Postjunctional alpha-adrenoceptors in human superficial epigastric arteries and veins.

A pharmacological characterization of the postjunctional alpha-adrenoceptors in human superficial epigastric artery and vein was performed, using several alpha-adrenoceptor subtype selective agonists, and the antagonists prazosin (alpha 1) and rauwolscine (alpha 2). In the arteries prazosin fulfilled the criteria for a competitive antagonism in concentrations 10(-9)-10(-7) M, giving a pA2-value of 9.17 in the Schild plot.

Follow-up evaluation of venous morphologic factors and function after thrombectomy and temporary arteriovenous fistula in thrombosis of iliofemoral vein.

Fifty-seven patients (58 post-thrombotic legs) treated with venous thrombectomy and temporary arteriovenous fistula for thrombosis of the iliofemoral vein were evaluated in a follow-up study regarding clinical, morphologic and functional aspects nine to ten months after thrombectomy. There were 33 men and 24 women, between 15 and 84 years of age (a mean of 51 years). The results of clinical examination revealed that 75 per cent of the patients had a good and 20 per cent a fair result of the treatment.

The effect of pneumatic antishock garments in the treatment of lethal combined hepatic and caval injuries in rats.

Thirty rats were subjected to a standardized lethal hepatic and retrohepatic caval vein injury. The animals were divided into six groups. In addition to controls (I), the animals were treated with a pneumatic antishock garment (PASG) (II), massive intravenous (III), or intra-aortic (IV), saline infusion, or PASG in combination with either massive intravenous (V) or intra-aortic (VI) saline infusion.

The late results after axillo-femoral bypass grafts in patients with leg ischaemia.

The late results--up to six years--after axillo-femoral bypass reconstruction are reported for 85 patients with leg ischaemia who were regarded as poor-risk patients for aortic bypass surgery, or who had aortic graft infection. Velour-Dacron grafts and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, Gore-Tex)--grafts have been used. The cumulative patency rate (life table) six years after graft implantation was 64% (PTFE-grafts) and 58% (Velour-Dacron grafts).

Effect of ticlopidine and prostaglandin E on endotoxin-induced pulmonary platelet sequestration in vivo.

Prostaglandin E1 has earlier been shown to decrease pulmonary platelet trapping (PPT) following shock. This experiment was performed to evaluate a new method to study PPT in vivo, and to study the effect of prostaglandin E1 and a new antiplatelet drug (ticlopidine) on PPT in rabbits after i.v.

Effects of alpha-adrenoceptor subtype-selective antagonists on the human saphenous vein in vivo.

The effects of the alpha-adrenoceptor subtype-selective antagonists prazosin (alpha 1) and yohimbine (alpha 2) on the saphenous vein of six healthy male subjects were investigated in vivo. The drugs were infused locally into the congested (40 mmHg), long saphenous vein constricted by simultaneous local infusion of noradrenaline (NA). Prazosin 10(-9) M (concentration in the infusion solution, infusion rate 0.

Nephrotoxicity of ionic and non-ionic contrast media in aorto-femoral angiography.

Nineteen patients examined with aorto-femoral angiography were randomized into two contrast medium groups (meglumine metrizoate and iohexol). Urine activity of beta-hexosaminidase, a specific renal enzyme, was determined before and on three occasions after angiography. No change of beta-hexosaminidase activity was found after angiography with iohexol, while there was a significant increase after examination with meglumine metrizoate.

Acceleration ratio measurements with ultrasound Doppler in patients with occlusive arterial disease. A prospective investigation.

A prospective investigation was performed concerning the clinical value of Doppler examination with a flow velocity profile analysis using the quotient (AR) between the acceleration of velocity in a supposed diseased artery as compared with the acceleration of flow velocity in a healthy artery. Seventy-nine patients with peripheral arterial disease were followed at least one year after angiography which was performed as a preoperative examination. Comparing AR with angiography and blood pressure measurements it was found that AR values were affected favourably by development of good collaterals.

Revascularization of popliteal and below-knee arteries with polytetrafluoroethylene.

The expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) graft (Gore-tex) is the most frequently used synthetic graft when an alternative to autologous saphenous vein is required. Early results have been encouraging. In the present paper we report on 6 years of results from 153 above-knee (AK) femoropopliteal bypass grafts, 74 below-knee (BK) femoropopliteal bypass grafts, and 54 femorotibial/peroneal bypass grafts.

A neurophysiologic investigation of thoracic outlet syndrome.

Earlier reports have been conflicting as regards the value of neurophysiologic measurements in the diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS), presumably due to differences in selection of patients and in selection and standardization of neurophysiologic tests. The object of the present study was to assess the value of extensive conventional neurophysiologic measurements for the diagnosis of brachial plexus compression in patients with clinical TOS as determined from standardized criteria. The results are discussed in the light of expected neurophysiologic findings at different degrees of brachial plexus compression.

Low prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm in hypertensive patients. A population-based study.

The prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) was estimated by ultrasonography in hypertensives in the age group 50-70 years in geographically defined population. Only one case of AAA was found among 245 patients. This rather unexpected result implies a probability of less than 5% that the true prevalence of AAA is as high as 2% in hypertensives.

A ruptured aortic aneurysm that "spontaneously healed".

