The current study aims to explore the efficacy of antifungal photodynamic therapy (PDT) on C. albicans biofilms by combining photosensitizers, bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), and melatonin (MLT) or acetyl-melatonin (AcO-MLT). Additionally, the relationship between different types of reactive oxygen species and PDT's antifungal efficacy was investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFree Radic Biol Med
November 2024
BACKGROUND Either a reduction in antioxidant levels or an accumulation of reactive oxygen species can heighten susceptibility to oxidative damage in disc cells. To date, no research has investigated the levels of lipid peroxidation products (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARs]), reduced glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in excised human lumbar disc tissues affected by degenerative disease. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate lipid peroxidation products in excised disc tissues from patients with degenerative disc disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFurin plays a major role in post-translational modification of several biomolecules, including endogenous hormones, growth factors, and cytokines. Recent reports have demonstrated the association of furin and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) in humans. This review describes the possible pathogenic contribution of furin and its substrates in CVDs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe serum concentration and urinary excretion of flavonoids after the ingestion of guava, pineapple, and pomelo were determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS). Each group of healthy volunteers was given 200 g of fresh fruit after overnight fasting and a 24-h flavonoid-free diet. The results demonstrate that only the glucuronic-conjugated metabolites of luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin were detected after fruit ingestion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcto-nucleotide pyrophosphatases/phosphodiesterases 1 (ENPP1) is a key enzyme in purinergic signaling pathways responsible for cell-to-cell communications and regulation of several fundamental pathophysiological processes. In this study, Kyoto Green, a rapid chemical sensor of pyrophosphate, was employed to screen for effective ENPP1 inhibitors among five representative flavonoids (quercetin, myricetin, morin, kaempferol, and quercetin-3-glucoside), five nucleosides (adenosine, guanosine, inosine, uridine, and cytidine), and five deoxynucleosides (2'- and 3'-deoxyadenosine, 2'-deoxyguanosine, 2'-deoxyinosine, and 2'-deoxyuridine). Conventional colorimetric, fluorescence, and bioluminescence assays revealed that ENPP1 was effectively inhibited by quercetin (K ~ 4 nM) and myricetin (K ~ 32 nM) when ATP was used as a substrate at pH 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDasatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been shown to produce anti-inflammatory activity and impair vascular integrity in vivo, including during skin wound healing, potentially promoting the repair process. Given that dasatinib is a lipophilic small molecule capable of penetrating skin, topical dasatinib might provide benefits in wound healing. In the present study, we investigated the impact of dasatinib ointments in skin wound healing in mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Hyperfunctional platelets play important roles in thromboembolism in patients with β-thalassaemia/ haemoglobin E (β-thal/HbE). Our previous study revealed ex vivo inhibitory effects of deferiprone on normal platelets. Herein, we aimed to investigate the in vivo effects on platelets in patients with β-thal/HbE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStimulation of angiotensin II receptor (ATR) with angiotensin II (Ang II) accelerates cardiac fibroblast activation, resulting in upregulation of cytokines and growth factors. Growth factors were strongly upregulated in animal models of myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy as well as patients with heart failure. Nevertheless, the signal transduction of ATR for upregulation of growth factors in human cardiac fibroblasts contributing to myocyte hypertrophy have not fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVascular complications in β-thalassemia are associated with oxidative modification of lipoproteins under high oxidative stress. The lipid components of lipoproteins are oxidized via lipid peroxidation and produce lipid radicals (L•) as the key initial intermediates. Modification of lipid components, therefore, might result in alterations in the rate and products of lipid peroxidation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe oxidative status of twenty-three β-thalassemia/hemoglobin E patients was evaluated after administration of 75 mg/kg deferiprone (GPO-L-ONE®) divided into 3 doses daily for 12 months. Serum ferritin was significantly decreased; the median value at the initial and final assessments was 2842 and 1719 ng/mL, respectively. Progressive improvement with significant changes in antioxidant enzyme activity, including plasma paraoxonase (PON) and platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH), and in antioxidant enzymes in red blood cells (glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) were observed at 3-6 months of treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Inflammatory bleeding due to depletion of platelet glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) has been proposed as a potential novel mechanism to promote skin wound healing. Dasatinib inhibits a broad range of tyrosine kinases, including Src and Syk, the signaling molecules downstream of GPVI and CLEC-2.
