Prevalence of Ear, Nose, and Throat Problems in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Ear, nose, and throat (ENT) disorders are common and significantly impact the quality of life. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of ENT problems among the Saudi population and to explore its association with sociodemographic factors, knowledge, and healthcare utilization. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among 405 participants aged 18-80 years across Saudi Arabia.

Penetrating orbital trauma: Comprehensive review and meta-analysis of bullet injuries.

Background: Orbital bullet injuries resulting from high-velocity trauma pose significant clinical challenges due to the potential for severe ocular and systemic complications. This meta-analysis consolidates the existing body of knowledge on direct orbital bullet injuries with respect to clinical outcomes, management strategies, and long-term effects.

Methods: The literature search was conducted by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, using databases such as PubMed and Scopus.

Enhancing in search of Milankovitch cycles from stratigraphic record using convex optimization algorithm.

Accurately identifying Milankovitch cycles has been a significant challenge in cyclostratigraphic studies, as it is essential for improving geochronology. This manuscript focuses on developing a method that distinguishes Milankovitch cycles from sedimentary noise to enhance stratigraphic precision. Despite their often-conspicuous magnitude, these periodicities frequently intertwine with noise, posing a challenge for conventional spectral analysis.

Biofilm attachment and mineralizing potential of contemporary restorative materials.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare: (1) the effect of the bacterial biofilm on the dentin mineral density at the restoration-tooth interface and (2) the mineralization potential of three resin-based restorative materials (RBRM).

Methods: 16 extracted human molars free of caries and cracks were collected and stored for disinfection. Each tooth received two standardized Class II preparations with the cervical margin placed in dentin.

Traditional Knowledge, Use, and Management of Among the Mijikenda Community in Kilifi, Kenya.

Although Lam. (Moringaceae) is a multipurpose tree with remarkable nutritional and therapeutic benefits, it is undervalued and neglected in Kenya, as the local people associate it with famine and poverty. The present study aims to assess and document the traditional knowledge on use and management as well as production constraints of the species among the Mijikenda community in Kilifi County, Kenya.

Embryonic Thermal Programming and Dietary Baicalein Supplementation Post-Hatch: Effects on Broiler Adipose Tissue Deposition.

Optimization of growth performance and fat metabolism in broilers are critical for meat quality and overall production efficiency. This experiment investigated the effects of dietary baicalein supplementation and embryonic heat conditioning (EHC) on the growth performance and adipose tissue metabolism of 10-day old broilers. Fertile eggs were divided into control and EHC groups, with EHC eggs exposed to intermittent heating (39.

Estimation of macroplastic yield from river basin to coastal area: A case study of the Klang River, Malaysia.

Plastic pollution in aquatic ecosystems has become a critical global environmental challenge, threatening biodiversity, water quality, and human health. This study investigates macroplastics distribution and characterization in the highly polluted Klang River, Malaysia, and proposes a protocol to compute total macroplastic yield in the river basin. A total of 240 macroplastic items were collected over a 20-km stretch from the river mouth inland, with an average of 0.

Peritoneal adipose stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles mediate the regulation of ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration through EGFR-NF-κB signaling.

Peritoneal dissemination frequently develops in patients with ovarian cancer (OC) and is associated with recurrence and metastasis. However, the cellular components and mechanisms supporting OC peritoneal metastasis are poorly understood. To elucidate these, we utilized RNA sequencing to investigate the cellular composition and function.

Alterations in the Processing of Platelet APP (Amyloid Beta Precursor Protein) in Alzheimer Disease: The Possible Nexus.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease associated with the development of dementia. The hallmarks of AD neuropathology are accumulations of amyloid peptide (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Aβ is derived from the processing of APP (amyloid beta precursor protein) by BACE1 (beta-secretase 1) and γ-secretase through an amyloidogenic pathway.

Polyangiitis Overlap Syndrome: Polyarteritis Nodosa with Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Associated with Left Ventricular Thrombus and Vocal Cord Palsy: A Case Report.

Polyangiitis overlap syndrome (POS) is a systemic vasculitis characterized by overlapping features of more than one well-defined vasculitic syndrome. We present the case of a 38-year-old Malay man with progressive dyspnea and palpable purpura in his lower limbs. The diagnostic evaluation revealed right-sided segmental pulmonary consolidation with pleural effusion, systolic cardiac dysfunction with the presence of an intracardiac thrombus, and left vocal cord palsy secondary to laryngeal mononeuropathy.

