Combating multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus infection using terpene and its derivative.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus represents a major global health issue resulting in a wide range of debilitating infections and fatalities. The slow progression of new antibiotics, limited choices for treatment, and scarcity of new drug approvals create immense obstacles in new drug line development. S.

Assessment of cultivation parameters influencing pectinase production by Aspergillus niger LFP-1 in submerged fermentation.

Background: Pectinase is helpful in food and beverage industries, particularly in the preparation of fruit juice, the extraction of vegetable oil, and the fermentation of coffee. The current work aimed to screen Aspergillus niger LFP-1, a recently identified fungal strain, for its ability to produce pectinase and to ascertain the contribution of various physicochemical factors to pectinase production.

Results: The primary and secondary pectinase activity screenings by Aspergillus niger LFP-1 were performed using pectin screening agar and shake flask system, respectively.

RhoG's Role in T Cell Activation and Function.

The role of RhoG in T cell development is redundant with other Racs subfamily members, and this redundancy may be attributed to redundant signal transduction pathways. However, the absence of RhoG increases TCR signalling and proliferation, implying that RhoG activity is critical during late T cell activation following antigen-receptor interaction. Moreover, RhoG is required to halt signal transduction and prevent hyper-activated T cells.

Novel Nematode-Killing Protein-1 (Nkp-1) from a Marine Epiphytic Bacterium .

Drug resistance among parasitic nematodes has resulted in an urgent need for the development of new therapies. However, the high re-discovery rate of anti-nematode compounds from terrestrial environments necessitates a new repository for future drug research. Marine epiphytes are hypothesised to produce nematicidal compounds as a defence against bacterivorous predators, thus representing a promising yet underexplored source for anti-nematode drug discovery.

Carbapenem Resistance among Marine Bacteria-An Emerging Threat to the Global Health Sector.

The emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic microorganisms is a major issue for global public health, as it results in acute or chronic infections, debilitating diseases, and mortality. Of particular concern is the rapid and common spread of carbapenem resistance in healthcare settings. Carbapenems are a class of critical antibiotics reserved for treatment against multidrug-resistant microorganisms, and resistance to this antibiotic may result in limited treatment against infections.

The Role of RhoH in TCR Signalling and Its Involvement in Diseases.

As an atypical member of the Rho family small GTPases, RhoH shares less than 50% sequence similarity with other members, and its expression is commonly observed in the haematopoietic lineage. To date, RhoH function was observed in regulating T cell receptor signalling, and less is known in other haematopoietic cells. Its activation may not rely on the standard GDP/GTP cycling of small G proteins and is thought to be constitutively active because critical amino acids involved in GTP hydrolysis are absent.

Combating Parasitic Nematode Infections, Newly Discovered Antinematode Compounds from Marine Epiphytic Bacteria.

Parasitic nematode infections cause debilitating diseases and impede economic productivity. Antinematode chemotherapies are fundamental to modern medicine and are also important for industries including agriculture, aquaculture and animal health. However, the lack of suitable treatments for some diseases and the rise of nematode resistance to many available therapies necessitates the discovery and development of new drugs.

Novel multifunctional iron chelators of the aroyl nicotinoyl hydrazone class that markedly enhance cellular NAD /NADH ratios.

Background And Purpose: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial condition leading to cognitive decline and represents a major global health challenge in ageing populations. The lack of effective AD therapeutics led us to develop multifunctional nicotinoyl hydrazones to target several pathological characteristics of AD.

Experimental Approach: We synthesised 20 novel multifunctional agents based on the nicotinoyl hydrazone scaffold, which acts as a metal chelator and a lipophilic delivery vehicle, donating a NAD precursor to cells, to target metal dyshomeostasis, oxidative stress, β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation, and a decrease in the NAD /NADH ratio.