Objectives: To investigate whether dasatinib affects skin wound healing.
Oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Hemin (iron (III)-protoporphyrin IX) is a degradation product of hemoglobin that can be found in thalassemia patients. Hemin is a strong oxidant that can cause LDL oxidation and contributes to atherosclerosis in thalassemia patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study focuses on the role of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy. The photosensitizers were prepared in combinations of 110/220 µM erythrosine and/or 10/20 µM demethoxy/bisdemethoxy curcumin with/without 10% () nano-titanium dioxide. Irradiation was performed with a dental blue light in the 395-480 nm wavelength range, with a power density of 3200 mW/cm and yield of 72 J/cm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Photodynamic therapy improves oral mucositis treatment. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from this reaction could contribute to an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing inflammatory cells.
Objective: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of photodynamic therapy using guaiazulene and a red laser in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
Haemin (iron (III)-protoporphyrin IX) is a degradation product of haemoglobin in circulating erythrocytes. Haemin may play a key oxidising agent for lipoprotein oxidation in patients with haemolytic anaemia. In this study, kinetic changes in chemical composition and target sites of haemin-induced LDL and HDL oxidation were investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThalassemia patients are susceptible to both iron overload and thromboembolism. Deferiprone is an iron chelator that shows an antiplatelet activity and thus may alleviate platelet hyperactivation in thalassemia. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of deferiprone on normal human platelets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain iron overload is chronic and slow progressing and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful noninvasive tool for determining liver iron content, but it has not been proven to be adequate for evaluating brain iron overload. We evaluated the usefulness of MRI-derived parameters to determine brain iron concentration in β-thalassemic mice and the effects of the membrane permeable iron chelator, deferiprone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objective: Curcumin, one of an established curcuminoid substances extracted from Curcuma longa, has been used as a photosensitizer (PS) in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Curcuminoid substances has been reported to have benefits in treating dental chronic infection and inflammation diseases, such as chronic periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to find the optimum concentration of Curcuma longa (CL) extract, containing all curcuminoid substances, and the power density of blue light (BL) in photodynamic therapy against periodontally pathogenic bacteria, A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) is implicated in a variety of oxidative diseases. To clarify the mechanisms involved and facilitate the investigation of therapeutics, we previously developed a detection method for lipid-derived radicals using the fluorescent probe 2,2,6-trimethyl-6-pentyl-4-(4-nitrobenzo[1,2,5]oxadiazol-7-ylamino)piperidine-1-oxyl (NBD-Pen). In this study, NBD-Pen was used to detect lipid-derived radicals in Ox-LDL from in vitro and in vivo samples using an iron overloaded mouse model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of erythrosine and cyanidin-3-glucoside as photosensitizers in PDT for the elimination of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) biofilms.
Methods: P.
Yearly, huge amounts of sock refuse are discarded into the environment. Socks contain many molecules, and worn ones, which are rich in smell-causing bacteria, have a strong influence on animals' behaviors. But the impacts of sock odor on the oviposition behavior of dengue vectors are unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEncephalitis has been described worldwide as a severe complication in patients infected by dengue virus. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is a key mechanism involved in the neuronal damage caused by viral encephalitis. In the present study, the capability of dengue virus serotypes 2 (DENV2) and DENV4 to induce ROS production was investigated in a rat microglial cell line, HAPI cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThromboembolic events including cerebral thrombosis, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism are major complications in β-thalassemia. Damaged red blood cells and chronic platelet activation in splenectomized β-thalassemia/HbE patients were associated with increased microparticles (MPs) releases into blood circulation. MPs are small membrane vesicles, which play important roles on coagulation.
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