The AxBioTick study - immune gene expression signatures in human skin bitten by Borrelia-infected versus non-infected ticks.

Background: Borrelia infection is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and transmitted by Ixodes ricinus ticks, a common tick-borne infection in Northern Europe. The establishment of Borrelia infection depends on transmission of the spirochetes, as well as the immune response generated in the skin after a bite. Here we aim to investigate the local immune response in the skin after a tick bite and assess the possible direct effects of Borrelia, by applying gene expression analysis of the immune response in skin exposed to Borrelia-infected and non-infected ticks, respectively.

Food Insecurity's Association with Depression and Anxiety in an Underserved Heart Failure Population: Addressing Access to Food.

Heart failure (HF) is a complex and chronic condition that requires ongoing management, and in patients with adverse social determinants of health (SDOH) disease management can become challenging. Food insecurity (FI), a common adverse SDOH, can have negative consequences for those living with HF. Heart failure and SDOH also have significant impacts on mental health and well-being.

Iron Deficiency Among Hospitalized Patients With Congestive Heart Failure.

Introduction: Studies have demonstrated the efficacy of intravenous (IV) iron when administered to patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and iron deficiency (ID). We aimed to better understand the adherence of treatment for ID among a population with CHF, with particular interest in high-risk groups not often studied due to inadequate recruitment.

Methods: A retrospective chart review at our institution was conducted from January 1, 2012, to July 7, 2021.

Nurse assistants' perception of caring for older persons who are dying in their own home : An interview study.

Background: As the proportion of older persons in society increases, there is a growing trend towards providing end-of-life care in their homes. Palliative care is a complex and knowledge-demanding form of care, and nurse assistants are those who work closest to the older person at the end-of-life in their own homes. However, nurse assistants sometimes have low educational and insufficient levels of knowledge in palliative care, which can affect the quality of care they provide.

Is the performance of acute appendectomy at different times of day equal, in terms of postoperative complications, readmission, death, and length of hospital stay? A Swedish retrospective cohort study of 4950 patients.

Purpose: Appendicitis is one of the most common acute surgical conditions globally, and hence appendectomy is a common procedure performed around the clock in many hospitals. The aim of the current study was to determine whether acute appendectomy due to acute appendicitis performed during day, evening, and night was equally safe, in terms of postoperative complications, readmission, death, and length of hospital stay.

Methods: A retrospective single-center cohort study, using a local quality register of all consecutive acute appendectomies performed at the Department of Surgery, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.

Nursing-sensitive quality indicators for quality improvement in Norwegian nursing homes - a modified Delphi study.

Background: Use of nursing-sensitive quality indicators (QIs) is one way to monitor the quality of care in nursing homes (NHs). The aim of this study was to develop a consensus list of nursing-sensitive QIs for Norwegian NHs.

Methods: A narrative literature review followed by a non-in-person, two-round, six-step modified Delphi survey was conducted.

Diagnostic probability classification in suspected borreliosis by a novel C6-peptide IgG1- subclass antibody test.

The tick-borne multisystemic infection caused by , Lyme borreliosis, or Lyme disease, occurring in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, continues to spread geographically with the expanding tick population. Despite the rising perceived risk of infection in the population, the clinical diagnosis of Borrelia infection is not always obvious and the most important laboratory test, antibody detection, has limited accuracy in diagnosing active disease. According to international guidelines, the primary serology test, which has a high sensitivity-low specificity, should, be verified using a high specificity confirmation test to improve the specificity.

Effects of family-based treatment on adolescent outpatients treated for anorexia nervosa in the Eating Disorder Unit of Helsinki University Hospital.

Background: Family therapy for adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN) has stronger evidence of efficacy in comparison with individual therapy, and family-based treatment (FBT) is the most evaluated in numerous randomized clinical trials. However, few studies have focused on how FBT performs outside of research settings. The current study is the first to assess clinical outcomes of FBT for adolescent AN in Finland, in a specialized outpatient clinic.

The AxBioTick Study: Species and Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus in Ticks, and Clinical Responses in Tick-Bitten Individuals on the Aland Islands, Finland.

The AxBioTick study was initiated to investigate the prevalence of ticks and tick-borne pathogens and their impact on antibody and clinical responses in tick-bitten individuals on the Aland Islands. This geographical area is hyperendemic for both Lyme borreliosis (LB) and Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). Blood samples and ticks were collected from 100 tick-bitten volunteers.

Cattle farm dust alters cytokine levels in human airway construct model.

Epidemiological studies have revealed some alterations in systemic immunity that associate with farm exposure and the risk of respiratory diseases, but in vitro studies focusing on immunological responses in the airways are scarce. Our aim was to assess how cowshed dust affects the integrity and inflammation of human airway tissue in vitro. Cowshed dust samples were collected from four different dairy farms.

