Publications by authors named "Nordgren R"
Background: Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) in medicine and women faculty have lower 10-year promotion rates than their White and male peers, despite controlling for productivity metrics. Promotion standards vary across institutions, but there is likely a common need to improve transparency and consistency while mitigating bias, inequity, and the harm of additional equity work that is commonly expected of Black, Indigenous, People of Color and women faculty (the so-called minority tax).
Methods: A promotion advisory committee consisting of clinical and research faculty at all ranks specified expectations for a faculty member at the associate or full professor ranks, with 10-15 examples given for each "mission" (clinical, research, and education).
Background: Robotic-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP) has been widely utilized within pediatric urology as RALP provides additional advantages to laparoscopic pyeloplasty including a more manageable learning curve. We aim to describe the maturation and mastery of pediatric RALP through our proposed trifecta of operative time, complication rates, and surgical success rates.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 148 patients who underwent RALP between 2007 and 2022.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the potential association of perioperative hearing outcomes with frailty by Modified 5-Item Frailty Index (mFI-5).
Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.
Setting: Single-institutional study conducted at a tertiary care hospital between January 2018 and January 2022.
Objective: Well-designed patient education materials (PEMs) increase health literacy, which has been linked to better surgical patient outcomes. The quality of lung cancer surgery PEMs is unknown, however. Here we assessed printed lung cancer surgery PEMs for readability, understandability, actionability, and accessibility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) in children is uncommon, resulting in a paucity of data describing the disease process in this population. Herein, in an effort to bridge the information gap, we review our experience with pHPT in adolescent patients under 20 y of age at a specialized tertiary referral center.
Methods: A retrospective chart review included all adolescent patients with pHPT, who underwent surgery at our institution between 2004 and 2023.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how social vulnerability affects breast cancer stage at diagnosis and mortality, highlighting persistent disparities despite advancements in screening and treatment.* -
- Researchers analyzed data from 3,499 women diagnosed between 2012 and 2019, using the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) to assess risk based on their home addresses.* -
- Results show that higher SVI scores correlate with greater odds of advanced-stage breast cancer and increased all-cause mortality, particularly for those in the most vulnerable communities.*
Article Synopsis
- This study examines whether surgery prior to peptide receptor radionuclide therapy improves outcomes for patients with metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
- A total of 89 patients were analyzed, with 56 undergoing surgery before receiving therapy, leading to a median progression-free survival of 26.1 months versus 15.6 months for those who did not have surgery.
- Results indicated that surgical intervention, particularly liver debulking, resulted in lower tumor volumes and significantly better progression-free survival outcomes, suggesting a potential benefit of timing in treatment approaches.
Importance: Data on the performance of traumatic brain injury (TBI) biomarkers within minutes of injury are lacking.
Objectives: To examine the performance of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2) within 30 and 60 minutes of TBI in identifying intracranial lesions on computed tomography (CT) scan, need for neurosurgical intervention (NSI), and clinically important early outcomes (CIEO).
Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study is a biomarker analysis of a multicenter prehospital TBI cohort from the Prehospital Tranexamic Acid Use for TBI clinical trial conducted across 20 centers and 39 emergency medical systems in North America from May 2015 to March 2017.
Article Synopsis
- Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic drug effective in reducing mortality from traumatic brain injuries when administered within 2 hours, typically via intravenous (IV) access, which can be challenging to obtain in some settings.
- This study aimed to compare the total drug exposure of TXA administered through intraosseous (IO) access versus IV access in patients with moderate to severe brain injuries, using data from a prehospital trial.
- The results included a cohort of 966 participants, with 345 receiving TXA, showing no significant differences in demographics or renal function between those who received TXA via IO or IV access, indicating that both routes might have similar efficacy for drug exposure.
A fully automatic tool for development of population pharmacokinetic models.
CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol
October 2024
Population pharmacokinetic (PK) models are widely used to inform drug development by pharmaceutical companies and facilitate drug evaluation by regulatory agencies. Developing a population PK model is a multi-step, challenging, and time-consuming process involving iterative manual model fitting and evaluation. A tool for fully automatic model development (AMD) of common population PK models is presented here.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: With the rise of social media, online platforms have become a common way to access healthcare information. This study examines the quality of pediatric acute otitis media (AOM) videos on TikTok, a popular short-form video social media platform.
Methods: A TikTok search was conducted between 8/18 and 8/19/2023 using pediatric AOM hashtags: #pediatric acute otitis media management, #kid ear infections remedy, #child ear infections treatment, and #kid ear infection.
Background: Frailty is independently associated with adverse patient outcomes after surgery. The current standards of postoperative care rarely consider frailty status.