A case of recovery after rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm without surgery is presented. The natural course of an abdominal aortic aneurysm is described by means of ultrasound examinations. The healing process after rupture is demonstrated with CT-scan.

The postjunctional alpha-adrenoceptors of the human saphenous vein.

The postjunctional alpha-adrenoceptors in human long saphenous vein were characterized using alpha-adrenoceptor subtype selective agonists and antagonists. The order of potency for the alpha-adrenoceptor agonists used was: Clonidine (alpha 2) greater than BHT-920 (alpha 2) greater than naphazoline (alpha 2) greater than guanfacine (alpha 2) greater than cirazoline (alpha 1) greater than phenylephrine (alpha 1) greater than ST 587 (alpha 1) greater than BHT-933 (alpha 2). Clonidine had the same potency as noradrenaline (NA), but was 52 times more potent than phenylephrine (pEC50 7.

Postjunctional alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors mediating contraction in isolated human groin arteries and veins.

By means of selective agonists and antagonists for alpha 1- and alpha 2-receptors, the alpha-receptor subtypes in human groin arteries and veins were characterized and compared. In the arteries the alpha 1-receptor blocker prazosin caused a concentration-dependent parallel displacement of the noradrenaline (NA) concentration-response (cr) curve without reduction of maximum (pA2 = 9.86); the selective alpha 2-receptor antagonist rauwolscine in the concentration 10(-8) M caused a right-ward shift of the NA cr-curve without reduction of Emax, but 10(-7) M and 10(-6) M caused little or no further shift.

Acute intestinal ischemia. A 14-year retrospective investigation.

The records of 60 patients with acute intestinal ischemia treated between 1969 and 1982 were studied retrospectively. Fifty-three patients (88%) had thrombosis or embolus of the superior mesenteric artery and 7 patients (12%) occlusion of the superior mesenteric vein. Initial symptoms were obscure, although 25% presented with signs of peritonitis.

An experimental method for in vivo studies of pulmonary platelet sequestration.

It has been reported in earlier in vitro studies that soft tissue trauma and endotoxin-induced shock causes pulmonary platelet trapping (PPT). This paper describes a noninvasive in vivo technique for dynamic studies of PPT in rabbits. Autologous platelets were labeled with 111In and reinfused into the animals.

Pharmacological characterization of postjunctional alpha-adrenoceptors in isolated human omental arteries and veins.

The alpha-adrenoceptors in human omental arteries and veins were characterized and compared. In the arteries both prazosin (pA2 9.48) and rauwolscine (pA2 7.

A randomized trial comparing cadexomer iodine and standard treatment in the out-patient management of chronic venous ulcers.

Ninety-three patients with treatment-resistant venous ulcers were included in a multicentre randomized trial to compare cadexomer iodine and the standard treatment used in each centre combined with compression bandages, in healing venous ulcers. The mean duration of ulcers before the trial was more than 2 years. With standard treatment the mean ulcer size increased slightly during the 6-week trial whereas with cadexomer iodine the ulcer size was significantly reduced.

A randomized clinical trial of PTFE versus human umbilical vein for femoropopliteal bypass surgery. Preliminary results.

PTFE (Goretex) and modified human umbilical vein (Biograft) vascular grafts were compared in femorodistal popliteal artery bypass surgery in a randomized clinical multicentre trial. During 18 months 104 patients (104 limbs) entered the trial. Twenty-five patients suffered from claudication, 54 suffered rest pain and 25 patients had ulceration or gangrene.

A comparison of two methods of labelling autologous platelets with 111In-oxine in five different species.

Several different methods for labelling autologous platelets with 111In-oxine have been described. However, no comparative study has been reported. In the present investigation two different labelling methods were compared in terms of labelling efficiency and platelet function in five species: human, dog, pig, rabbit and rat.

Streptokinase treatment of deep venous thrombosis and the postthrombotic syndrome. Follow-up evaluation of venous function.

The conditions of 35 patients with deep venous thrombosis treated with streptokinase were reevaluated after a mean of 29 months with clinical examination, venous plethysmography, foot volumetry, phlebography (28 patients) and femoral vein pressure measurement (24 patients). At follow-up, 25 patients (71%) had symptoms and 22 (63%) had signs of venous insufficiency. Plethysmography was abnormal in 29 patients (83%) and foot volumetry in 25 (72%).

Axillofemoral bypass reconstructions in sixty-one patients with leg ischemia.

During a 5-year period, 61 axillofemoral bypass operations have been performed in patients regarding as poor risks for conventional bifurcations procedures with arteriosclerotic occlusive disease and in patients with graft infections. Velour-Dacron grafts and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-grafts have been used. The results are encouraging with a 3 year graft patency rate of 75% and a 3 year limb salvage rate of 90%.

[Ultrasound diagnosis of non-aneurysmic pulsating abdominal tumors].

Ninety-two patients with a pulsating abdominal mass and suspected abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAcA) were examined by ultrasonography. We diagnosed 48 cases (52%) of AAA and 5 unexpected lesions ventral to the aorta (5%), but in 39 cases (42%) we were not able to explain the symptom in spite of extensive diagnostic efforts and follow-up. Changes of the aorta or transmission of the pulse by adjacent structures are the main cause of a pulsating abdominal mass.