Research Note: Reduction of Salmonella load in Brazilian commercial chicken farms using INSPEKTOR®: a bacteriophage-based product.

Salmonella is a zoonotic pathogen transmitted through food and one of the four leading global causes of diarrheal disease in humans. Brazil is the world's largest exporter of poultry meat, and as such, Brazilian farms routinely detect and prevent Salmonella. The last official monitoring and control in poultry slaughter establishments in Brazil in 2023 detected Salmonella spp.

Development and characterization of a bacteriophage cocktail with high lytic efficacy against field-isolated Salmonella enterica.

Salmonella spp. is a prevalent pathogen that causes great public health concern worldwide. Bacteriophage-based cocktails have arisen as an alternative to antibiotics to inhibit the growth of Salmonella.

High copper concentration reduces biofilm formation in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans by decreasing production of extracellular polymeric substances and its adherence to elemental sulfur.

Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is an acidophilic bacterium able to grow in environments with high concentrations of metals. It is a chemolithoautotroph able to form biofilms on the surface of solid minerals to obtain its energy. The response of both planktonic and sessile cells of A.

Response of the biomining Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans to high cadmium concentrations.

Cadmium is a heavy metal present in contaminated soils. It has no biological role but when entering cells generates DNA damage, overexpression of stress response proteins and misfolded proteins, amongst other deleterious effects. Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is an acidophilic bacterium resisting high concentrations of heavy metals such as cadmium.

Possible Role of Envelope Components in the Extreme Copper Resistance of the Biomining .

resists extremely high concentrations of copper. Strain ATCC 53993 is much more resistant to the metal compared with strain ATCC 23270, possibly due to the presence of a genomic island in the former one. The global response of strain ATCC 53993 to copper was analyzed using iTRAQ (isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation) quantitative proteomics.

[Hyper IgE syndrome: three case reports].

Introduction: Autosomal dominant Hyper IgE syndrome (HIES-AD) is a primary immunodeficiency associated with connective tissue, skeletal, vascular and brain disorders. The pathogenesis of immune deficiency lies in an alteration of Th17 cells which explains the special susceptibility of these patients to S. aureus and Candida infections.

Therapeutic effects of the anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibody, infliximab, in four children with refractory juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Objective: To report the results of treatment with infliximab in patients with refractory juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

Patients And Methods: A prospective study of four children with refractory JIA was carried out. Infliximab (100 mg) was administered in weeks 0, 2 and 6.

Benefits of early biopsy on the outcome of kidney transplantation.

Introduction: Delayed graft function has been associated with worse long-term kidney allograft survival. Adequate diagnosis of the etiology of dysfunction is crucial, often requiring routine early biopsies. The aim of this article was to report the results and safety of early kidney allograft biopsies and how they influenced its management.

Importance of early adequate exposure to cyclosporine in renal transplant outcome: study of 1-year creatinine.

Introduction: One-year serum creatinine (SCr) level has been used as a surrogate marker for graft survival in kidney transplantation. We evaluated the importance of different factors on this parameter, emphasizing the importance of adequate exposure to Cyclosporine (CyA).

Methods: Ninety-six consecutive renal transplant recipients who underwent transplantation between 1996 and 2002 were treated with CyA, steroids, and azathioprine.

C2 monitoring of cyclosporine in stable renal transplant patients results in lower costs and improved renal function.

Introduction: C2 (2-hour post-absorption levels) monitoring of cyclosporine (CsA) seems to reduce the rate of acute rejection episodes (ARE) without increasing nephrotoxicity during the first months after transplant. There are a few reports on the impact of adopting this strategy in patients with stable renal transplants. We herein report a prospective trial in long-term renal transplant patients (>6 months) monitored by C0 or C3 who were switched to C2 monitoring.

Renal transplants with delayed graft function show decreased renal function despite monitoring with postabsorptive levels.

Cyclosporine (CyA) monitoring with postabsorptive levels can predict the risk of an acute rejection episode (ARE). Large doses of CyA are needed to obtain adequate drug exposure. The impact of this strategy on renal function, especially in patients with delayed graft function (DGF), is unknown.

Ketoconazole alters cyclosporine pharmacokinetic profile and may predispose to acute rejection.

Ketoconazole (KET) is frequently used as a cyclosporine (CyA)-sparing agent. Adequate exposure to CyA is critical to avoid acute rejection (AR) or chronic rejection (CR). We compared the pharmacokinetic profiles of nine stable renal transplant patients on CyA before and after conversion to KET (200 mg/d of KET simultaneous with CyA).