Exploring dietary changes and supplement use among cancer patients in Norway: prevalence, motivations, disclosure, information, and perceived risks and benefits: a cross sectional study.

Background: Cancer is the leading cause of death in Norway, with prostate, breast, lung, and colon cancers being the most prevalent types. Adopting a healthy and varied diet can help reduce cancer risk and recurrence. However, access to dietary counselling remains limited for cancer patients in Norway.

Mapping Lesion-Related Epilepsy to a Human Brain Network.

Importance: It remains unclear why lesions in some locations cause epilepsy while others do not. Identifying the brain regions or networks associated with epilepsy by mapping these lesions could inform prognosis and guide interventions.

Objective: To assess whether lesion locations associated with epilepsy map to specific brain regions and networks.

Communication About Complementary and Alternative Medicine When Patients Decline Conventional Cancer Treatment: Patients' and Physicians' Experiences.

Background: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is a broad set of nonconventional practices used alongside or instead of conventional treatment: The latter poses obvious risks related to cancer prognosis. Patient-physician dialogue about CAM is crucial for patient safety and mutual trust. Little is known about communication in the rare situations when patients decline recommended cancer treatment and consider using CAM.

Brain lesion locations associated with secondary seizure generalization in tumors and strokes.

Structural brain lesions are the most common cause of adult-onset epilepsy. The lesion location may contribute to the risk for epileptogenesis, but whether specific lesion locations are associated with a risk for secondary seizure generalization from focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures, is unknown. We identified patients with a diagnosis of adult-onset epilepsy caused by an ischemic stroke or a tumor diagnosed at the Turku University Hospital in 2004-2017.

Use of CAM among cancer patients : Results of a regional survey in Sweden.

Background: The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by patients is widespread. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the extent and details of patient CAM use in Sweden, especially in rural Sweden. The aim of this study was to estimate the extent and characteristics of CAM use among cancer patients in Region Gävleborg.

Prevalence of late and long-term effects of cancer (treatment) and use of complementary and alternative medicine in Norway.

Background: The increasing number of patients surviving cancer leads to more people experiencing late and long term-effects from the disease and its treatment. Fatigue, sleep disorders, early menopause, pain, and nerve damage are commonly reported. Methods helping people to recover after cancer treatment are therefore essential.

Safety and use of complementary and alternative medicine in Norway during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic using an adapted version of the I-CAM-Q; a cross-sectional survey.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic lockdown has had a profound impact on physical and mental well-being throughout the world. Previous studies have revealed that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is frequently used for, and can be potential beneficial for strengthening physical mental resilience. The aims of this study were therefore to determine the prevalence and reasons for use of CAM during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among a representative sample of the Norwegian population, and further determine self-reported effects and adverse effects of the CAM modalities used.

Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in the context of cancer; prevalence, reasons for use, disclosure, information received, risks and benefits reported by people with cancer in Norway.

Background: Research exploring the use of specific Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) modalities by Norwegian cancer patients is sparse. The aims of this study were therefor to map the different CAM modalities cancer patients use and further investigate their rationale for use, communication about use, self-reported benefits and harms, and their sources of information about the different modalities.

Methods: In cooperation with the Norwegian Cancer Society (NCS), we conducted an online cross-sectional study among members of their user panel with present or previously cancer (n = 706).

Immunofluorescent and molecular characterization of effusion tumor cells reveal cancer site-of-origin and disease-driving mutations.

Background: Effective cancer treatment relies on precision diagnostics. In cytology, an accurate diagnosis facilitates the determination of proper therapeutics for patients with cancer. Previously, the authors developed a multiplexed immunofluorescent panel to detect epithelial malignancies from pleural effusion specimens.

Consultations with health care providers and use of self-management strategies for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 related symptoms. A population based cross-sectional study in Norway, Sweden and the Netherlands.

Objectives: The present study was initiated to determine consultations with health care providers and use of self-management strategies for prevention or treatment of COVID-19 related symptoms in countries with a full lockdown (Norway), a partial lockdown (the Netherlands) and no lockdown (Sweden) during the first three months of the COVID-19 pandemic, and if such use correlates with worries of being infected by COVID-19 disease.

Design: Data were collected in collaboration with Ipsos A/S in April-June 2020. An adapted version of the International Questionnaire to measure use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (I-CAM-Q) was used with the categories "for prevention of COVID-19" and "to treat COVID-19-related symptoms" added.

Successful suppression of musical hallucinations with low-frequency rTMS of the left temporo-parietal junction: A case report.

Background: Inhibitory low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the temporo-parietal area has been applied to treat both auditory verbal hallucinations as well as tinnitus.

Objective: We hypothesized that 1 Hz rTMS to the left temporoparietal junction (TPJ) may be beneficial in alleviating musical hallucinations (MH), another condition with auditory experiences in the absence of an external source.

Methods: Here we describe a patient with almost insufferable life-long MH with comorbid depression, who received inhibitory rTMS to the left TPJ as well as the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC).

