Deconstructing Timbre into 5 Physiological Parameters: Vocal Mode, Amount of Metal, Degree of Density, Size of Larynx, and Sound Coloring.

Unlabelled: Timbre has been related to adjustment at the source as well as adjustments in resonance, including laryngeal height and hypopharynx area and volume. However, it is often presented in vocal pedagogy as solely related to resonance. Very little data is available on the laryngeal adjustments at both source and resonance involved in achieving various timbres across a variety of phonation types.

Extreme Vocal Effects Distortion, Growl, Grunt, Rattle, and Creaking as Measured by Electroglottography and Acoustics in 32 Healthy Professional Singers.

Unlabelled: Vocal effects - also called extreme or extended vocal techniques - with the intention to sound hoarse or rough are widely used as part of many genres and styles of singing, yet scarcely documented in research. Physiological studies detail the involvement of supraglottic structures for the production of vocal effects, yet the acoustic impact of such involvement has not been documented systematically across phonation types.

Purpose: To report acoustic measurements and electroglottography-specific measurements for the five rough-sounding vocal effects Distortion, Growl, Grunt, Rattle, and Creaking across phonation types to demonstrate differences between notes with and without vocal effects added.

The process of slowing down in clinical reasoning during ultrasound consultations.

Objectives: In clinical reasoning, clinicians need to switch between automatic and effortful reasoning to solve both routine and non-routine problems. This requires the ability to recognise when a problem is non-routine and adapt one's reasoning mode accordingly, that is to 'slow down' the reasoning process. In the current study, we explored the process of these transitions between automatic and effortful reasoning by radiologists who performed ultrasound examinations during consultations at the polyclinic.

Developing a digital communication training tool on information-provision in oncology: uncovering learning needs and training preferences.

Background: Adequate information-provision forms a crucial component of optimal cancer care. However, information-provision is particularly challenging in an oncology setting. It is therefore imperative to help oncological health care practitioners (HCP) optimise their information-giving skills.

Augmented reality in medical education?

Learning in the medical domain is to a large extent workplace learning and involves mastery of complex skills that require performance up to professional standards in the work environment. Since training in this real-life context is not always possible for reasons of safety, costs, or didactics, alternative ways are needed to achieve clinical excellence. Educational technology and more specifically augmented reality (AR) has the potential to offer a highly realistic situated learning experience supportive of complex medical learning and transfer.