A Behaviorally Informed Mobile App to Improve the Nutritional Quality of Grocery Shopping (SwapSHOP): Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Interventions targeting the nutritional quality of grocery shopping have the potential to help improve diet and health outcomes.

Objective: This study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of receiving advice on healthier food purchases through SwapSHOP, a behaviorally informed smartphone app that allows users to scan barcodes of grocery products from the United Kingdom, providing nutritional information and personalized swap suggestions to encourage healthier purchases.

Methods: We randomized adult volunteers in a 6-arm parallel-group controlled feasibility trial.

Dietary Approaches to the Management Of type 2 Diabetes (DIAMOND) in primary care: A protocol for a cluster randomised trial.

Introduction: There is strong evidence that type 2 diabetes (T2D) remission can be achieved by adopting a low-energy diet achieved through total dietary replacement products. There is promising evidence that low-carbohydrate diets can achieve remission of T2D. The Dietary Approaches to the Management of type 2 Diabetes (DIAMOND) programme combines both approaches in a behaviourally informed low-energy, low-carbohydrate diet for people with T2D, delivered by nurses in primary care.

Testing the short-term effectiveness of primary care referral to online weight loss programmes: A randomised controlled trial.

Guidelines ask health professionals to offer brief advice to encourage weight loss for people living with obesity. We tested whether referral to one of three online programmes could lead to successful weight loss. A total of 528 participants aged ≥18 years with a body mass index of ≥30 kg/m were invited via a letter from their GP.

The effect of the magnitude of weight loss on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Trials show that weight loss interventions improve biomarkers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but it is unclear if a dose-response relationship exists.

Objective: We aimed to quantify the dose-response relationship between the magnitude of weight loss and improvements in NAFLD.

Methods: Nine databases and trial registries were searched until October 2020.

Evaluation of an intervention to provide brief support and personalized feedback on food shopping to reduce saturated fat intake (PC-SHOP): A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Guidelines recommend reducing saturated fat (SFA) intake to decrease cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but there is limited evidence on scalable and effective approaches to change dietary intake, given the large proportion of the population exceeding SFA recommendations. We aimed to develop a system to provide monthly personalized feedback and healthier swaps based on nutritional analysis of loyalty card data from the largest United Kingdom grocery store together with brief advice and support from a healthcare professional (HCP) in the primary care practice. Following a hybrid effectiveness-feasibility design, we tested the effects of the intervention on SFA intake and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol as well as the feasibility and acceptability of providing nutritional advice using loyalty card data.

A food-based, low-energy, low-carbohydrate diet for people with type 2 diabetes in primary care: A randomized controlled feasibility trial.

Aim: To examine the feasibility of a food-based, low-energy, low-carbohydrate diet with behavioural support delivered by practice nurses for patients with type 2 diabetes.

Materials And Methods: People with type 2 diabetes and a body mass index (BMI) of ≥30 kg/m were randomized 2:1 to intervention or control (usual care) and assessed at 12 weeks. The intervention comprised an 800-1000 kcal/day, food-based, low-carbohydrate (<26% energy) diet for 8 weeks, followed by a 4-week weight maintenance period and four 15-20-minute appointments with a nurse.

Association of Weight Loss Interventions With Changes in Biomarkers of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects about 25% of adults worldwide and is associated with obesity. Weight loss may improve biomarkers of liver disease, but its implications have not been systematically reviewed and quantified.

Objective: To estimate the association of weight loss interventions with biomarkers of liver disease in NAFLD.

Prominent positioning and food swaps are effective interventions to reduce the saturated fat content of the shopping basket in an experimental online supermarket: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Interventions to reduce the saturated fat (SFA) content of food purchases may help reduce SFA consumption and lower cardiovascular risk. This factorial RCT aimed to examine the effect of altering the default order of foods and being offered a swap on the SFA content of food selected during an online shopping experiment.

Methods: UK adults who were the primary grocery shoppers for their household were recruited online and invited to select items in a custom-made experimental online supermarket using a 10-item shopping list.

Dietary Approaches to the Management Of type 2 Diabetes (DIAMOND): protocol for a randomised feasibility trial.

Introduction: Some clinicians have observed that low-carbohydrate, low-energy diets can improve blood glucose control, with reports of remission from type 2 diabetes in some patients. In clinical trials, support for low-carbohydrate, low-energy diets has been provided by specialist staff and these programmes are unsuitable for widespread deployment in routine primary care. The aim of this trial is to test whether a newly developed behavioural support programme can effectively deliver a low-energy, low-carbohydrate diet in a primary care setting.

Changes in Nutritional Status after Deep Brain Stimulation of the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer's Disease--Results of a Phase I Study.

Objective: The progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with impaired nutritional status. New methods, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), are currently being tested to decrease the progression of AD. DBS is an approved method in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and its suitability for the treatment of AD patients is currently under experimental investigation.

Association of anemia and hypoalbuminemia in German geriatric inpatients: Relationship to nutritional status and comprehensive geriatric assessment.

Background: Anemia and hypoalbuminemia (HA) are acknowledged independent risk factors for morbidity and mortality in geriatric patients and are associated with nutritional status and frailty. Data exist regarding the association between albumin and frailty, anemia and frailty as well as frailty and nutritional status; however, there is a lack of information on the association between HA, anemia and nutritional status in older people.

Patients And Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 626 patients admitted to a German geriatrics department (average age 81.

Resting energy expenditure (REE) in an old-old population: implications for metabolic stress.

The basis of nutritional therapy and thus an adequate nutrient intake is the assessment of energy need. On the other end, the assessment of individual energy requirements based on the gold standard, indirect calorimetry, is associated with feasibility difficulties in geriatric settings. To identify the most accurate predictive equations for resting energy expenditure (REE) in older subjects with overweight, 17 predictive equations were compared to indirect calorimetry measurement in a study population of 20 obese older subjects (mean BMI 33.

Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer's dementia.

Cholinergic neurons of the medial forebrain are considered important contributors to brain plasticity and neuromodulation. A reduction of cholinergic innervation can lead to pathophysiological changes of neurotransmission and is observed in Alzheimer's disease. Here we report on six patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) treated with bilateral low-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM).

[Perioperative nutritional therapy].

Background: There is no difference in medical and nutritional therapy between elderly and young surgical patients. However, based on the high prevalence of malnutrition or a risk for malnutrition and the associated risk for complications, elderly surgical patients should receive special attention.

Aim: This article addresses the options in perioperative nutritional therapy and gives an overview on current guidelines and study results.