Exploring the Role of MicroRNAs in Progesterone and Estrogen Receptor Expression in Endometriosis.

: Patients with endometriosis still respond poorly to progestins due to progesterone resistance associated with microRNAs (miRNAs). The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of selected miRNAs, estrogen receptor (ER)α, ERβ, progesterone receptor (PR)-A and PR-B and to determine the target genes of upregulated miRNAs in endometriosis. : In this study, 18 controls, 18 eutopic and 18 ectopic samples were analysed.

Assessing the efficacy of tocotrienol-rich fraction vitamin E in obese children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a single-blind, randomized clinical trial.

Background: Childhood obesity is a growing concern, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a significant consequence. Currently, there are no approved drugs to treat NAFLD in children. However, a recent study explored the potential of vitamin E enriched with tocotrienol (TRF) as a powerful antioxidant for NAFLD.

A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial on Lactobacillus-containing cultured milk drink as adjuvant therapy for depression in irritable bowel syndrome.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is frequently linked with coexisting mental illnesses. Our previous study discovered that 32.1% of IBS patients had subthreshold depression (SD), placing them at higher risk of developing major depression.

The Relationship Between Gut Microbiome Estrobolome and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of Current Evidences.

Unlabelled: Breast cancer is the most frequent kind of cancer and the second leading cause of mortality worldwide, behind heart disease. Next-generation sequencing technologies enables for unprecedented enumeration of human resident gut microorganisms, conferring novel insights into the role of the microbiota in health and individuals with breast cancer. A growing body of research on microbial dysbiosis seems to indicate an elevated risk of health complications including cancer.

Methods for identification of the opportunistic gut mycobiome from colorectal adenocarcinoma biopsy tissues.

Colorectal cancer poses a significant threat to global health, necessitating the development of effective early detection techniques. However, the potential of the fungal microbiome as a putative biomarker for the detection of colorectal adenocarcinoma has not been extensively explored. We analyzed the viability of implementing the fungal mycobiome for this purpose.

Roles of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases signaling pathway in inflammation-related cancer: Impact of rs10889677 variant and buparlisib in colitis-associated cancer.

Background: Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases (PI3K) is a well-known route in inflammation-related cancer. Recent discovery on PI3K-related genes revealed a potential variant that links ulcerative colitis (UC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) with colitis-associated cancer (CAC). PI3K/AKT pathway has been recommended as a potential additional therapeutic option for CRC due to its substantial role in modifying cellular processes.

MicroRNAs in Endometriosis: Insights into Inflammation and Progesterone Resistance.

Endometriosis, a non-malignant gynecological disorder influenced by estrogen, involves the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. Its development includes processes such as inflammation, progesterone resistance, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation. Epigenetic factors, particularly the dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs), have emerged as key factors in these mechanisms in endometriosis.

Preventative and Therapeutic Effects of Astaxanthin on NAFLD.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a significant public health issue owing to its high incidence and consequences, and its global prevalence is presently 30% and rising, necessitating immediate action. Given the current controversies related to NAFLD, the search for novel therapeutic interventions continues. Astaxanthin is a carotenoid that primarily originates from marine organisms.

A Review of the Effects of Fucoxanthin on NAFLD.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent form of chronic liver disease. Fucoxanthin, a red-orange marine carotenoid, is found in natural marine seaweeds with high antioxidant activity and several other remarkable biological features. The aim of this review is to gather evidence of the positive benefits of fucoxanthin on NAFLD.

The impact of diet and ethnicity on gut microbiota variation in irritable bowel syndrome: A multi-center study.

Background And Aim: The gut microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is known to vary with diet. We aim to (i) analyze the gut microbiota composition of IBS patients from a multi-ethnic population and (ii) explore the impact of a low FODMAP diet on gastrointestinal symptoms and gut microbiota composition among IBS patients.

Methods: A multi-center study of multi-ethnic Asian patients with IBS was conducted in two phases: (i) an initial cross-sectional gut microbiota composition study of IBS patients and healthy controls, followed by (ii) a single-arm 6-week dietary interventional study of the IBS patients alone, exploring clinical and gut microbiota changes.

Impact of offspring endothelial function from hypertensive disorders during pregnancy: An evidence-based review.

De novo hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) which consist of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia affect maternal and offspring morbidity and mortality, and potentially increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in the offspring. It is well known that HDP causes various maternal complications, including cardiovascular diseases, placental abruption and liver and kidney failure. However, there are studies suggesting that offspring of pregnancies complicated by HDP have an increased risk of long-term cardiovascular disease.

Targeted Sequencing of Cytokine-Induced PI3K-Related Genes in Ulcerative Colitis, Colorectal Cancer and Colitis-Associated Cancer.

Chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease is strongly linked to an increased risk of colitis-associated cancer (CAC). One of the well-known inflammatory carcinogenesis pathways, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), was identified to be a crucial mechanism in long-standing ulcerative colitis (UC). The goal of this study was to identify somatic variants in the cytokine-induced PI3K-related genes in UC, colorectal cancer (CRC) and CAC.

