Transcranial sonography depicts a larger substantia nigra echogenic area in renal transplant patients on calcineurin inhibitors than on rapamycin.

Background: After kidney transplantation neurologic manifestations may develop, including Parkinson's disease (PD). An enlarged substantia nigra (SN) by transcranial sonography has been recognized as a marker of PD.

Methods: In renal transplant recipients (RTRs = 95) and controls (n = 20), measurement of mesencephalon, SN, third ventricle, spleen and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and middle cerebral artery (MCA), kidney and spleen arteries Doppler resistive index (RI) were performed.

The spleen size in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Introduction: Inflammation promotes the progression of chronic renal failure, and the start of dialysis worsens inflammation. The enlargement of the spleen is associated with inflammation, and patients on hemodialysis may show a large spleen. The aim of the present study was to compare the spleen size of patients undergoing hemodialysis versus controls to update this thread.

Determinants of the serial changes in measurements of renal allograft Doppler resistive index in the first postoperative month.

Introduction: The role of single Doppler-derived renal resistive index (RI) in renal allograft management is still a controversial issue, however detection of changes in serial duplex scanning has been reported as more valuable. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that early change in RI following transplantation may be related to factors associated with delayed graft function (DGF).

Material And Methods: 113 patients were included, in whom two RI measurements were performed within 30 days post-transplant.

Sonographically determined kidney measurements are better able to predict histological changes and a low CKD-EPI eGFR when weighted towards cortical echogenicity.

Background: The renal length and cortical echogenicity have shown correlation to the renal function and histological changes in CKD patients. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of crude and composite ultrasound parameters based on kidney measurements and cortical echogenicity to detect renal dysfunction and histological changes.

Methods: Kidney sonography and biopsy were performed in 112 patients.

Time-intensity curve analysis of contrast-enhanced ultrasound is unable to differentiate renal dysfunction in the early post-transplant period - a prospective study.

Background: Contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) assessment of kidney allografts mainly focuses on graft rejection. However, studies on delayed graft function (DGF) without acute rejection are still lacking. The aim of this study was to build a time-intensity curve (TIC) using CEUS in non-immunological DGF to understand the utility of CEUS in early transplantation.

Renal oncocytoma in a kidney transplant patient: the imaging features on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS): a case report.

Renal oncocytoma is an infrequently reported renal neoplasm, often asymptomatic, which usually behaves as a benign entity and is identified accidentally on radiological imaging. Transplant patients under long-term immunosuppressive drugs have a high prevalence of cancers, such as skin cancers, lymphoproliferative disorders, and renal carcinomas. We present a case report of an asymptomatic renal oncocytoma in a kidney transplant recipient presenting persistent hematuria.

Howell-Jolly bodies and liver-spleen scanning for assessment of splenic filtrative function yields discordant results in renal transplant recipients.

Given discrepancies between methods for diagnosing hyposplenism, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the spleen size on the correlation between the methods, and to propose a model for improving the interpretation. Patients with renal allografts were included, in whom the spleen was assessed using Doppler ultrasound, scintiscan, and the presence of Howell-Jolly bodies (HJBs) in peripheral smears. In 35 subjects, scintiscan and HJBs were normal (Group 0); 20 had an abnormal result in both methods (Group 1); 34 had discordant results with HJBs present (Group 2); and 14 had discordant results with decreased spleen uptake (Group 3).

Transcranial sonography as a diagnostic tool for Parkinson's disease: a pilot study in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Unlabelled: In Brazil there is no systematic study on Transcranial Sonography (TCS), a neuroimaging method that depicts echogenic deep brain structures using ultrasound.

Objective: To establish the percentage of subjects with permissive temporal windows and to address the ability of TCS of the substantia nigra (SN) to distinguish parkinsonian patients in a Brazilian sample.

Method: We performed TCS using the Acuson X300 (Siemens, Germany) in 37 individuals: 23 with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 14 healthy controls.

A clinical predictor index for renal survival.

Introduction: A clinical index that discriminates disease progression independent of histopathologic features may be valuable in the best timing of biopsy.

Objective: This study addresses the question if a clinical index based on cortical echogenicity, renal length to body height ratio (KL/H), and serum creatinine levels predicts renal survival.

Methods: The study enrolled 154 patients.

[Renal parenchymal disease: histopathologic-sonographic correlation].

Purpose: This study was designed to address the correlation between sonography of a kidney with histological lesions and clinical findings in patients with renal parenchymal disease based on a multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Methods: Clinical and laboratory data, sonograms and renal biopsies were evaluated in 154 patients. Cortical echogenicity was graded as less than (0), equal to (1) or greater than (2) liver/spleen parenchyma.

Screening for CLCN5 mutation in renal calcium stone formers patients.

Unlabelled: Thirty-five patients (23 males and 12 females), age 35 +/- 13 years old, presenting either idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis or mild renal failure with idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis were selected for the analysis of low molecular weight proteinuria and the possible mutations occurrence in the chloride channel gene CLCN5. The urinary ratio of beta2-microglobulin and creatinine (beta2M/Cr) was very high in a transplanted woman with nephrocalcinosis (> 3.23 mg/mmol) and slightly high in five patients (> 0.