A qualitative study of factors influencing male participation in fertility research.

Background: Although fertility is a couple-based outcome, fertility studies typically include far fewer males than females. We know little about which factors facilitate or inhibit male participation in fertility research. In this study we aimed to explore factors that influence male participation in fertility research among North American couples trying to conceive.

Perirenal fat surface area as a risk factor for perioperative difficulties and 30-day postoperative complications in elective colon cancer surgery.

Aim: Visceral obesity is associated with perioperative and postoperative complications in colorectal surgery. We aimed to investigate the association between the perirenal fat surface area (PRF) and postoperative complications.

Method: Data on 610 patients undergoing curative, elective colon cancer resection between 2006 and 2016 at Stockholm South General Hospital were retrieved from a local quality register.

Measuring patients' health and suffering - the first stages of instrument development.

Background: Patients have reported unanticipated and transformative health changes in existential character after integrative healthcare rehabilitation. Although there are several instruments measuring patients' experiences of health, identified instruments do not sufficiently capture patients' experiences of health and suffering after integrative health care. From a caring science perspective, health and suffering are understood as an integral part of human life.

RareCyte CTC Analysis Step 3: Using the CytePicker Module for Individual Cell Retrieval and Subsequent Whole Genome Amplification of Circulating Tumor Cells for Genomic Analysis.

The CytePicker module built into the RareCyte CyteFinder instrument allows researchers to easily retrieve individual cells from microscope slides for genomic analyses, including array CGH, targeted sequencing, and next-generation sequencing. Here, we describe the semiautomated retrieval of CTCs from the blood processed by AccuCyte (see Chapter 13) and amplification of genomic DNA so that molecular analysis can be performed.

RareCyte CTC Analysis Step 2: Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells by CyteFinder Automated Scanning and Semiautomated Image Analysis.

The RareCyte CyteFinder instrument is an automated scanner that allows rapid identification of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) on microscope slides prepared by the AccuCyte process (see Chapter 13 ) and stained by immunofluorescence. Here, we present the workflow for CyteFinder scanning, analysis, and CyteMapper scan review which includes CTC confirmation and report generation.

RareCyte® CTC Analysis Step 1: AccuCyte® Sample Preparation for the Comprehensive Recovery of Nucleated Cells from Whole Blood.

The RareCyte platform addresses important technology limitations of current circulating tumor cell (CTC) collection methods, and expands CTC interrogation to include advanced phenotypic characterization and single-cell molecular analysis. In this respect, it represents the "next generation" of cell-based liquid biopsy technologies. In order to identify and analyze CTCs, RareCyte has developed an integrated sample preparation, imaging and individual cell retrieval process.

High-recovery visual identification and single-cell retrieval of circulating tumor cells for genomic analysis using a dual-technology platform integrated with automated immunofluorescence staining.

Background: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are malignant cells that have migrated from solid cancers into the blood, where they are typically present in rare numbers. There is great interest in using CTCs to monitor response to therapies, to identify clinically actionable biomarkers, and to provide a non-invasive window on the molecular state of a tumor. Here we characterize the performance of the AccuCyte®--CyteFinder® system, a comprehensive, reproducible and highly sensitive platform for collecting, identifying and retrieving individual CTCs from microscopic slides for molecular analysis after automated immunofluorescence staining for epithelial markers.

Focal middle cerebral artery ischemia in rats via a transfemoral approach using a custom designed microwire.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a reliable and repeatable method of inducing focal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in rats without ligation of the external carotid artery (ECA), while reducing the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Methods: We prototyped microwires with different diameters (0.0120 inch, 0.

A Novel Preclinical Model of Moderate Primary Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury.

Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is the "signature" injury of the recent Iraq and Afghanistan wars. Here, we present a novel method to induce bTBI using shock wave (SW) lithotripsy. Using a lithotripsy machine, Wistar rats (N = 70; 408.

Presenting symptoms of glioma in adults.

Objective: Studies on the presenting symptoms of glioma in adults in the age of readily available MRI imaging are scarce. This study investigates presenting symptoms of glioma and assesses the correlations of the presenting symptoms with patient age and histopathological class of the tumor.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of the medical records of histologically verified glioma patients treated in Turku University Hospital, during 2006-2010, was conducted.

The importance of the costoclavicular space in upper limb primary deep vein thrombosis, a study with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique enhanced by a blood pool agent.

Background: Primary upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) can be divided into idiopathic and effort thrombosis. Anatomical factors probably play an important role in effort thrombosis, whereas the cause remains mostly unknown in idiopathic thrombosis.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to examine the anatomy of the subclavian region and evaluate how these factors contribute to primary UEDVT.

Practical aspects of adjusting digital cameras.

This chapter introduces the adjustment of digital camera settings using the tools found within image acquisition software and discusses measuring gray-level information such as (1) the histogram, (2) line scan, and (3) other strategies. The pixel values in an image can be measured within many image capture software programs in two ways. The first is a histogram of pixel gray values and the second is a line-scan plot across a selectable axis of the image.