Local Problem: There was no standardized protocol to optimize specialized postoperative care for frail patients at an academic medical center.
Background: Portable ex vivo lung perfusion during lung transplantation is a resource-intensive technology. In light of its increasing use, we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of ex vivo lung perfusion at a low-volume lung transplant center in the USA.
Methods: Patients listed for lung transplantation (2015-2021) in the United Network for Organ Sharing database were included.
Background: Frailty predicts poorer outcomes in surgical patients. Recent studies have found socioeconomic status to be an important characteristic for surgical outcomes. We evaluated the association of Area Deprivation Index (ADI) and Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), two geospatial atlases that provide a multidimensional evaluation of neighborhood deprivation, with frailty in a surgery population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - Elevated levels of metanephrines and catecholamines are used to diagnose pheochromocytoma, and this study investigates how tumor size relates to these biochemical markers and symptoms to potentially guide surgical timing.
- - Researchers analyzed data from 63 patients who underwent surgery for pheochromocytoma, focusing on tumor size, biochemical activity, and symptoms over a 10-year period.
- - The results indicated a strong correlation between tumor size and biochemical activity, with tumors ≥2.3 cm producing significantly higher hormone levels, suggesting that tumor size can help determine when surgery should occur.
A Social Media Quality Review of Popular Sinusitis Videos on TikTok.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
May 2024
Objective: Social media may inform health care decisions among younger patient populations. TikTok is a social media platform that allows users to post short-form videos. This study aimed to assess the quality of sinusitis-related videos on TikTok.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The American Association for Thoracic Surgery recommends frailty assessments to identify patients at higher risk of complications during surgery.
- A study of 317 patients over 19 months found that 62.5% were either frail or prefrail, with frail patients generally being older, single or never married, and having lower lung function and income.
- The results indicated that non-Hispanic Black patients were more likely to be frail or prefrail compared to non-Hispanic White patients, primarily due to differences in activity levels and gait speed.
Socioeconomic status is associated with pediatric adenotonsillectomy outcomes: A single institution study.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol
February 2024
Objective: Our institution serves a diverse patient population across a large metropolitan city. Literature has shown pediatric otolaryngology patients with lower socioeconomic status (SES) have higher rates of sleep-disordered breathing, delays in treatment time, and greater risks of complications post-tonsillectomy. This study aims to examine the effects of SES on adenotonsillectomy outcomes performed at our institution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Reported outcomes after surgical debulking in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases (NETLM) are sparse.
Methods: NETLM patients that underwent surgical debulking from 2019 to 2021 were reviewed. Trends in perioperative liver function, complications, symptom response, and progression-free survival were examined.
Objectives: Health-related quality of life has been well studied across transplantation fields, but factors associated with lung transplant preoperative and postoperative quality of life remain unknown. Here, we determine factors associated with health-related quality of life in lung transplant candidates and recipients to identify patients at risk of lower health-related quality of life.
Materials And Methods: From January 2021 to May 2022, health-related quality of life was measured in candidates and recipients using the RAND 36-Item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire.
Background: Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood, and high-risk disease is resistant to intensive treatment. Histotripsy is a focused ultrasound therapy under development for tissue ablation bubble activity. The goal of this study was to assess outcomes of histotripsy ablation in a xenograft model of high-risk NB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of Demographic Changes of Workforce Diversity in Otolaryngology, 2013 to 2022.
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
July 2023
Importance: Given the growth of minoritized groups in the US and the widening racial and ethnic health disparities, improving diversity remains a proposed solution in the field of otolaryngology. Evaluating current trends in workforce diversity may highlight potential areas for improvement.
Objective: To understand the changes in gender, racial, and ethnic diversity in the otolaryngology workforce in comparison with changes in the general surgery and neurosurgery workforces from 2013 to 2022.
Objective: To compare outcomes of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) resection between embolized and non-embolized cohorts, and between transarterial embolization (TAE) and direct puncture embolization (DPE).
Data Sources: Per PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched for publications prior to or in 2021.
Materials And Methods: Original English manuscripts investigating the resection of JNA with and without preoperative embolization were included.
Introduction: Household-level psychosocial stress levels have been linked to child tooth brushing behaviors. Community health worker (CHW) interventions that target psychosocial factors in high-risk communities have been associated with changes in health behaviors.
Aim: Observe changes in psychosocial factors over time and an association between psychosocial factors and CHW intervention dose amongst urban Chicago families.
Objectives: Coordinated Oral health Promotion (CO-OP) Chicago is a cluster randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of a community health worker (CHW) intervention to improve tooth brushing in low-income children.
Methods: Four hundred twenty children under 3 years old (mean 21.5 months) were recruited from 20 sites in or near Chicago, IL.