Phocaeicola vulgatus shapes the long-term growth dynamics and evolutionary adaptations of Clostridioides difficile.

Clostridioides difficile can transiently or persistently colonize the human gut, posing a risk for infections. This colonization is influenced by complex molecular and ecological interactions with the human gut microbiota. By investigating C.

Multiomic molecular patterns of lipid dysregulation in a subphenotype of sepsis with higher shock incidence and mortality.

Background: Lipids play a critical role in defense against sepsis. We sought to investigate gene expression and lipidomic patterns of lipid dysregulation in sepsis.

Methods: Data from four adult sepsis studies were analyzed and findings were investigated in two external datasets.

Qatar's genetic counseling landscape: Current insights and future prospects.

Genetic counseling is a dynamic and rapidly growing field. In Qatar, the significance of genetic counseling is underscored by the distinctive demographic characteristics of the population, including elevated rates of consanguinity and larger family sizes, contributing to the increased incidence of many genetic conditions. This emphasizes the crucial role of genetic counseling in addressing the specific needs of the community.

Predictors and Prevalence of Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Cross-Sectional Study in Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder that's characterized by episodes of a complete or partial collapse of the upper airway with an associated decrease in oxygen saturation or arousal from sleep. According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM), OSA is categorized based on polysomnography findings into mild, moderate, and severe. Objectives This study aims at determining the prevalence of the severities of OSA in Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, as well as discovering the predictors for severe OSA.

Community-based flood mitigation in Malaysia: Enhancing public participation and policy effectiveness for sustainable resilience.

Background: Flooding is a frequent and devastating hazard in Malaysia, exacerbated by the country's tropical climate and rapid urbanisation. Traditional flood management strategies, predominantly focused on engineering solutions, have proven inadequate in addressing evolving flood risks. Community-based flood mitigation (CBFM) has emerged as an alternative approach, leveraging local knowledge and public participation to enhance flood resilience.

A Narrative-Gamified Mental Health App (Kuamsha) for Adolescents in Uganda: Mixed Methods Feasibility and Acceptability Study.

Background: Many adolescents in Uganda are affected by common mental disorders, but only a few affordable treatment options are available. Digital mental health interventions offer promising opportunities to reduce these large treatment gaps, but interventions specifically tailored for Ugandan adolescents are limited.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the feasibility and acceptability of the Kuamsha program, an intervention delivered through a gamified app with low-intensity telephonic guidance, as a way to promote mental health among adolescents from the general population in Uganda.

Insights into risk factors and outcomes of post-stroke seizures in Saudi Arabia: a multicenter analysis.

Post-stroke seizures present a global challenge, yet its frequency and factors associated with its incidence are poorly documented, particularly in the Middle East. Thus, this study aims to investigate post-stroke seizure frequency and stroke-associated factors among ischemic stroke patients in Saudi Arabia, addressing demographic, clinical, and comorbid aspects to improve prognosis, diagnosis, prevention, and management. A multicenter, cohort observational study included eligible ischemic stroke patients who were categorized into those who developed seizures after injury and those who did not.

Spheno-Orbital Meningiomas: A Systematic Review of Treatment Modalities, Adjuvant Therapies, and Recurrence Risk.

Spheno-orbital meningiomas (SOMs) are rare tumors that involve the sphenoid wing and orbit, leading to symptoms such as proptosis and vision loss. Their proximity to critical neurovascular structures complicates surgical resection, making management challenging. A systematic review of 22 paper series involving 1042 patients was conducted using PubMed and Scopus.

Risk of Microvascular Complications in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Patients Using Automated Machine Learning Prediction Models.

In type 2 diabetes (T2D), collective damage to the eyes, kidneys, and peripheral nerves constitutes microvascular complications, which significantly affect patients' quality of life. This study aimed to prospectively evaluate the risk of microvascular complications in newly diagnosed T2D patients in Dubai, UAE. Supervised automated machine learning in the Auto-Classifier model of the IBM SPSS Modeler package was used to predict microvascular complications in a training data set of 348 long-term T2D patients with complications using 24 independent variables as predictors and complications as targets.