Metallothionein and Cadmium Toxicology-Historical Review and Commentary.

More than one and a half centuries ago, adverse human health effects were reported after use of a cadmium-containing silver polishing agent. Long-term cadmium exposure gives rise to kidney or bone disease, reproductive toxicity and cancer in animals and humans. At present, high human exposures to cadmium occur in small-scale mining, underlining the need for preventive measures.

Early administration of tocilizumab in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with elevated inflammatory markers; COVIDSTORM-a prospective, randomized, single-centre, open-label study.

Objectives: Severe COVID-19 is associated with an imbalanced immune response. We hypothesized that patients with enhanced inflammation, as demonstrated by increased levels of certain inflammatory biomarkers, would benefit from interleukin-6 blockage.

Methods: Patients hospitalized with COVID-19, hypoxemia, and at least two of four markedly elevated markers of inflammation (interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, ferritin, and/or D-dimer) were randomized for tocilizumab (TCZ) plus standard of care (SoC) or SoC alone.

Elucidating the combinatorial effect of substrate stiffness and surface viscoelasticity on cellular phenotype.

Cells maintain tensional homeostasis by monitoring the mechanics of their microenvironment. In order to understand this mechanotransduction phenomenon, hydrogel materials have been developed with either controllable linear elastic or viscoelastic properties. Native biological tissues, and biomaterials used for medical purposes, often have complex mechanical properties.

Complications of Gastrostomy Tubes in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer.

Objectives: Head and neck cancers (HNCs) include various malignant tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract. Due to their anatomical location, HNCs can cause obstruction, odynophagia, or trismus, leading to dysphagia. In addition, this patient group may be vulnerable to treatment side effects both by surgery and oncological treatment, exposing the patients to an even higher risk of malnutrition.

Toxicological transcriptome of human airway constructs after exposure to indoor air particulate matter: In search of relevant pathways of moisture damage-associated health effects.

Background: Multiple health effects are associated with moisture damage in buildings. Studies explaining these associations and cell-level mechanisms behind the observed health effects are urgently called for.

Objectives: We focused on characterizing gene expression in human airway epithelium after exposure to indoor air particulate matter (PM) sampled from houses with and without moisture damage, alongside determination of general toxicological markers.

Problems associated with mass border testing of COVID-19.

We evaluated the yield of exit screening for SARS-Cov-2 performed in order for travellers to meet entry requirements to Sweden. Among 472 people screened, no infectious case of COVID-19 was detected, while two previously known cases were redetected after having already completed isolation. Our data suggest that depending on the epidemiological situation in the area of departure, border screening can lead to very low positive predictive values and very high costs per relevant case detected.

Search for Dark Matter Produced in Association with a Dark Higgs Boson Decaying into W^{±}W^{∓} or ZZ in Fully Hadronic Final States from sqrt[s]=13 TeV pp Collisions Recorded with the ATLAS Detector.

Several extensions of the Standard Model predict the production of dark matter particles at the LHC. An uncharted signature of dark matter particles produced in association with VV=W^{±}W^{∓} or ZZ pairs from a decay of a dark Higgs boson s is searched for using 139  fb^{-1} of pp collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The s→V(qq[over ¯])V(qq[over ¯]) decays are reconstructed with a novel technique aimed at resolving the dense topology from boosted VV pairs using jets in the calorimeter and tracking information.

Longitudinal Flow Decorrelations in Xe+Xe Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.44 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

The first measurement of longitudinal decorrelations of harmonic flow amplitudes v_{n} for n=2-4 in Xe+Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.44  TeV is obtained using 3  μb^{-1} of data with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The decorrelation signal for v_{3} and v_{4} is found to be nearly independent of collision centrality and transverse momentum (p_{T}) requirements on final-state particles, but for v_{2} a strong centrality and p_{T} dependence is seen.

Piscine Orthoreovirus (PRV)-3, but Not PRV-2, Cross-Protects against PRV-1 and Heart and Skeletal Muscle Inflammation in Atlantic Salmon.

Heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI), caused by infection with (PRV-1), is a common disease in farmed Atlantic salmon (). Both an inactivated whole virus vaccine and a DNA vaccine have previously been tested experimentally against HSMI and demonstrated to give partial but not full protection. To understand the mechanisms involved in protection against HSMI and evaluate the potential of live attenuated vaccine strategies, we set up a cross-protection experiment using PRV genotypes not associated with disease development in Atlantic salmon.

Medium-Induced Modification of Z-Tagged Charged Particle Yields in Pb+Pb Collisions at 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

The yield of charged particles opposite to a Z boson with large transverse momentum (p_{T}) is measured in 260  pb^{-1} of pp and 1.7  nb^{-1} of Pb+Pb collision data at 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.