Concurrent multi-session anodal trans-cranial direct current stimulation enhances pelvic floor muscle training effectiveness for female patients with multiple sclerosis suffering from urinary incontinence and pelvic floor dysfunction: a randomized clinical trial study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Urinary incontinence following a pelvic floor muscle (PFM) dysfunction is a common disorder in women with multiple sclerosis (MS). Concurrent anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) of the primary motor cortex (M1) may prime the effects of PFM training (PFMT) in MS patients. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of M1 a-tDCS on the effectiveness of PFMT in the treatment of female MS patients with urinary incontinence and PFM dysfunctions.

Plant based food bioactives: A boon or bane for neurological disorders.

Neurological disorders are the foremost occurring diseases across the globe resulting in progressive dysfunction, loss of neuronal structure ultimately cell death. Therefore, attention has been drawn toward the natural resources for the search of neuroprotective agents. Plant-based food bioactives have emerged as potential neuroprotective agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

Priming of postural training with cerebellar anodal transcranial direct current stimulation for its effects on postural balance and fear of falling in patients with multiple sclerosis: A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study.

Postural impairment is one of the most disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), while fear of falling can exacerbate it in these patients. One of the leading causes of postural impairment and fear of falling in patients with MS is the cerebellum region's abnormalities, which may be modulated by cerebellar anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS). The present study aimed to investigate the effects of cerebellar a-tDCS concurrent with postural training (cerebellar a-CS) on postureand fear of falling in patients with MS.

Does anodal trans-cranial direct current stimulation of the damaged primary motor cortex affects wrist flexor muscle spasticity and also activity of the wrist flexor and extensor muscles in patients with stroke?: a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Spasticity is a common symptom in stroke survivors. This study is double-blinded, sham-controlled randomized, clinical trial with three parallel arms. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of anodal trans-cranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) over the damaged primary motor cortex (M1) on spasticity of the wrist flexor and also the activity of wrist flexor and extensor muscles in sub-acute stroke patients.

Assessment of cognitive functions and related risk factors in Iranian patients with generalized epilepsy as compared to patients with non-epileptic neurological disorders.

The cognitive impairment in patients with generalized epilepsy may affect their social efficiency and quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study is to determine the cognitive dysfunction and related risk factors in patients with generalized epilepsy as compared to patients with non-epileptic neurological disorders. In the present descriptive cross-sectional study, the cognitive function was assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test in 62 patients with generalized epilepsy and also 62 patients with non-epileptic neurological diseases who referred to the Neurology Clinic, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.

Comparing the effects of multi-session anodal trans-cranial direct current stimulation of primary motor and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices on fatigue and quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis: a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial.

Objective: To compare the effects of anodal trans-cranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) over primary motor and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices on Fatigue Severity Scale and its lasting effect on fatigue reduction and improvement in quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Design: A randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled parallel clinical trial study.

Setting: Neurological physiotherapy clinics.

Does M1 anodal transcranial direct current stimulation affects online and offline motor learning in patients with multiple sclerosis?

Objective: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological diseases in the world. Due to structural and functional changes in central nerves system, the patients with MS may affected by sensory-motor learning deficits. The aims of the current study was to assess the effect of primary motor cortex (M1) anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) on online and offline motor learning in patients with MS.

Mitochondrial DNA G15927A and G15928A variations in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Modern genetics has offered a fresh perspective on the pathology of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). As mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variations are held to be potential contributors to the complex pathobiology of MS, the present study tests the claim that mtDNA G15927A or G15928A variations, or both, are associated with MS in an Iranian population.

Materials And Methods: Following DNA extraction from blood samples of 100 subjects with relapsing-remitting MS, and 100 healthy unrelated control subjects, PCR-RFLP analyses was carried out by HpaII restriction enzyme reaction.

No evidence of association between optic neuritis and secondary LHON mtDNA mutations in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON) shares features with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Both diseases develop optic lesions. Frequent secondary LHON mutations in MS patients may explain the optic damage.

Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D levels is not associated with disability in multiple sclerosis patients: A case-control study.

Background: It seems that serum vitamin D levels are one of the potential environmental factors affecting the severity of multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study, we aim to evaluate vitamin D levels in MS patients and healthy subjects and assess the relationship between vitamin D level and disability.

Methods: In this case-control study, 168 rapid relapsing MS patients and 168 matched healthy controls were randomly included in this study.