Measuring child food poverty: Understanding the gap to achieving minimum dietary diversity.

Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze complementary feeding practices, to assess the extent to which minimum dietary diversity (MDD) recommendations are being met in the population studied and to study factors that influence the achievement of MDD.

Design: We pooled individual level data form the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and Multi Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS). We apply methods from poverty measurement to identify individual gaps towards achieving minimum dietary diversity (MDD).

The mycorrhizal type governs root exudation and nitrogen uptake of temperate tree species.

Even though the two dominant mycorrhizal associations of temperate tree species differentially couple carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles in temperate forests, systematic differences between the biogeochemical cycles of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) tree species remain poorly described. A classification according to the mycorrhizal type offers the chance, though, to develop a global frame concept for the prediction of temperate ecosystem responses to environmental change. Focusing on the influence of mycorrhizal types on two key plant processes of biogeochemical cycling (root exudation and N acquisition), we investigated four temperate deciduous tree species per mycorrhizal type in a drought experiment in large mesocosms.