigenic Aspergillus species in processed meat samples, HPLC-quantitative measurement of aflatoxin B and ochratoxin A residues, and molecular sequencing of aflR1 and pks genes. One hundred and twenty processed beef meat specimens (basterma, sausage, and minced meat; n = 40 for each) were collected from Ismailia Province, Egypt.

A Validation Study of the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate Test as an End-Product Endotoxin Test for Polyvalent Horse Snake Antivenom.

The only definitive management of snake envenoming is the use of snake antivenom. Endotoxin contamination is a serious threat to the safe use of parenteral drugs. A greater understanding of the nature of limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test interference and use of permissible dilutions has minimized enhancement problems.

Quality Control Testing for Tracking Endotoxin-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria during the Preparation of Polyvalent Snake Antivenom Immunoglobulin.

Unlabelled: Snake bites represent a serious public health problem, particularly in rural areas worldwide. Antitoxic sera preparations are antibodies from immunized animals and are considered to be the only treatment option. The purification of antivenom antibodies should aim at obtaining products of consistent quality, safety, efficacy, and adherence to good manufacturing practice principles.

High-throughput molecular identification of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from a clean room facility in an environmental monitoring program.

Background: The staphylococci are one of the most common environmental isolates found in clean room facility. Consequently, isolation followed by comprehensive and accurate identification is an essential step in any environmental monitoring program.

Findings: We have used the API Staph identification kit (bioMérieux, France) which depends on the expression of metabolic activities and or morphological features to identify the Staphylococcus isolates.