The Roles of Probiotics in the Gut Microbiota Composition and Metabolic Outcomes in Asymptomatic Post-Gestational Diabetes Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Probiotics are widely used as an adjuvant therapy in various diseases. Nonetheless, it is uncertain how they affect the gut microbiota composition and metabolic and inflammatory outcomes in women who have recently experienced gestational diabetes mellitus (post-GDM). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 132 asymptomatic post-GDM women was conducted to close this gap (Clinical Trial Registration: NCT05273073).

Roles of microRNAs in Regulating Apoptosis in the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis.

Endometriosis is a gynecologic disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial tissues outside the uterine cavity affecting reproductive-aged women. Previous studies have shown that microRNAs and their target mRNAs are expressed differently in endometriosis, suggesting that this molecule may play a role in the development and persistence of endometriotic lesions. microRNA (miRNA), a small non-coding RNA fragment, regulates cellular functions such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis by the post-transcriptional modulation of gene expression.

Lifting the Veil: Characteristics, Clinical Significance, and Application of β-2-Microglobulin as Biomarkers and Its Detection with Biosensors.

Because β-2-microglobulin (βM) is a surface protein that is present on most nucleated cells, it plays a key role in the human immune system and the kidney glomeruli to regulate homeostasis. The primary clinical significance of βM is in dialysis-related amyloidosis, a complication of end-stage renal disease caused by a gradual accumulation of βM in the blood. Therefore, the function of βM in kidney-related diseases has been extensively studied to evaluate its glomerular and tubular functions.

Gut Dysbiosis and Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction: Potential Explanation for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease that commonly affects individuals aged more than 50 years old globally. Regular colorectal screening, which is recommended for individuals aged 50 and above, has decreased the number of cancer death toll over the years. However, CRC incidence has increased among younger population (below 50 years old).

Incidence and clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer among multi-ethnic patients in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: a hospital-based retrospective analysis over two decades.

Background: The incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Asian countries is increasing. Furthermore, recent studies have shown a concerning rise in the incidence of CRC among younger patients aged less than 50 years. This study aimed to analyze the incidence trends and clinicopathological features in patients with early-onset CRC (EOCRC) and later-onset CRC (at age ≥ 50 years).

The Effect of Probiotics (MCP BCMC Strains) on Hepatic Steatosis, Small Intestinal Mucosal Immune Function, and Intestinal Barrier in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) currently consists of lifestyle modifications such as a low-fat diet, weight loss, and exercise. The gut microbiota forms part of the gut-liver axis and serves as a potential target for NAFLD treatment. We investigated the effect of probiotics on hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and biochemical blood tests in patients with NAFLD.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Depression, and Neurodegeneration: A Bidirectional Communication from Gut to Brain.

Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are increasingly presenting with a wide range of neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as deterioration in gastroenteric physiology, including visceral hypersensitivity, altered intestinal membrane permeability, and gastrointestinal motor dysfunction. Functional imaging of IBS patients has revealed several abnormalities in various brain regions, such as significant activation of amygdala, thinning of insular and anterior cingulate cortex, and increase in hypothalamic gray matter, which results in poor psychiatric and cognitive outcomes. Interrelations between the enteric and central events in IBS-related gastrointestinal, neurological, and psychiatric pathologies have compelled researchers to study the gut-brain axis-a bidirectional communication that maintains the homeostasis of the gastrointestinal and central nervous system with gut microbiota as the protagonist.

Diet and Pre-Intervention Washout Modifies the Effects of Probiotics on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Dynamic interactions among gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), gut microbiota, inflammation, oxidative stress, and probiotics are increasingly acknowledged. This meta-analysis aimed to summarize the effects of probiotics in GDM, focusing on lifestyle intervention and pre-intervention washout, in addition to metabolic, inflammation, oxidative stress, and pregnancy outcomes. Three electronic databases (i.

Possible Hepatoprotective Effect of Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction Vitamin E in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Children and Adolescents.

Obesity has become a worldwide health concern among the pediatric population. The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is growing rapidly, alongside the high prevalence of obesity. NAFLD refers to a multifactorial disorder that includes simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with or devoid of fibrosis.

Gut Microbiota Signature Among Asian Post-gestational Diabetes Women Linked to Macronutrient Intakes and Metabolic Phenotypes.

Aberrant gut microbiota dysbiosis in women with a previous history of gestational diabetes mellitus (post-GDM) was comparable to that in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Nonetheless, potential relationships between diet, gut microbiota, and metabolic phenotypes in post-GDM women after delivery are yet to be discovered. In this research, we assessed the relationship of the macronutrient intakes, gut microbiota composition, and metabolic phenotypes (i.

Oncogenic Role of miR-200c-3p in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Progression via Targeting the 3'-Untranslated Region of DLC1.

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) is the most common ovarian cancer with highly metastatic properties. A small non-coding RNA, microRNA (miRNA) was discovered to be a major regulator in many types of cancers through binding at the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR), leading to degradation of the mRNA. In this study, we sought to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved in the dysregulation of miR-200c-3p in HGSC progression and metastasis.

Anti-inflammatory diet and inflammatory bowel disease: what clinicians and patients should know?

Current treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes the application of anti-inflammatory agents for the induction and remission of IBD. However, prolonged use of anti-inflammatory agents can exert adverse effects on patients. Recently, formulated dietary approach in treating IBD patients is utilized to improve clinical activity scores.